共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 93 毫秒
1.
Linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS) an ingredient of many household and industrial detergents can reach the environment after
disposal of raw sewage. Its correct detection and quantification in different environmental samples is a critical issue for
evaluating its environmental fate. This paper outlines a validation of an entire analytical procedure of LAS in environmental
samples, including extraction, pre-concentration and HPLC detection and quantification with fluorescence detection.
相似文献
C. BengoecheaEmail: Email: |
2.
New stable silayl cationic surfactants have been studied for the destruction of toxic organophosphorus pesticides. Hexadecyl,
dodecyl trimethyl silane ammonium chloride or iodide surfactants were synthesized and evaluated in the degradation of pesticides
such as Diazinon, Malathion or Chlorpyrifos. The hydrolytic efficiency of each surfactant was tested by measuring the kinetics
of model substrates cleavage under a pseudo-first order reaction. The iodo silayl based surfactants showed more destructive
power than the chloro derivatives. Meanwhile, the hexadecyl moiety showed more effective pesticide degradation than the corresponding
dodecyl moiety.
相似文献
Abdelfattah M. Badawi (Corresponding author)Email: |
Sahar M. AhmedEmail: |
3.
Abdolraouf Samadi-Maybodi Naser Goudarzi Christopher W. Kirby Yining Huang 《Journal of surfactants and detergents》2008,11(1):49-54
Silicate anions were studied using 29Si NMR to investigate the structure-directing effect of a surfactant (sodium dodecylsulfate-SDS) on the distribution of silicate
species present in alkaline silicate solutions. The distribution of the anions in the presence of polyelectrolytes was also
investigated by 29Si NMR through the use of different bases including tetramethyl ammonium hydroxide (TMAOH) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH). Both
SDS and the polyelectrolytic solutions were shown to stabilize low molecular weight silicate species and thus inhibit polymerization.
相似文献
Abdolraouf Samadi-MaybodiEmail: |
4.
Daisuke Saio Toru Amaya Toshikazu Hirao 《Journal of Inorganic and Organometallic Polymers and Materials》2009,19(1):79-84
Polyaniline/Pd nanoparticles were synthesized via ligand exchange. Pre-prepared water soluble starch/Pd nanoparticles were
treated with polyaniline, and washed with water, leading to the small and well-dispersed polyaniline/Pd nanoparticles. The
redox state of polyaniline was preserved during the ligand exchange reaction.
相似文献
Toshikazu HiraoEmail: |
5.
Application of manure to no-till soils: phosphorus losses by sub-surface and surface pathways 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Peter J. A. Kleinman Andrew N. Sharpley Lou S. Saporito Anthony R. Buda Ray B. Bryant 《Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems》2009,84(3):215-227
The acceleration of surface water eutrophication attributed to agricultural runoff has focused attention on manure management
in no-till. We evaluated losses of phosphorus (P) in sub-surface and surface flow as a function of dairy manure application
to no-till soils in north-central Pennsylvania. Monitoring of a perennial spring over 36 months revealed that dissolved reactive
P (DRP) concentrations increased 3- to 28-fold above background levels whenever manure was broadcast to nearby field soils.
A study conducted with 30-cm deep intact soil cores indicated that incorporation of manure by tillage lowered P loss in leachate
relative to broadcast application, presumably due to the destruction of preferential flow pathways. More P was leached from
a sandy loam than a clay loam soil, although differences between soils were not as great as differences between application
methods. In contrast, rainfall simulations on 2-m2 field runoff plots showed that total P (TP) losses in surface runoff differed significantly by soil but not by application
method. Forms of P in surface runoff did change with application method, with DRP accounting for 87 and 24% of TP from broadcast
and tilled treatments, respectively. Losses of TP in leachate from manured columns over 7 weeks (0.22–0.38 kg P ha−1) were considerably lower than losses in surface runoff from manured plots subjected to a single simulated rainfall event
(0.31–2.07 kg TP ha−1). Results confirm the near-term benefits of incorporating manure by tillage to protect groundwater quality, but suggest that
for surface water quality, avoiding soils prone to runoff is more important.
相似文献
Peter J. A. KleinmanEmail: |
6.
Yurong Jiang Zhigang Xu Jimei Luan Pingqin Liu Weihong Qiao Zongshi Li 《Journal of surfactants and detergents》2007,10(3):131-136
Three unsymmetrical bolaform surfactants with different aromatic rings and a ω-carboxyalkyl chain were synthesized and their
molecular structures were characterized by ESI–MS and 1H NMR. The percentages of conversion of alkylation were judged by the iodine value measurements and the effect of reaction
temperature on sulfonate content of synthesized products has also been discussed.
相似文献
Yurong JiangEmail: |
7.
The conjugate Michael addition of methylamine to alkyl acrylates can be performed under mild conditions without a catalyst
to obtain new hydrophobic intermediates of aminodiester-type. The reactants used strictly in 1:2 molar ratio provide almost
quantitative yield of aminodiesters without formation of undesired aminoesters and any other by-products. Aminodiesters can
be purified if necessary by classical methods. The alkyl chain length in the acrylates used has no influence on the results.
相似文献
Andrzej PiaseckiEmail: |
8.
Massimo Fabris Cindy Aquino Antony J. Ward Alvise Perosa Thomas Maschmeyer Maurizio Selva 《Topics in Catalysis》2009,52(3):315-321
In this contribution we describe the use of heterogeneous catalysts for the liquid-phase self-metathesis of 1-octene in supercritical
CO2. Our work aims at addressing the mass-transfer problems associated with such reaction systems. By coupling a heterogeneous
supported Re2O7 catalyst with the use of scCO2, the self-metathesis of 1-octene takes place by and large much more rapidly than in traditional solvent media, and furthermore,
by using scCO2 the overall efficiency and sustainability of the transformation can be improved.
相似文献
Maurizio Selva (Corresponding author)Email: |
9.
Mixed micelles are an ever-interesting field in applied as well as academic research. An interesting problem is to determine
the composition of the mixed monolayer and the micellar phase and interaction parameters among the individual components.
Several theories have already been put forward to address these problems. In this work, we attempt to apply several theories
to several experimental systems already published. Experimental elucidation of the proportion of individual components in
such a mixed state of aggregation is impossible up till now to the best of our knowledge.
相似文献
Soumen GhoshEmail: |
10.
Synthesis and Physicochemical Investigation of Long Alkylchain Betaine Zwitterionic Surfactant 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Liyun Qi Yun Fang Zeyun Wang Na Ma Liangyu Jiang Yiyou Wang 《Journal of surfactants and detergents》2008,11(1):55-59
An effective and economic two-step route was developed to synthesize the long alkyl chain betaine zwitterionic surfactant
directly from natural fatty acids. The optimal processing conditions for synthesizing the intermediate and final product were
probed and the yields of 96.4% and 88.3% were obtained for each step, respectively. The surface active behavior of the synthesized
decylbetaine surfactant was investigated using the surface tension method. The related thermodynamic parameters were calculated
and discussed. The fluorescence probe technology was applied to determine the micropolarity of decylbetaine micelles.
相似文献
Yun Fang (Corresponding author)Email: |
11.
The interaction of SDS/SDBS in aqueous gelatin solutions is studied above the gelation temperature by viscosity and circular
dichroism (CD) measurements. The steep rise observed in the relative viscosity can be due the structural transitions leading
to micellar growth of higher order. Circular dichroism spectra indicated that gelatin helped in inducing the sphere→rod transition,
without suffering any conformational changes within it. The findings are particularly significant in terms of the head group
contribution, hydrophobic interaction and the formation of formulated complexes.
相似文献
Lisa SreejithEmail: |
12.
Kenji Matsubayashi Tadashi Goto Kyoko Togaya Ken Kokubo Takumi Oshima 《Nanoscale research letters》2008,3(7):237-241
The introduction of pin-up oxygen on C60, such as in the oxidized fullerenes C60O and C60On, induced noticeable increase in the antioxidant activity as compared to pristine C60. The water-soluble inclusion complexes of fullerenes C60O and C60On reacted with linoleic acid peroxyl radical 1.7 and 2.4 times faster, respectively.
相似文献
Ken KokuboEmail: |
13.
It is commonly known that cationic and anionic surfactants cannot be mixed without the risk of precipitation or instability.
However, many studies have shown that not only is it possible to combine cationic and anionic surfactants, but also that this
combination can present synergic properties. Mixtures of anionic and cationic surfactants have many unique properties that
can be very useful when used properly. The aim of this report is to present relevant information concerning the interaction
between anionic and cationic surfactants. A bibliographic review on anionic/cationic mixtures is presented here in order to
better understand their properties and possible synergic effects, as this is of practical importance for the chemical industry.
相似文献
George NunesEmail: |
14.
M. M. A. El-Sukkary Nagla A. Syed Ismail Aiad W. I. M. El-Azab 《Journal of surfactants and detergents》2008,11(2):129-137
Alkyl polyglycosides (APGs) of different hydrocarbon chain lengths were prepared using an indirect method involving the condensation
of fatty alcohol with dextrose. The chemical structures of the prepared compounds were confirmed using different spectroscopic
techniques, primarily Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectroscopy. The surface
properties of the solutions containing different concentrations of the prepared APGs were determined at different temperatures.
The results of the spectroscopic analysis demonstrate that these materials were prepared through the correct techniques, producing
pure materials. The results of the critical micelle concentration (CMC) determination demonstrate that the surface properties
of these compounds depend mainly on the nature of their hydrophobic component.
相似文献
Ismail AiadEmail: |
15.
During the sulfonation process of the linear alkylbenzene (LAB) other products like sulfones and anhydrides are also formed
in addition to the linear alkylbenzene sulfonic acid (HLAS). Most of them are transformed in different degrees during the
aging and hydrolysis steps of the overall sulfonation process [Moreno et al. (2003) J Surfactant Deterg 6(2):137–142]. The
use of HPLC technique since 1988 and earlier the use of high temperature gas chromatography (HT-GC) enable the separation
and quantification of all the components of the free oil (FO) of the sulfonic acids—anhydrides; LAB and sulfones. The purpose
of this paper is to review the current knowledge about the free oil analysis and to discuss a new analytical procedure based
on the HT-GC to quantify the free oil content. We will compare the results obtained using this new method with other analytical
procedures (traditional gravimetry) and near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy.
相似文献
C. BengoecheaEmail: |
16.
Aniruddha S. Palsule Stephen J. Clarson Christopher W. Widenhouse 《Journal of Inorganic and Organometallic Polymers and Materials》2008,18(2):207-221
Silicones in various forms have been utilized in biomedical applications over the past several decades. While silicone elastomers
are currently the most common silicone biomaterial, low molar mass cyclic silicones, low molar mass linear silicones, silicone
oligomers, silicone polymers and silicone gels have each found applications as biomaterials. For the biomedical applications
of silicones, it is required that the materials be sterilized prior to application or implantation. Common methods of sterilization
include steam sterilization, ethylene oxide sterilization, electron beam sterilization and gamma sterilization. In this review
we will describe the behavior of various silicones upon exposure to gamma radiation.
相似文献
Stephen J. ClarsonEmail: |
17.
In terms of application, mixed anion compounds have attracted far less attention than mixed cation systems. Interest in the
catalytic properties of nitrides has been driven, in part, by their accessibility through new, improved synthesis routes.
Although attention in this area extends beyond simple binary systems, to our knowledge, studies have not yet probed the influence
of mixed anion compounds. Accordingly, in this review we describe the structures and synthetic routes to transition metal
pnictide-halides, which are predominantly nitride-based. It can be anticipated that some of these materials may have interesting
catalytic properties, although they have yet to be explored.
相似文献
M. Grazia FrancesconiEmail: |
18.
In this paper, the surfactant dodecylcysteine hydrochloride was synthesised. The surface parameters of the synthesised surfactant
were studied using a surface tension technique. The surface parameters show a good surface activity of the prepared surfactant
in aqueous solution. The self-assembling behaviour of the synthesised surfactant comparing with that of cysteine compound
on the prepared gold nanoparticles was confirmed using transmission electron microscope (TEM) measurements. The effect of
self-assembling of this surfactant on the size of gold nanoparticles was studied using TEM images. The antitumour activity
of the prepared surfactant without and with the gold nanoparticles was investigated. The results show that the antitumour
activity of the prepared surfactant was enhanced with the presences of the gold nanoparticles.
相似文献
E. M. S. AzzamEmail: |
19.
The effect of the different binary aqueous organic solvents viz. 1,4-dioxane, acetonitrile, dimethylsulfoxide, ethylene glycol,
and methanol, on the micelle formation and thermodynamics of a cationic surfactant cetyl triphenyl phosphonium bromide has
been studied conductometrically at 298–318 K. From the conductivity data critical micelle concentration, degree of counter
ion dissociation (α) and thermodynamic parameters of micellization have been determined. It is observed that micellization
tendency of the surfactant decreases in the presence of binary aqueous solvents. The entropies of micellization are all positive,
and they compensate the enthalpies of the process.
相似文献
Kallol K. GhoshEmail: |
20.
In this research, polyester fabrics were treated with three concentrations (10, 20 and 30 g/L) of macro- and microemulsions
of silicones in water at 30 °C by the padding method. The treated fabrics were then dried/cured at 130 °C for 40 s. Some of
the physical and chemical properties of the samples are discussed. The drapeability of treated samples was lower and found
to depend on the silicone particle size. Moisture absorbency of treated samples was also lower. Colorimetric properties of
softener treated fabrics were evaluated with a reflectance spectrophotometer. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) examinations
showed an aggregation of silicone particles on the fiber surface.
相似文献
Mazeyar ParvinzadehEmail: |