共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 93 毫秒
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角砾岩破碎带是隧道施工中比较常见的不良地质现象,对于角砾岩多为宏观尺度上的力学性质研究,很少涉及微观尺度上的矿物力学特性。本文通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观测角砾岩矿物组成成分,借助原子力显微镜(AFM)获得矿物成分的杨氏模量,根据材料随机模型获得宏观杨氏模量。研究结果表明:角砾岩岩样的矿物组成和体积占比分别是:石英占比20%,钾长石占比40%,斜长石占比40%;AFM测出岩样中石英、钾长石、斜长石三种矿物的杨氏模量为99.13 GPa、91.78 GPa、63.36 GPa;角砾岩材料随机模型杨氏模量为81.20 GPa。本文提出一种基于原子力显微镜的微观岩石测试方法,测得角砾岩岩样的组成成分和微观力学性质,为从岩样中获得力学性质提供了一种新型的研究方法。 相似文献
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羟基乙叉二膦酸(HEDP)对碳酸钙晶体生长过程影响的原子力显微镜(AFM)研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
用原子力显微镜 (AFM)观测了添加羟基乙叉二膦酸 (HEDP)后的碳酸钙晶粒的表面形貌变化。纯碳酸钙过饱和溶液析出的碳酸钙晶体有两种主要的形态 :薄片状菱形晶体和类似立方体的菱方体晶体。AFM图像显示添加HEDP后菱方体晶体的形貌发生了根本性的变化 ,呈现一种类似多晶的表面结构 ;而薄片状菱形晶体在添加HEDP前后测量不到生长变化。实验结果表明HEDP对薄片状菱形晶体有阻垢效果 ,而对菱方体晶体的生长无抑制作用或较差 相似文献
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为明确不同温拌添加剂对橡胶改性沥青抗水损害性能的影响机制,通过原子力显微镜(AFM)力谱试验,分别测定了浸水前后不同温拌橡胶沥青的粘聚力和粘附力,并在此基础上分析了温拌橡胶沥青的水损伤特性.结果表明:未浸水条件下,添加Sasobit温拌剂后橡胶沥青的粘聚、粘附性能显著降低;浸水条件下,Advera、Evotherm能有效提高橡胶沥青的抗粘聚破坏能力,而Advera、Evotherm和Sasobit三种温拌剂均能改善橡胶沥青在水浸泡后的粘附性能;橡胶沥青中掺加温拌剂能有效降低其在浸水过程中的粘聚性能和粘附性能损伤. 相似文献
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在探测纳米尺寸上、分子水平上的表面形貌,原子力显微镜是最先进的测试工具之一。文章主要是在室温大气条件下,用原子力显微镜分别对液相化学沉淀法制备的羟基磷灰石(HAP)粉体,压片后在马福炉中用不同的温度和时间烧结,得到不同烧结状态的样品表面进行扫描成像,并用原子力显微镜分析软件分析发现羟基磷灰石样品颗粒的平均尺寸随温度升高而增大的变化趋势。并用RISE-2008型激光粒度分析仪测样品颗粒粒度作对比测试印证原子力显微镜测试结果的可靠性。 相似文献
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采用物理机械混合的方式将硅烷偶联剂或碳纳米管分别加入环氧树脂(EP)中,经缠绕成型制备玻璃纤维(GF)增强EP复合材料NOL环,并通过静态力学性能、动态力学性能、扫描电子显微镜、傅里叶变换红外光谱及能谱分析等对复合材料老化前后的性能进行表征。研究发现,当添加硅烷偶联剂质量分数为1.5%或碳纳米管质量分数为0.2%时,复合材料的力学性能最为优异。高温高压矿化水老化后,复合材料的力学性能下降,玻璃化转变温度下降9℃;溶液中的金属离子由于体积限制难以进入复合材料内部,复合材料性能的劣化主要是温度、水分对于EP基体、EP基体与GF界面产生的破坏造成的。水分子进入后可以与EP中的极性官能团结合生成氢键并且导致酯基的水解,靠近外部溶液的部位受损伤更严重;EP基体中添加硅烷偶联剂或碳纳米管后,水分子在复合材料内部的扩散能力减弱,老化后复合材料的拉伸、层间剪切强度保留率提高,耐老化性能提升。 相似文献
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乳化沥青粉(Emulsified asphalt powder,EAP)是乳化沥青经喷雾干燥处理制得的一种粉体材料,具有易分散、稳定性好等优点,在水泥基材料韧性改性方面具有广阔的应用前景.研究了EAP对水泥砂浆抗压强度、弹性模量、抗折强度和轴心抗拉强度等力学性能的影响,并通过水化热、氮吸附和扫描电镜等微观测试手段研究了其对水泥浆体水化性能和微观结构的影响.结果表明,随EAP掺量提高,水泥砂浆的抗压强度和弹性模量呈下降趋势,但其折压比显著提高,增幅可达53.9%;抗拉强度呈先提高后降低的趋势,当掺量为4wt%时抗拉强度提高最多,高达44.4%,表明EAP的加入显著提高了水泥砂浆的韧性.同时,EAP降低了水泥浆体的水化放热速率,减少了C-S-H凝胶的生成量.当掺量为15wt%时,沥青膜与水化产物相互交织并在一定程度上包覆水化产物,从而对水泥砂浆抗压性能产生不利影响. 相似文献
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对再生沥青进行薄膜烘箱老化实验,结果表明,随着老化时间的延长,软化点近似呈线性形式 升高,针入度近似呈指数下降,老化温度越高,使用性能变得越差。提出了“延度稳定段”的概念,再生沥 青的延度稳定段较原沥青短,再生沥青的抗老化性能比原沥青差。 相似文献
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《应用化工》2022,(12):3069-3073
采用室内实验模拟环境中的温度、湿度、光照强度和空气流速,分析复杂环境作用下沥青老化96,192,288 h(模拟实际1年、2年和3年)的性能变化。研究表明,在老化初期,沥青的针入度下降速度较慢,老化后期下降速度逐渐稳定在较快的水平;沥青的软化点增长率较小且较为稳定;沥青的延度在老化初期下降速度较快,随着老化时间的延长,延度下降速度进一步加快;老化初期沥青拌合温度下限增长率及压实成型温度下限增长率较低且较为稳定,老化后期二者有较大幅度的上升,拌合温度下限增长率上升趋势更大;老化初期沥青车辙因子增长率较大,随着老化时间的延长,车辙因子增长率呈现缓慢上升趋势。 相似文献
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《中国生物制品学杂志》2014,(6)
目的应用原子力显微镜(atomic force microscope,AFM)技术研究重组人内皮抑素(recombinant human endostatin,rhES)对内皮细胞的作用。方法采用MTT法检测不同浓度的rhES(0.05~2.4μg/ml)对人脐静脉内皮细胞ECV304增殖活力的影响;分别用0.8和2μg/ml的rhES处理ECV304细胞,应用AFM观察内皮细胞整体形貌的变化,SPI 3800 New DFM动力显微镜观察ECV304细胞表面局部形貌的变化。结果 rhES可明显抑制ECV304细胞增殖,且呈剂量效应(P0.001);rhES可降低贴壁的ECV304细胞的厚度,且呈剂量依赖效应,使较光滑的细胞表面变粗糙,产生了一些微小的突起;经rhES处理的ECV304细胞表面结构呈现不规则的变化。结论 AFM技术具有样品制备简便和分辨率较高等优点,适合贴壁培养细胞的原位观察。 相似文献
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Summary Thin films of phase separated polystyrene-b-polyisoprene-b-polystyrene block copolymers were studied by tapping mode atomic force microscopy. The relative contrast in height and phase mode images of the phase separated regions was found to be very sensitive to changes in the operating conditions of the microscope. Contrast variations and reversals were observed for height and phase mode images as a function of the set-point amplitude ratio and drive frequency. No unique height or phase contrast was observed for the the tri-block copolymer system examined in this study. Received: 30 December 1997/Revised version: 14 January 1998/Accepted: 15 January 1998 相似文献
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再生沥青的热老化研究(Ⅱ)——再生沥青热老化过程中族组成变化的研究 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
通过对不同老化温度与不同老化时间下薄膜烘箱老化后族组成变化的研究 ,发现再生沥青的族组成随老化的进程发生改变 :老化时间延长 ,饱和分质量分数不变或略有减少 ,芳香分质量分数总是降低 ,胶质质量分数变化复杂 ,沥青质质量分数总是升高。对变化规律与原因进行了详细的讨论 相似文献
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C. Gaire Y. Ou H. Arao M. Egami A. Nakashima R. C. Picu G.-C. Wang T.-M. Lu 《Journal of Porous Materials》2010,17(1):11-18
Mechanical properties of porous methyl silsesquioxane samples with dielectric constant 2.4 and 2.0 and a recently developed
nanoclustering silica film samples with dielectric constants 2.3 and 2.0 were evaluated using an atomic force microscope based
nanoindentation. It was found that the Young’s modulus and the hardness decrease while the fracture toughness increases with
a decrease in the dielectric constant in the same type of material. Moreover, the Young’s modulus and the hardness of the
nanoclustering silica films were observed to be at least twice and fracture toughness values ~1.3–1.5 higher than those for
methyl silsesquioxane films with similar dielectric constants. The high resolution topographic imaging capability of atomic
force microscope was shown to be particularly useful in the measurement of cracks generated by the ultra-low indentation loads,
and the evaluation of the fracture toughness of the nanoscale volumes of materials. 相似文献
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A. K. Fritzsche A. R. Arevalo A. F. Connolly M. D. Moore V. Elings C. M. Wu 《应用聚合物科学杂志》1992,45(11):1945-1956
Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) were used to investigate the surface structure and morphology of 10,000, 30,000, and 100,000 dalton molecular weight cutoff (MWCO) polyethersulfone (PES) ultrafiltration membranes, and the results are compared. Although both approaches reveal the pore structure in the 30,000 and 100,000 MWCO membranes, the pore diameters derived from SEM are smaller than those measured by AFM. This discrepancy is a result of the diminution in pore dimensions during the sample preparation for SEM, that is, the solvent exchange procedure needed to remove the water from the membrane prior to the high vacuum gold coating deposition step. In contrast to SEM, which requires a high vacuum both during heavy metal coating and during examination, AFM can be performed on wet ultrafiltration membranes. Consequently, the potential of altering the membranes' pore structures during sample preparation is eliminated. Therefore, the pore diameters obtained from AFM are more accurate than those derived from SEM. 相似文献
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Mark R. VanLandingham Tinh Nguyen W. Eric Byrd Jonathan W. Martin 《Journal of Coatings Technology》2001,73(923):43-50
The atomic force microscope (AFM) was used to monitor changes in surface features of an acrylic melamine coating that was exposed to a variety of conditions. Exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation and high relative humidity caused general roughening of the surface and the formation of pits. Further, the damage of the coating surface was much more substantial for exposure to high relative humidity compared to exposure to dry environments. This difference in degradation rates correlated with measurements of chemical degradation determined using infrared spectra that were acquired along with the AFM images. Building Materials Division, 100 Bureau Dr., Stop 8621, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8621. 相似文献