表面等离子共振技术快速检测食品中的 玉米赤霉烯酮毒素

目的建立基于表面等离子共振(surface plasmon resonance,SPR)技术快速检测食品中玉米赤霉烯酮毒素(zearalenone,ZEN)的方法。方法采用表面自组装技术(self-assembled monolayer,SAM)在金膜的表面修饰羧基基团,将ZEN抗原与牛血清白蛋白(albumin from bovine serum,BSA)偶联物(ZEN-BSA)通过共价键固定在芯片的表面,采用竞争法检测样品中的玉米赤霉烯酮毒素。结果该方法的检测限为8.2 ng/m L,ZEN单克隆抗体与呕吐毒素、黄曲霉毒素B_1、赭曲霉毒素、伏马毒素等没有交叉反应,与α-玉米赤霉烯醇和β-玉米赤霉烯醇交叉反应率分别为15.3%和11.5%。结论本方法具有简便、快速和高灵敏度等优势,在食品中真菌毒素的快速检测方面具有潜在的应用价值。     

免疫亲和净化-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定食品中玉米赤霉烯酮类真菌毒素

建立食品中6种玉米赤霉烯酮类(α-玉米赤霉醇、β-玉米赤霉醇、α-玉米赤霉烯醇、β-玉米赤霉烯醇、玉米赤霉酮、玉米赤霉烯酮)真菌毒素的免疫亲和净化-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱检测的实验方法。样品经80%乙腈溶液提取,通过免疫亲和柱净化富集,用2 mL乙腈洗脱,氮吹至近干,0.5 mL 50%乙腈溶液复溶,采用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱进行测定。在ACQUITY UPLC HSS T3反相柱上分离,梯度洗脱,流动相为乙腈和水,质谱采集模式为电喷雾负离子多反应监测模式。6种目标物的线性范围为0.1~100μg/L,相关系数(R~2)均大于0.992,检出限为0.05μg/kg,定量限为0.2μg/kg,3个不同水平的加标平均回收率为73.0%~119.1%,相对标准偏差不大于10%。该方法具有操作简单、重复性好、灵敏度高、杂质干扰小等特点,可以用于食品中玉米赤霉烯酮类真菌毒素的检测。     

蜜环菌对玉米加工副产物中玉米赤霉烯酮降解效果

以蜜环菌Am-07-22 为发酵菌株,以玉米皮和玉米黄粉为主要研究对象,以玉米赤霉烯酮的降解率为指标,考察不同发酵时间、发酵温度、料液比、接种量对玉米皮和玉米黄粉中玉米赤霉烯酮降解率的影响,并研究蜜环菌Am-07-22 对玉米皮和玉米黄粉不同比例混合物的毒素降解效果及产物中蛋白质和多糖的含量变化。结果表明：蜜环菌降解玉米皮中玉米赤霉烯酮的最佳条件为发酵温度27 ℃、料液比1∶1.5（g/mL）、接种量10%,玉米赤霉烯酮的降解率为93.63%,蜜环菌降解玉米黄粉中玉米赤霉烯酮的最佳条件为发酵温度27 ℃、料液比1∶2（g/mL）、接种量12.5%,玉米赤霉烯酮的降解率为96.60%。蜜环菌Am-07-22 固态发酵不同质量比的玉米皮、玉米黄粉（1∶1、1∶2、2∶1）中玉米赤霉烯酮的降解率分别为95.93%、96.62% 和96.97%,质量比为2∶1 的玉米皮、玉米黄粉中蛋白质和多糖含量提高,分别提高91% 和52%。蜜环菌Am-07-22 不仅对玉米加工副产物中玉米赤霉烯酮有良好的降解效果,同时提高产物中蛋白质和多糖含量。     

玉米赤霉烯酮胶体金试纸条质量验证试验

目的验证玉米赤霉烯酮胶体金试纸条对玉米基质、小麦基质样品中玉米赤霉烯酮检测的准确性。方法根据试纸条说明书方法,将不同浓度系列的玉米基体和小麦基体质控样品进行前处理后,用试纸条测定其浓度。结果检测样品为玉米基体时试纸条间无显著性差异,相对准确率为99.5%,检测结果准确;小麦基体时,试纸条显著性差异为39.03(自由度df=1),相对准确率为80.5%,检测结果差异较大。结论该方法基本可行,适合对玉米中玉米赤霉烯酮的含量进行定性检测,不适合对小麦中玉米赤霉烯酮含量进行定性检测。     

分子印迹技术在真菌毒素检测中的应用

旨在综述分子印迹技术在真菌毒素检测中的应用,介绍分子印迹技术的原理、聚合物制备的过程以及评价聚合物性能的指标,并介绍粮食中常见真菌毒素：玉米赤霉烯酮、赭曲霉毒素A、脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇、黄曲霉毒素分子印迹聚合物的制备及其在固相萃取、生物传感器中检测真菌毒素的应用,分析分子印迹技术在真菌毒素检测领域的前景以及需要解决的问题。     

鸡饲料及原料中玉米赤霉烯酮污染的检测及分布研究

对污染鸡饲料及原料的有毒物质玉米赤霉烯酮的检测方法和分布进行了研究。建立了饲料及不同种类原料中玉米赤霉烯酮的高效液相色谱-荧光检测方法,采用免疫亲和柱进行净化处理,优化了样品提取和净化条件,获得了较好的色谱条件,能满足检测分析的需要。同时采用该方法分析了118批饲料和83批原料中玉米赤霉烯酮的含量。结果显示,该方法检出限为0.005mg/kg,回收率为87.2%~91.0%,精密度为1.2%~2.1%,能快速、准确地分析鸡饲料及原料中玉米赤霉烯酮的含量。玉米赤霉烯酮在原料中的总的检出率为8.4%,在原料干酒糟、蛋白粉、高粱、玉米中有检出,超出允许限量的原料占总数的10%。鸡饲料中玉米赤霉烯酮总的检出率为30.51%,超标率为5.08%。原料和饲料中玉米赤霉烯酮的最高含量分别为976.24、2042.44μg/kg,分别达到标准允许限量的2倍和4倍。     

臭氧降解玉米赤霉烯酮及其降解产物细胞毒性

臭氧处理玉米赤霉烯酮标准溶液后,产生了4种降解产物,其质荷比分别是335.184 1、351.190 7、321.186 8和367.175 3。应用CCK-8法研究细胞生长抑制率发现,玉米赤霉烯酮经臭氧处理后,肝癌细胞的增殖抑制率明显下降,但玉米赤霉烯酮降解产物对肝癌细胞生长仍存在抑制。作者通过超高效液相色谱串联质谱建立了一种在臭氧处理玉米赤霉烯酮过程中,同时检测玉米赤霉烯酮及其两种主要降解产物的方法。该方法在臭氧处理玉米赤霉烯酮污染的玉米粉中,能够检测出与臭氧处理玉米赤霉烯酮标准溶液时相同的两种主要降解产物,并在90 min臭氧处理后,玉米赤霉烯酮质量分数减少95.1%。     

免疫磁珠高通量自动净化-超高效液相色谱法快速测定饲料中玉米赤霉烯酮

采用免疫磁珠净化饲料原料及其产品中的玉米赤霉烯酮,实现玉米赤霉烯酮的自动富集、清洗和洗脱,结合超高效液相色谱对玉米赤霉烯酮进行分析测试。本文对饲料样品稀释液进行了优化。根据3倍信噪比的峰响应值,本方法玉米赤霉烯酮的检出限为4.5 μg/kg,定量限为15.0 μg/kg,在10~500 ng/mL范围内线性关系良好,相关系数（R2）为0.99993。玉米赤霉烯酮在鸡饲料和猪饲料样品中的加标回收率为92.6%~112.9%,相对标准偏差为1.0%~8.8%。对同一饲料基质进行连续4天同一浓度的加标实验,回收率为97.0%~98.9%,日间精密度在5.7%~5.9%。使用本方法与免疫亲和柱法进行比较,检测了19种饲料样品,t检验显示本方法与免疫亲和柱法无显著性差异。免疫磁珠自动净化法可同时净化24个样品,无需人员手动操作,减少实验误差,提高检测效率,满足饲料中玉米赤霉烯酮的日常检测要求。     

原料乳中玉米赤霉烯酮胶体金免疫试纸条检测方法的建立

采用柠檬酸三钠法合成胶体金,与抗玉米赤霉烯酮单抗(ZEA-m Ab)制成抗体-胶体金标记物,包被于胶体金结合垫上。玉米赤霉烯酮半抗原和蛋白的偶联物(ZEA-BSA)和羊抗鼠Ig G分别喷涂于硝酸纤维素膜作为检测线(T线)和质控线(C线),建立原料乳中玉米赤霉烯酮(ZEA)的胶体金免疫试纸条检测法。结果显示,试纸条的灵敏度为30n g/m L,与其他毒素无交叉反应,10 min内即可肉眼观察结果。检测添加有玉米赤霉烯酮的原料乳样品,该试纸条的检测限为50 ng/m L。方法可用于原料乳中玉米赤霉烯酮的快速检测。     

免疫磁珠高通量自动净化-超高效液相色谱法测定粮食中玉米赤霉烯酮

基于免疫磁珠高通量自动净化的前处理方法,使用超高效液相色谱仪对粮食中玉米赤霉烯酮的含量进行测定。首先将免疫磁珠与玉米赤霉烯酮的反应时间、样品提取液和不同粮食基质的净化效果进行优化。经方法验证,超高效液相色谱的检出限和定量限分别为3.5 μg/kg和12.0 μg/kg。在优化条件下,全麦粉和玉米全粉阴性样品的3 个添加水平的加标回收率在99.04%～109.26%之间,变异系数不大于6.88%。玉米全粉、全麦粉、糙米粉、小麦粉等粮食基质中玉米赤霉烯酮成分的国家有证标准物质或质控样品的测定结果在标准值及其扩展不确定度范围内,变异系数不大于3.54%,测定结果较为满意。采用Bland-Altman法对免疫磁珠净化法和免疫亲和柱净化法之间的差异进行分析,结果显示这2 种净化方法的差异在可接受范围内,因此,这2 种方法在净化和富集粮食中玉米赤霉烯酮时可互相代替使用。免疫磁珠净化方法配套使用的真菌毒素全自动净化仪可同时净化10～24 个样品,平均每个样品的净化时间约为2～3 min,实现粮食中玉米赤霉烯酮的高通量自动净化。超高效液相色谱分析速度快、灵敏度高、准确性高,可用于检测粮食中玉米赤霉烯酮的含量。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press