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We hypothesized that subcutaneous (s.c.) adipose tissue would differ in monounsaturated (MUFA) and saturated fatty acid (SFA) composition among different depots throughout a beef carcass. To test this, 50 carcasses from a variety of breed types and backgrounds were sampled. External fat samples were collected from eight different carcass locations: round, sirloin, loin, rib, chuck, brisket, plate and flank. The brisket was significantly lower (P = 0.001) in palmitic (16:0) and stearic (18:0) acid than the other seven sampling sites. The brisket contained the highest concentration of MUFA (P = 0.001) and the lowest concentration of trans-vaccenic acid (P = 0.002) and SFA (P 0.002). There was a high, negative correlation between palmitoleic and stearic acid (R2 = 0.76). The flank had the highest slip point (39 °C; a measure of melting point), whereas the brisket had the lowest slip point (25 °C) (P 0.001). We conclude that substantial differences exist in fatty acid composition across fat depots, which may be useful in formulating value-added processed beef products. 相似文献
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综述脂溶性维生素抗炎、抗氧化等生物活性对糖尿病、骨质疏松、慢性肾脏病等慢性疾病治疗作用的研究进展。 相似文献
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Thirty 45-day-old male Ojalada lambs were used to investigate the effect of palm oil (as such or in the form of calcium soap) on carcass characteristics and fat composition. Dietary palm oil did not significantly affect dorsal fat thickness, carcass fatness or carcass conformation. The palm oil supplement did not affect C16:0 levels in intramuscular and subcutaneous fat, but did increase the percentage of C16:0 and reduce PUFA and MUFA content in internal fat depots. Supplementation with palm oil in the form of calcium soap did not cause significant differences in the composition of intramuscular fat. Subcutaneous and perirenal fat of lambs fed treatments including palm oil as such contained higher levels of some saturated fatty acids than that of those fed fat in the form of calcium soap. Mesenteric fat of lambs that received calcium soap had less % C18:1 and more % C18:3 than that of those given palm oil. 相似文献
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NIRS potential to estimate the proportion of PUFA and their biohydrogenation products in adipose tissues from cattle fed sunflower or flaxseed was tested. Immediately after skinning, perirenal and subcutaneous fat samples from 63 steers were collected, scanned intact at 37 °C and 33 °C, respectively, over a NIR spectral range from 400 to 2498 nm using benchtop equipment and then analyzed for fatty acid composition. NIRS calibrations in perirenal fat showed high predictability for total and major omega − 6 and omega − 3, conjugated linolenic acids, t,t-conjugated linoleic acids (CLA), non-CLA dienes and trans-monounsaturated fatty acids, with R2 (RMSECV, %) of 0.88–0.89 (0.16–0.20), 0.89–0.91 (0.07–0.08), 0.86–0.89 (0.01–0.09), 0.82 (0.07), 0.89 (0.46) and 0.86–0.88 (0.87–1.29), respectively. NIRS predictions in subcutaneous fat were less reliable, probably due to lower fatty acid variability. The results show NIRS to be a useful technique for the early, fast and relatively inexpensive estimation of proportions of fatty acids with potential human health effects in cattle perirenal fat. 相似文献
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Moussa M Gouranton E Gleize B Yazidi CE Niot I Besnard P Borel P Landrier JF 《Molecular nutrition & food research》2011,55(4):578-584
Scope: Carotenoids are mainly stored in adipose tissue. However, nothing is known regarding the uptake of carotenoids by adipocytes. Thus, our study explored the mechanism by which lycopene and lutein, two major human plasma carotenoids, are transported. Methods and results: CD36 was a putative candidate for this uptake, 3T3‐L1 cells were treated with sulfosuccinimidyl oleate, a CD36‐specific inhibitor. sulfosuccinimidyl oleate‐treated cells showed a significant decrease in both lycopene and lutein uptake as compared to control cells. Their uptake was also decreased by partial inhibition of CD36 expression using siRNA, whereas the overexpression of CD36 in Cos‐1 cells increased their uptake. Finally, the effect of CD36 on carotenoid uptake was confirmed ex vivo in cultures of adipose tissue explants from CD36?/? mice, which exhibited reduced carotenoid uptake as compared to wild‐type mice explants. Conclusion: For the first time, we report the involvement of a transporter, CD36, in carotenoid uptake by adipocytes and adipose tissue. 相似文献
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Shan Xiao Wangang Zhang Yong Yang Changwei Ma Dong U. Ahn Xiang Li Jiankun Lei Min Du 《Food chemistry》2010
Changes in adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) and hormone-sensitive lipases (HSL) in subcutaneous adipose tissue of Xuanwei ham at different ripening stages were studied. Green hams were salted for 40 d and then ripened in a ventilated chamber for 15 months. 相似文献
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Frances M. Whittington Nicola J. Prescott Jeffrey D. Wood Michael Enser 《Journal of the science of food and agriculture》1986,37(8):753-761
Three groups of 15 female pigs were fed diets containing 0.8%, 1.1%, or 1.8% linoleic acid from 20 to 35 kg followed by 1.0%, 1.2% or 1.4% linoleic acid respectively from 35 kg to slaughter at 85 kg live-weight. Pigs grew at similar rates on all three diets and had similar proportions of carcass fat. The mean proportions of linoleic acid in the backfat lipids were 8.6%, 11.0%, and 13.9% respectively as the amount of the diet increased. There was a significant correlation between the concentration of linoleic acid in the inner backfat lipid and P2 backfat thickness for those animals on the high and medium linoleic acid diets but not for those on the low diet. Backfat from pigs fed the high linoleic acid diet was softer than that from the other two groups of pigs which could not be distinguished using the subjective finger probe method. Using a mechanical probe backfat consistency was distinguished between all three groups and was inversely correlated (r=?0.775, P<0.001) with the concentration of linoleic acid in the lipid. However, none of the pigs had fat which was too soft for bacon production based on either consistency data or linoleic acid content. If 15% linoleic acid is taken to be the maximum acceptable in bacon, then extrapolation of the regression of linoleic acid concentration on backfat thickness suggested that only the 1.4% linoleic acid diet is likely to result in unacceptably soft fat as pigs become leaner. However, this high concentration, although frequently present in current feeds, is not necessary since it is twice that recommended for normal growth and development of pigs. 相似文献
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During the last decade, the traditional notion that green tea consumption benefits health has received significant scientific attention and, particularly, the areas of cardiovascular disease and cancer were subject to numerous studies. Due to the ever-growing obesity pandemic, the anti-obesity effects of green tea are being increasingly investigated in cell, animal, and human studies. Green tea, green tea catechins, and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) have been demonstrated in cell culture and animal models of obesity to reduce adipocyte differentiation and proliferation, lipogenesis, fat mass, body weight, fat absorption, plasma levels of triglycerides, free fatty acids, cholesterol, glucose, insulin and leptin, as well as to increase beta-oxidation and thermogenesis. Adipose tissue, liver, intestine, and skeletal muscle are target organs of green tea, mediating its anti-obesity effects. Studies conducted with human subjects report reduced body weight and body fat, as well as increased fat oxidation and thermogenesis and thereby confirm findings in cell culture systems and animal models of obesity. There is still a need for well-designed and controlled clinical studies to validate the existing and encouraging human studies. Since EGCG is regarded as the most active component of green tea, its specific effects on obesity should also be investigated in human trials. 相似文献
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Chung KY Lunt DK Choi CB Chae SH Rhoades RD Adams TH Booren B Smith SB 《Meat science》2006,73(3):432-441
We hypothesized that the concentrations of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) and cholesterol of adipose tissue and M. longissimus thoracis would not differ between Angus and American Wagyu steers when fed to a typical US live weight, but would diverge when fed to a Japanese live weight. To test this, 8 steers of each breed type were assigned to a high-energy, corn-based diet, and another 8 steers of each breed type were fed coastal bermuda grass hay diet, supplemented with the corn-based diet to achieve a daily gain of 0.9 kg/d. Targeted final body weights were 525 kg for steers fed for 8 or 12 mo the corn- or hay-based diets, respectively, and were 650 kg for steers fed for 16 or 20 mo the corn- or hay-based diets. Digesta concentrations of stearic (18:0) and trans-vaccenic acid decreased, whereas linoleic acid (18:2n-6) increased between the US and Japanese endpoints (all P ? 0.03). α-Linolenic acid (18:3n-3) increased in digesta only in the hay-fed steers during this time. Plasma concentrations of palmitic (16:0) and palmitoleic acid (16:1n-7), and the 16:1:18:0 ratio, were higher in Angus steers than in Wagyu steers. Also, the plasma 16:1:18:0 ratio was decreased by hay feeding in Angus steers, but increased in Wagyu steers, when fed to the Japanese endpoint. Concentrations of oleic (18:1n-9), linoleic, α-linolenic, and 18:2trans-10,cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid all were higher in Wagyu than in Angus subcutaneous (s.c.) adipose tissue, whereas myristic (14:0) and palmitic acid were higher in Angus s.c. adipose tissue (P ? 0.05). All MUFA increased, and saturated fatty acids decreased, between the US and Japanese endpoints. Slip points of lipids in s.c. adipose tissue were over 10 °C lower (P = 0.01) in Japanese-endpoint steers than in US endpoint steers, consistent with the overall increase in MUFA with time on feed. The concentration of cholesterol in the M. longissimus thoracis increased with time, which may have been related to the increase in oleic acid. Because the breed × endpoint interaction was not significant for cholesterol or any of the adipose tissue fatty acids, we conclude that our original hypothesis was incorrect. Of the three factors tested (breed type, diet, and slaughter age endpoint), endpoint had the greatest effect on adipose tissue lipid composition. 相似文献