竹荪水提物抗氧化及改善秀丽隐杆线虫脂质代谢作用

以1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼（1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl,DPPH）自由基、羟自由基与2,2’-联氨-双(3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸)（2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonate),ABTS）阳离子自由基清除能力3 个指标评价竹荪水提物的体外抗氧化能力;以秀丽隐杆线虫（简称线虫）为模型,观察低、中、高剂量（0.25、0.5、1.0 mg/mL）的竹荪水提物对线虫氧化应激与热应激的影响,采用油红O染色法,研究不同质量浓度竹荪水提物对线虫体内脂肪沉积的影响,同时测定了线虫体内甘油三酯浓度和脂肪代谢相关基因的表达水平。结果发现,竹荪水提物对DPPH、羟自由基和ABTS阳离子自由基的半抑制质量浓度分别为2.36、1.44、0.86 mg/mL,显著提高了线虫的抗氧化能力,其中高剂量组使氧化应激和热应激状态下线虫的平均寿命分别延长了54.6%（P＜0.01）和19.8%（P＜0.05）;与空白组相比,竹荪水提物高剂量组线虫体内的脂质沉积水平和甘油三酯浓度分别极显著减少了57.0%和40.5%（P＜0.01）,其机制可能是竹荪水提物诱导mod-1、daf-1、fat-7、acs-2、daf-16和mdt-15基因表达水平的下调,以及诱导daf-2、sbp-1、nhr-49、fat-5和fat-6基因表达水平的上调,从而改善线虫脂质代谢。结果表明,竹荪水提物具有抗氧化和改善脂质代谢的功能特性。     

紫薯提取物对秀丽隐杆线虫抗氧化作用的影响

目的:以秀丽隐杆线虫为对象,研究紫薯提取物(purple sweet potato extract,PSPE)抗氧化作用及其可能的作用机制。方法:将秀丽隐杆线虫饲喂于含有不同质量浓度(70、140、280μg/mL)PSPE的线虫生长培养基,研究PSPE对线虫寿命、抗氧化酶活力以及相关基因表达水平、急性氧化应激的影响。结果:PSPE能明显延长秀丽隐杆线虫的寿命,提高超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化氢酶活力,上调daf-16、ctl-1、sod-3、sir-2.1基因表达水平,下调age-1、daf-2基因表达水平,同时延长在H_2O_2、胡桃醌及百草枯氧化应激的存活时间。结论:PSPE能够有效延缓秀丽隐杆线虫的衰老、抑制脂褐素累积、提高抗氧化酶活力及抗氧化基因表达水平,增强对H_2O_2、胡桃醌及百草枯急性氧化应激的抵抗能力。     

姜黄素对秀丽隐杆线虫降脂及抗氧化保护作用

本文研究姜黄素对秀丽隐杆线虫的降脂及抗氧化作用。将L1期秀丽隐杆线虫暴露于不同浓度姜黄素（12.5、25、50和100μmol/L）48 h后,以油红O染色线虫肠道脂肪,检测线虫体内甘油三酯的含量变化,同时测定线虫体内总超氧化物歧化酶活力（T-SOD）和丙二醛（MDA）含量的变化。结果表明,与二甲基亚砜（DMSO）对照组相比,姜黄素浓度在25μmol/L以上显著降低线虫肠道脂肪（p<0.05）,姜黄素浓度在50μmol/L以上降低线虫肠道脂肪作用极显著（p<0.01）,随着姜黄素浓度升高,线虫肠道脂肪含量逐渐降低。姜黄素浓度在25μmol/L以上极显著降低线虫体内甘油三酯和MDA含量（p<0.01）。黄素浓度在50μmol/L以上极显著提高线虫体内T-SOD酶活力（p<0.01）。综上所述,姜黄素浓度在25μmol/L以上对线虫具有降脂及抗氧化保护作用。      

维生素C通过胰岛素信号通路增强秀丽隐杆线虫抗氧化作用

目的:利用秀丽隐杆线虫为模式生物,研究维生素C在秀丽隐杆线虫体内的抗氧化效应及其机制.方法:分别以含有0.05、0.25、0.5 mg/mL维生素C的NGM培养基饲养秀丽隐杆线虫,测定不同浓度维生素C饲养线虫体内超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)的含量,同时检测0.25 mg/mL的维生素C饲养线虫age-...     

鹿鞭醇提物对秀丽隐杆线虫衰老的影响

目的:本文采用秀丽隐杆线虫衰老模型,研究了梅花鹿鞭醇提物（HC）和马鹿鞭醇提物（MC）的抗衰老活性差异及其作用机制,旨在为鹿鞭药材作为医药、保健品开发提供参考依据。方法:给予秀丽隐杆线虫鹿鞭提取物（0.5、1.0、2.0 mg/mL）,测定了花鹿鞭和马鹿鞭醇提物对秀丽隐杆线虫寿命、吐咽能力、运动能力、生殖能力及应激抵御能力以及线虫体内的抗氧化酶活力和丙二醛（MDA）水平的影响,探讨了鹿鞭醇提物的抗衰老作用。结果:与空白组相比,2种鹿鞭在0.5、1.0 mg/mL时显著提高线虫寿命值（P<0.05）,2.0 mg/mL时可极显著提高线虫的寿命值（P<0.01）且不影响生殖能力,显著提高线虫的吐咽、运动能力;对热应激和氧化应激具有显著的防御效果且降低ROS水平;在2.0 mg/mL水平,HC组的各项指标检测结果均显著强于MC。HC组线虫平均寿命为19.98±1.26 d,显著高于MC组的17.26±1.34 d;对热应激和氧化应激,HC组线虫的平均生存时间分别提高44.78%、41.04%,显著高于MC组25.71%、31.45%;运动测试结果显示,在第8 d,HC组运动A状态线虫提升29%,较MC高8.3%;HC使线虫ROS水平降低程度强于MC组;测定显示,HC与MC对线虫的生殖和吐咽能力影响无显著差异。结论:与空白组相比,2种鹿鞭醇提物均可抑制线虫体内ROS累积,增强对高温、百草枯急性氧化应激的抵抗能力、提高抗氧化酶活力,进而延长线虫寿命,具有抗衰老作用,而HC的活性强于MC。     

不同几何构型虾青素的体外抗氧化作用及对秀丽隐杆线虫氧化应激的保护作用

本研究以全反式、9-顺式和13-顺式虾青素为研究对象,采用体内外相结合的方法,揭示不同几何构型虾青素的抗氧化作用和对氧化应激损伤的影响。结果表明：在清除1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼自由基方面,3?种不同几何构型虾青素之间均没有显著差异（P＞0.05）;在清除2,2’-联氮-双-3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸自由基方面,9-顺式虾青素显著强于13-顺式和全反式虾青素（P＜0.05）;在氧化自由基吸收能力方面,9-顺式虾青素显著高于13-顺式虾青素（P＜0.05）,13-顺式虾青素和全反式虾青素之间没有显著差异（P＞0.05）;在二氯百草枯诱导的氧化应激条件下,3?种几何构型虾青素均能显著提高秀丽隐杆线虫的存活率（P＜0.05）,但它们之间无显著差异（P＞0.05）;与对照组相比,9-顺式和全反式虾青素显著降低线虫体内活性氧的积累量（P＜0.05）,分别下降56.05%和15.07%,9-顺式虾青素处理组与13-顺式虾青素处理组、全反式虾青素处理组均有显著性差异（P＜0.05）。因此,3?种几何构型虾青素均具有体外抗氧化作用和对氧化应激损伤的保护作用,9-顺式虾青素的活性优于全反式和13-顺式虾青素。     

铁皮石斛水提物通过激活SKN-1转录因子延长秀丽隐杆线虫寿命作用及机制研究

目的 观察铁皮石斛水提物(Dendrobiumofficinalewaterextract,DOWE)延长秀丽隐杆线虫(Caenorhabditis elegans, C. elegans)寿命作用及可能机制。方法 将野生型(N2)线虫随机分为对照组、DOWE组[高剂量组(1000μg/mL)、中剂量组(500μg/mL)、低剂量组(250μg/mL)],观察DOWE冻干粉(最终生药量0.0376 g/g)对N2线虫寿命、运动和咽泵能力的影响;通过检测氧化应激、热应激能力评估DOWE对N2线虫应激能力的影响,检测活性氧(reactive oxygen species, ROS)、过氧化氢酶(catalase, CAT)、抗氧化基因等指标评价DOWE对N2线虫抗氧化能力的影响;通过转基因线虫(LD1、CL2166)核转位情况及SKN-1转录因子相关基因表达情况来探究其在DOWE延长N2线虫寿命中的作用;通过转基因线虫(LG348、LG357)荧光表达情况来探究DOWE延长N2线虫寿命所依赖的SKN-1转录因子类型;通过检测有丝分裂原激活蛋白激酶(p38mitogen activated ...     

发酵祛湿汤体外抗氧化活性及对秀丽隐杆线虫抗衰老作用

利用自由基清除能力评价发酵祛湿汤（Fermented Qushi Decoction,FQD）的体外抗氧化活性;结果显示,与未发酵祛湿汤（Qushi Decoction,QD）相比,高剂量FQD组的总抗氧化能力显著提高,其中1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼自由基清除率、羟自由基清除率和总还原能力分别提高了24.38%、11.98%、11.76%。FQD对线虫总产卵量无显著影响,并能促进线虫的运动;与QD相比,FQD干预后线虫平均寿命延长了8.02%～26.36%;在热应激条件下,FQD组最长存活时间提高了25%,在氧化应激下,FQD组线虫的生存时间较QD提高了16.67%。此外,FQD作用后,线虫体内抗氧化酶活性显著增强（P<0.05）,脂褐质的堆积水平降低。综上,FQD通过提高体外抗氧化能力,延长线虫寿命,提升抵抗应激能力和抗氧化酶活性来延缓线虫的抗衰老作用。该研究初步表明发酵祛湿汤具有抗衰老作用,为保健品开发和利用提供理论基础。     

赤芍多糖延缓秀丽隐杆线虫衰老的作用及机制研究

目的 基于模式生物秀丽隐杆线虫(简称线虫)探究赤芍多糖延缓衰老的作用。方法 将线虫随机分为空白组和不同质量浓度的赤芍多糖组(100、200、400μg/mL),观察赤芍多糖对线虫寿命、运动能力和应激能力的影响,测定线虫体内脂褐素、丙二醛(malondialdehyde, MDA)、活性氧(reactive oxygen species, ROS)的含量以及相关抗氧化酶的活力,分析赤芍多糖对线虫体内抗氧化能力的影响;运用实时荧光定量酶链式反应技术检测赤芍多糖对线虫衰老相关基因mRNA表达的影响。结果 与空白组相比,赤芍多糖高剂量组(400μg/mL)能够显著延长线虫寿命,增强线虫运动能力和应激能力,明显降低线虫体内脂褐素、MDA、ROS的含量,显著提高过氧化氢酶(catalase,CAT)和超氧化物歧化酶(superoxidedismutase,SOD)活力;同时,赤芍多糖能够显著上调daf-16、skn-1、sod-3 mRNA的表达,下调daf-2、age-1 mRNA的表达。结论 赤芍多糖能够通过提高线虫应激能力、增强抗氧化酶活力以及调控胰岛素/类胰岛素生长因子信号通路(IIS)相...     

芫荽提取物对秀丽隐杆线虫体内抗氧化活性的初步探究

以南京高淳产芫荽为实验材料,研究其籽和成熟茎叶水提物对秀丽隐杆线虫体内活性氧的清除作用及对百草枯诱导秀丽隐杆线虫氧化应激损伤的保护作用,并揭示其作用机制。结果表明两种水提物均能够显著降低秀丽隐杆线虫体内活性氧水平(P<0.05),呈现剂量-效应关系;在百草枯引起的急性氧化测定中,两种水提物均可显著提高秀丽隐杆线虫氧应激状态下的生存率,但芫荽茎叶水提物的最低有效浓度为1 mg/mL,而芫荽籽水提物的最低有效浓度为0.1 mg/mL;实时荧光定量PCR结果说明,两种水提物可显著影响氧化衰老有关的ⅡS信号通路上daf-2和daf-16的基因表达量。因此,芫荽提取物对秀丽隐杆线虫起到了较好的体内抗氧化效果。     

辣椒籽提取物抗氧化活性研究

用不同溶剂提取辣椒籽中的抗氧化物质,从还原能力、抗脂质体氧化和对Fenton体系产生的羟自由基的清除效果等方面对辣椒籽提取物的抗氧化活性进行了试验研究和评价。结果表明:辣椒籽提取物具有较强的还原能力,对脂质体氧化、Fenton反应产生的羟自由基均具有抑制作用或消除作用,优于同浓度的Vc和VE的效果或基本相当,这表明辣椒籽提取物是一种优良的天然抗氧化剂和自由基消除剂,而且不同溶剂的辣椒籽提取物的抗氧化作用效果不同,其中脱脂甲醇提取物>甲醇提取物>脱脂水提取物>Vc>石油醚提取物>VE。     

Cytoprotective effect of white tea against H2O2-induced oxidative stress in vitro

The protective effect of water extracts of white tea (WEWT) on oxidative stress in vitro is investigated. WEWT, like water extracts of green tea (WEGT) and water extracts of Pu-erh tea (WEPT), demonstrates a marked inhibition of the oxidation of liposome, albumin and LDLmodel systems. WEWT protects against H₂O₂-induced cytotoxicity, in a dose-dependent manner. The inhibition of ROS generation and MDA formation by WEWT in H₂O₂-induced Clone 9 cells parallels the effects on cell viability. Moreover, GSH and antioxidant enzymes may play an important role in the protective effect that is associated with H₂O₂-induced oxidative stress. The HPLC-DAD and HPLC–MS/MS analysis, shows that sixteen bioactive compounds are present in WEWT, which may partially account for its protective effect against oxidative insult. These results suggest that the mechanism of the protective actions of WEWT is related to its antioxidant potential and the maintenance of the normal redox status of the cell.     

辣椒籽提取物对水分散性辣椒红素的抗氧化作用

用不同溶剂提取的辣椒籽提取物,添加到水分散性辣椒红素溶液中,通过分光光度法比色测定色素溶液吸光度A的变化值,结果表明:辣椒籽提取物对水分散性辣椒红素有明显的抗氧化作用;不同辣椒品种及不同溶剂提取的辣椒籽提取物的护色效果存在明显差异。     

Phenolic content and antioxidative capacity of green and white tea extracts depending on extraction conditions and the solvent used

The efficiencies of different solvents in the extraction of phenolics from bagged and loose leaves of white and green tea, after different extraction times, as well as the antioxidative capacity of the obtained extracts, were investigated. The developed HPLC method has the potential to separate and determinate 17 phenolics widely distributed in plants, but in investigated tea extracts only four catechins and traces of three flavonols and one flavone were separated and detected based on comparison with authentic standards. The extraction efficiency of phenolics depended strongly on the time of extraction and the solvents used. The extraction of catechins from green tea was significantly affected by the form (bagged or loose) of the tea, whereas this effect was shown not to be statistically significant for white tea. Green tea was a richer source of phenolics than was white tea. The extraction of phenolics from white tea by water could be accelerated by the addition of lemon juice. Aqueous ethanol (40%) was most effective in the prolonged extraction of catechins. The antioxidative capacity of the investigated tea extracts correlated with their phenolic content.     

黄芥籽粕中多酚超声辅助提取工艺优化及其抑菌活性

以多酚提取率为指标,采用单因素分析结合正交实验的方法,优化了黄芥籽粕中多酚超声辅助提取工艺,并对所提多酚的抑菌活性进行了初步研究。结果表明,黄芥籽粕中多酚超声辅助提取的最佳工艺条件为:以体积分数60%的乙醇为提取剂,料液比1∶20,超声功率240 W,提取温度50℃,提取时间50min。在最佳工艺条件下,多酚提取率为1.172%。黄芥籽粕多酚对金黄色葡萄球菌、枯草芽孢杆菌和大肠杆菌均有一定的抑制作用,表明黄芥籽粕多酚具有一定的抑菌活性。     

Protective effect of white tea extract against acute oxidative injury caused by adriamycin in different tissues

Adriamycin (ADR) is an anticancer agent that increases oxidative stress in cells. We evaluated the protective effect of the long term consumption of white tea at two different doses against this drug. For this purpose rats were given distilled water (controls), 0.15 mg (Dose 1) or 0.45 mg (Dose 2) of solid tea extract/kg body weight for 12 months. All the animals received an injection of ADR, except half of the control group, which were given an injection of saline solution. This gave four experimental groups: Control (C), C + ADR, Dose 1 + ADR, and Dose 2 + ADR. The antioxidant activity (in liver, heart and brain microsomes) was analysed. White tea consumption for 12 months, at a non-pharmacological dose, reversed the oxidative damage caused by ADR, on both protein and lipid levels in all three organs. The heart recovered its antioxidant activity only at the highest dose of tea.     

植物提取物抗运动性疲劳作用的研究进展

运动性疲劳是人体脑力和体力持续活动到一定阶段时出现的一种生理现象,表现为机体生理过程不能维续其机能在特定水平上和(或)不能维持预定的运动强度。持续性的运动疲劳极易诱发运动损伤,从而给运动员或长期运动者的身体和运动表现能力带来隐患。因此,如何有效预防运动性疲劳的发生,以及如何有效恢复运动性疲劳是当前需要重点考虑的问题。近年研究表明,植物提取物在人体抗疲劳的预防和消除中有着十分重要的作用。故本文结合近些年国内外关于植物提取物的研究,综述了常见的多种植物类提取物如：多酚类、生物碱类、皂苷类、多糖类等在人体抗疲劳中的作用,及其对人体不同疲劳部位(外周疲劳、神经中枢疲劳)的抗疲劳作用机制,以期为研发新型抗运动疲劳功能产品遴选绿色、有效、安全的食源性活性成分提供一定的理论指导依据。     

The effect of heating and fermenting on antioxidant properties of white cabbage

It is widely believed that natural antioxidants found in food are significantly lost during processing. Nevertheless, it was recently demonstrated that processed fruits and vegetables may retain their antioxidant activity. In the present work, the changes in the overall antioxidant properties as a consequence of fermentation of cabbage and/or heat treatment of cabbage juices and extracts were studied. Fermentation processes as well as heat treatment increased the initial values of antioxidant activity. While a decrease in the antioxidant potential of sauerkraut juice was found for short heat treatments, a partial recovery of these properties was observed by prolonging heating periods. The TLC analysis showed that during fermentation and thermal processes, some substances with reactivity towards Folin–Ciocalteu reagent, hence with possible antioxidant activity, were released. We demonstrated that in contrast to common expectation, typical culinary processing of cabbage increases its antioxidant potency. The gain in antioxidant activity of heated samples coincided with the formation of both F–C reagent reactive compounds as well as brown early Maillard reaction products. This information may encourage the consumption of heat processed cabbage, especially that the release of antioxidants during heating may prevent oxidation of other food components, e.g. fats.     

Bolus ingestion of white and green tea increases the concentration of several flavan‐3‐ols in plasma,but does not affect markers of oxidative stress in healthy non‐smokers

White tea (WT) is rich in flavan‐3‐ols as green tea (GT) and might provide health protective effects due to the strong antioxidant properties of flavan‐3‐ols. Since intervention studies with WT are lacking, we evaluated the effects of WT consumption on antioxidant status, antioxidant capacity and biomarkers of oxidative stress compared to water and GT. After an overnight fast, 70 healthy non‐smokers were randomized to consume 600 mL of WT, GT or water (control). Plasma (epi‐)catechin and epi(gallo)catechingallate, antioxidant capacity (Folin assay, trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity test), 8‐iso‐prostaglandin F_2α, ascorbic acid and uric acid were determined before and several times within 8 h after consumption. DNA strand breaks were measured in vivo and ex vivo (H₂O₂ stimulation) in leukocytes. Plasma flavan‐3‐ols significantly increased after WT and GT ingestion. Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity was lower after 5 h in controls versus WT (p=0.031) and GT (p=0.005). Folin‐Ciocalteu reducing capacity, ascorbic and uric acid as well as markers of oxidative stress (8‐iso‐prostaglandin‐F_2α, DNA strand breaks) were not affected by the beverages. A short‐term increase of catechins does not change plasma antioxidant capacity in healthy subjects. Conclusions with respect to health protective effects of WT and GT on the basis of these biomarkers can, thus, not be drawn.