SRv6技术探讨及应用

针对现有MPLS技术不能适应越发多样化的5G和云业务承载的问题,对采用SRv6技术进行承载的方式进行探讨。首先介绍了SRv6技术的概念,通过和传统MPLS技术的对比得出两种技术在业务承载方面的优劣势,然后阐述了SRv6的报文结构、编程能力的实现和工作模式,最后重点以电信、联通的试点为例,对SRv6与EVPN、FlexE技术的组合在不同场景下的应用进行了探讨,结果表明SRv6技术在对简化业务开通流程、提供差异化服务等方面具有巨大优势,对其后续的大规模部署方式和研究方向也进行了简单论述。     

SRv6技术探讨

SR技术通过扩展IGP协议实现segment信息的交互,进而实现基于业务、拓扑等的SR-TE流量工程,基于TI-LFA FRR可保障任意网络拓扑的高可靠性。SR在数据平面支持MPLS和IPv6 2种封装方式,既继承了MPLS技术的优势,又能适应IPv6、SDN等技术的发展,极大地降低了网络协议部署的复杂度。分析了基于IPv6协议的SRv6源路由技术,并探讨了SRv6的组网方案,为未来IPv6-only网络发展演进提供参考。     

城域云网5G业务端到端安全研究和提升

新型城域网建成后,城域网的架构发生根本变化,宽带、专线、5G等业务被封装在不同的SRv6 EVPN中,传统的PBR或者MPLS VPN技术难以编排城域网部分的安全业务链。新型城域网依托SRv6作为转发平面,因此,需要基于SRv6实现端到端业务自动编排来满足新型城域网的业务需求。本文就5G边缘计算MEC业务安全问题展开研究,从广东电信网络中探讨新型城域网业务在5G网络中的技术与管理上的安全提升。     

SRv6头压缩技术方案研究

数字化、智能化承载网络成为网络建设与运营的主要目标,承载协议作为实现网络互联与业务承载的关键技术,直接决定了网络规模部署能力与业务承载效率。面向一致性体验与差异化融合承载需求,IPv6段路由（IPv6-based segment routing,SRv6）作为IPv6演进的关键技术,成为未来网络承载协议的发展方向。基于SRv6技术原理,剖析了SRv6头压缩需求,并结合业界典型的SRv6头压缩方案分析了各方案的优劣,为SRv6技术规模部署提供指引。     

5G承载网的“SRv6+EVPN”技术研究与规模部署

5G和云时代已经到来,SRv6和EVPN是云网融合演进道路上的关键技术。通过回顾网络协议发展历程,分析SRv6及EVPN的诞生背景、技术原理和优势,并结合中国电信5G承载网STN的架构、中国电信5G发展战略以及 2B 业务,研究了“SRv6+EVPN”的应用场景及部署策略,最后介绍了中国电信 STN 部署“SRv6+EVPN”实际情况,并对“城域+骨干”的云网一体化基础设施全面部署“SRv6+EVPN”技术进行了展望。     

G-SRv6关键技术、标准进展及组网应用

SRv6兼具IPv6寻址与源路由调度机制,协议简单,可编程能力强,被认为是新一代IP网络的核心协议.但是,由于SRv6采用了128bit作为段标识,当段标识层数增多时,存在开销大、芯片要求高、现网升级难等问题,难以在运营商网络规模部署.解决该问题涉及帧头结构和转发机制的变动,影响较大,因而引起业内广泛关注.本文介绍了G...     

SRv6在新型城域网中的应用实践

5G、云和智能化时代对电信承载网络提出了大带宽、低时延、云网业务快速响应、差异化承载等新需求。基于“固移融合、云网融合”理念设计的新型城域网，能够较好满足这些需求，成为未来数字经济发展的坚实底座。介绍了SRv6的特点和优势，以及新型城域网的组网架构，重点阐述了SRv6在新型城域网中的各类应用场景，在SRv6应用部署方面进行了初步探索。     

基于SRv6的云网融合承载方案

介绍了云网融合发展的背景和要求,以及SRv6的技术原理和优势。同时,提出了基于SRv6的云网融合承载方案及其技术架构,包括基于SRv6的SD-WAN、跨域组网、入云专线和云间互联。通过对比传统承载方案与基于SRv6的承载方案,阐述了后者解决现有云网业务痛点的优势,以及云网融合演进的重要意义。     

多协议标记交换

作为第3层交换的多协议标记交换(MPLS)结合了第3层灵活选路与第2层快速转发的特点,应用前景看好。本讲座将分3讲介绍MPLS,主要内容有:IP选路与IP交换、MPLS概述、标记分配与管理、标记分配协议、基于ATM的标记交换路由器(LSR)、MPLS的SIN模式以及MPLS的有关技术。     

爱立信IP业务方案介绍

随着电信基础设施融合的全面开展,各电信运行商也日益关注IP承载网所面临的技术挑战和基于IP协议的解决方案。本文介绍了爱立信的包交换骨干网(PBN)中的MPLS VPN、MPLS DS-TE和IPv6等技术所提供的端到端多业务骨干网的解决方案。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

A rigorous proof of MIMO channel capacity’s increase with antenna number

It is well known that adding more antennas at the transmitter or at the receiver may offer larger channel capacity in the multiple-input multiple-output（MIMO） communication systems. In this letter, a simple proof is presented for the fact that the channel capacity increases with an increase in the number of receiving antennas. The proof is based on the famous capacity formula of Foschini and Gans with matrix theory.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks