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研究了采用直接热加合法合成聚异丁烯丁二酰亚胺的工艺过程。将活性聚异丁烯与马来酸酐直接反应生成聚异丁烯丁二酸酐,然后再与四乙烯五胺进行胺化反应得到目的产物,过程中不使用毒性大的氯气和不安全的引发剂,使得该法安全且具有污染小、产品中氯质量浓度低于30mg.L-1等优点。实验考察了配料比、温度、聚异丁烯相对分子质量以及反应时间对产物性能的影响,确定了最佳工艺条件。 相似文献
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摘要:以对溴苯甲酸为起始原料,经酰化后生成酰氯,酰氯首先与N,O-二甲基羟胺盐酸盐反应生成酰胺,再与氯乙烯基镁反应生成α,β不饱和酮。同时正戊醛与二正丙胺反应生成烯胺。α,β不饱和酮与烯胺经迈克尔加成反应生成分子内醛酮,分子内醛酮经关环反应、乙醇重结晶可得到纯度99.5%以上的反-5-丙基-2-(4′-溴-苯基)-四氢吡喃。 相似文献
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以高活性聚异丁烯(HRPIB)和邻甲酚(o-cresol)为原料,采用Amberlyst-15催化烷基化反应合成了对聚异丁烯邻甲酚,并通过曼尼希反应制备了哌嗪胺型曼尼希碱汽油清净剂。设计正交实验考察了不同因素对烷基化反应的影响,通过FTICR-MS、NMR和FTIR等分析手段表征了产物组成及分子结构,并进行了清净性能评价。结果表明,烷基化最佳反应条件为:反应温度60℃,反应时间8 h,催化剂用量为5%,o-cresol和HRPIB摩尔比为2∶1;高温烷基化反应会导致裂解和聚合副反应增加,生成分子量100~500的裂解产物和1 200~2 000的聚合产物;Amberlyst-15与BF3两种催化剂制备的哌嗪胺型曼尼希碱清净性能相当,具有良好的清净性和分散性,沉积物下降率接近90%。 相似文献
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在由对硝基二溴苄生成对硝基三溴苄的两相反应中,首次使用了相转移催化剂,并研究了相转移催化剂苄基三乙基溴化胺的用量,反应时间与产品收率的关系,确定了适宜反应条件:相转移催化剂用量5%,反应温度40℃,反应时间2h时,对硝基三溴苄收率可达到79.3%。 相似文献
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含吸电子或供电子取代基的卤代芴包括溴代芴和碘代芴 ,利用钯催化 ,可在温和的条件下与一胺、二胺及手性胺进行C Ncoupling反应 ,生成相应的芴胺衍生物。该类化合物多为具有很强荧光的荧光染料。 相似文献
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在氯胺T存在的溶液中,溴(Br~-)与酚红发生显色反应生成紫色物质。本文介绍了笔者在此反应基础上,依据胶体吸光性质,研究以主次双波长光度法分析水中微量溴化物的情况。该方法具有灵敏度、精密度高和计算曲线较稳定等优点,适合于工业废水、高溴地下水、地面水等水体分析。 相似文献
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用高活性聚异丁烯为原料,通过双氧水氧化制备环氧聚异丁烯,然后用乙二胺胺解得到目的产物。实验研究确定了最佳的制备工艺:环氧化温度80~85℃、反应时间5~6 h;胺解温度130~150℃,反应时间6~8 h。测定了胺解反应宏观动力学方程,在乙二胺大量过量的情况下为一级连串反应,rp=k1CPIBO-k2CPIBA;k1=10.077exp(-14 192.6/RT);k2=0.888 7exp(-985 2.7/RT)。通过红外图谱对合成过程进行监控。通过车架实验测试了目的产物清净分散性,结果表明已经达到了国外同类产品的要求。 相似文献
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使用5-叔丁基-1,3-二(2-氯代异丙基)苯/四氯化钛引发体系,通过可控活性正离子聚合反应制备了含双活性链末端的聚异丁烯,再使用1,3-丁二烯封端制备具有烯丙基氯末端结构的聚异丁烯,并结合四丁基氢氧化铵存在条件下水解的方法制备了双端羟基遥爪聚异丁烯,研究了封端时间对封端反应的影响,探讨了所得聚合物的热稳定性和低温性能。结果表明,在四丁基氢氧化铵存在条件下,由含氯链末端亲核取代方式制备所得聚合物的端羟基转化率高,反应时间短,原料便宜易得且制备工艺简便,所得产物的热稳定性及低温性能优良。 相似文献
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The Alder ene functionalization reaction of double bonds containing macromolecules such as polyisobutene oligomer (PIB) and a styrene-butadiene-styrene triblock copolymer (SBS) samples with maleic anhydride (MAH) or diethyl maleate (DEM) as enophiles is described. The analysis of the products by means of different techniques assesses the addition of the polar molecules to the reactive vinylidene units of the polymer with functional degrees (FD) depending on the type of enophile and polymer reactivity. The role of the reaction conditions and the use as Lewis acids as catalysts are discussed in terms of their influence on the addition reaction extent and on the polymer molecular weight. 相似文献
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A polyisobutene rubber was modified by grafting succinic anhydride onto its end groups and has been used as a toughening agent for an unsaturated polyester resin. Both the functionalization and the successive reaction between the modified rubber and the polyester was investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The yield behavior of the cured resins was studied by compression measurements, while the fracture properties were determined at low and high strain rate. A morphological analysis of the investigated blends has been carried out by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). A considerable enhancement of tougheness has been achieved when the modified rubber was used in place of the plain polyisobutene. The effect was found to depend on the grafting degree of the rubber and on the time period during which the two-component mixture was allowed to react prior to the curing process. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 相似文献
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以乙二胺四乙酸、环氧氯丙烷和十二烷基-N,N-二甲基叔胺为原料合成双子(Gemini)型阳离子表面活性剂乙二胺四乙酸四酯季胺盐。研究了两种合成方法:一是乙二胺四乙酸先与环氧氯丙烷反应,生成的酯化产物再和十二烷基-N,N-二甲基叔胺反应生成产物乙二胺四乙酸四酯季胺盐;二是先将乙二胺四乙酸加入十二烷基-N,N-二甲基叔胺中,进行Lewis酸碱反应,乙二胺四乙酸负离子与产生的季铵盐结合为离子对,再加入环氧氯丙烷从而生成产物乙二胺四乙酸四酯季胺盐。研究了乙二胺四乙酸与环氧氯丙烷的摩尔比对合成过程及产物性能的影响,并测试了相关性能。产品显示了良好的发泡性和稳定性。 相似文献
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Wensong Han 《Polymer Composites》2013,34(2):156-163
The second‐generation poly(ester amine) dendrimer was prepared by Michael addition reaction and esterification reaction at first. Then, a series of novel waterborne polyurethane (WPU)‐based composites were prepared by the addition of poly(ester amine) dendrimer into the WPU. The structures and the morphology of the WPU composites were measured with Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, scanning electron microscopy, and X‐ray diffraction. SEM images revealed that the nanosilica was well dispersed in the WPU matrix. The mechanical properties of the WPU composites were improved with the addition of poly (ester amine) dendrimer. The dynamic mechanical thermal analysis results showed that the WPU composites had higher glass transition temperature than that of pure WPU, especially after incorporation of poly(ester amine) dendrimer. This conclusion is in good agreement with the differential scanning calorimetry results. The thermal properties of the pure WPU and its composites were investigated by thermogravimetric analysis. The results showed that the initial decompose temperature began from about 250°C, and had a little increase when introducing poly(ester amine) dendrimer into the WPU matrix. POLYM. COMPOS., 2012. © 2013 Society of Plastics Engineers 相似文献
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在许多不对称有机反应中,手性伯胺催化剂已被证实是一种高效的催化剂,被广泛应用于各种Michael加成反应中。Michel加成是有机合成中构建碳一碳键的重要反应之一,本文综述了近年来手性伯胺催化剂在Michael加成反应中的研究新进展。 相似文献
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正己烷—二氯甲烷溶剂配比对BF3引发体系聚异丁烷分子量及结构影响的研究 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4
研究了正己烷-二氯甲烷溶剂配比对BF3引发体系的聚异丁烯分子量及分子量分布、低分子物含量的影响,给出了BF3引发体系聚异丁烯及A1C13引发体系聚异丁烯的红外光谱及紫外光谱. 相似文献
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