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1.
灌区优化配水研究进展   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
针对我国水资源缺乏、农业灌溉用水低效的现象,介绍了非充分灌溉优化配水技术、灌区水库调度的国内外研究状况,分析了存在的有关问题,提出了可能的解决途径。  相似文献   

2.
Along with the economic development in Canada, the shortage of irrigation water has become a serious concern (Bouwer 1993; Hennessy 1993). In this study, a model of Dynamic Dual Interval Programming (DDIP) is developed and applied to the irrigation water allocation systems with uncertainty. DDIP method improves the existing dynamics interval programming by explicitly addressing the system uncertainties with a dual interval that had higher system reliability. The solution of DDIP is computationally effective, and its decision variables are incorporated into the solutions for final decision. In order to obtain the optimal allocation schemes in a dynamic process, the developed DDIP was applied to an irrigation water system. The results from this case study revealed that optimal solution can be obtained through the DDIP approach from the agriculture water management activities for feasible decisions. These decisions reflect the high uncertainty of the information in the boundaries of dual intervals. The solution presents a maximum benefit under limited yearly uncertain natural resources. Furthermore, the information obtained though this model may help the authority to make optimal decisions and to reduce the risk for uncertain situations.  相似文献   

3.
为解决传统水资源合理配置模型在实际应用缺乏通用性、可操作性差且不易推广的问题,采用综合集成服务平台进行动态水资源配置规划的研究。以模型主题分类、主要决策信息、水资源评价和开发利用等为基础,建立动态水资源配置规划的框架,把水资源系统概化为系统网络图,结合供水水源配置和运用规则及用水户配置准则进行水资源合理配置。以面向用户的综合集成服务平台为基础,构建系统网络知识图,建立可以进行多种平衡模式展现和潜力分析的合理配置规划模型。结果表明,以综合集成服务平台为基础的动态水资源配置规划模型具有可操作性和通用性的优点,可为水资源高效利用和合理配置规划奠定基础。  相似文献   

4.
在以渠灌为主的灌区,设计合理的渠系工作制度,将水资源在渠系间进行高效配置具有重要意义。在实际灌溉中,同级渠道的灌水时间往往存在较大差异。为此,在灌区渠系建立0-1线性整数规划优化配水模型,并考虑了此过程中的不确定性,将模型运用到汾东灌区,进行求解。首先将支渠划分为两个灌溉组同时进行灌水,然后对每个灌溉组内的斗渠划分轮灌组,最后再将斗渠下的农渠划分为若干个轮灌组,实现在某次灌溉过程中的轮流输水。这样就缩短了各条渠道的输水时间,有利于提高灌水效率,且因不确定性信息的加入,结果更符合实际。通过上述优化过程,可以得到整个灌区的渠系工作制度,为决策者提供决策参考。  相似文献   

5.
Liu  Dong  Liu  Wenting  Fu  Qiang  Zhang  Yongjia  Li  Tianxiao  Imran  Khan M.  Abrar  Faiz M. 《Water Resources Management》2017,31(11):3607-3625
Water Resources Management - Water shortages are common in society, and the effective allocation of limited water resources to each competitive sector has become one of the urgent concerns for...  相似文献   

6.
固原市原州区位于宁夏南部,水资源量少质差,其天然禀赋条件不能满足日益增长的社会经济发展对水资源的需求,故需对水资源进行合理高效配置,打破水资源瓶颈制约。通过建立HEC-Res Sim多水源多用户模型,对当地水、引调水及再生水等多水源进行合理配置,充分考虑生产、生活、生态等不同用水需求,进行规划水平年的供需平衡分析,明确供需缺口并提出相应的解决办法,为实现固原市原州区经济社会和生态环境的可持续发展提供技术支撑。  相似文献   

7.
基于遗传算法的灌区渠系优化配水模型研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
为了使灌区配水获得更好的效果,通过改进传统"定流量,变历时"渠系运行方式的轮灌优化配水模型,以灌区配水渠道输水时间最短和各个轮灌组合持续引水时间差异最小建立了双目标函数,采用层次分析法确定各目标函数权重系数,然后根据各目标函数权重系数把双目标函数转化为单目标函数,最后通过遗传算法对单目标函数进行求解,确定了灌区最优轮灌组组合。实例计算结果表明:采用渠系优化配水方法进行轮灌组合优化,缩短了配水渠道输水时间,提高了水资源利用率,取得了较好的配水效果。  相似文献   

8.
【摘要】本文通过对和田市城市规划与水资源优化配置的实例分析,研究怎样合理控制城市规模,重视城市水环境保护,通过优化水资源配置、提高用水管理水平和利用效率等途径来解决城市化发展进程中的水资源短缺和环境污染问题,实现城市经济社会生态的和谐发展。  相似文献   

9.
In this study, an inexact two-stage water resources allocation (ITWR) model is put forward for supporting sustainable development and management of water resources in Sanjiang Plain, China, which is in such a situation, with multi-water source, multi-water supply subarea, multi-water user and multi-planning goal. The costs of net system, water supply and recourse are analyzed. The developed ITWR model, which shows a strong ability in tacking with various uncertain factors in probability distributions and discrete interval numbers, mixes the techniques of interval-parameter programming (IPP) and two-stage stochastic programming (TSP) within a general optimization framework. And it also has formed an effective link in such a conflict between the policy scenarios and the associated various levels of economic penalties, when the pre-allocation targets of water resources are violated. Based on this model, a series of scenarios under different levels of pre-allocation water is done and different degrees of water surplus and shortage are obtained correspondingly. The results indicate that the reasonable distribution plans with maximum system benefit and minimum system-failure risk have been generated. And these results are valuable for saving water resources to realize its sustainable development and mitigating the penalty to gain economic benefits maximum, and thus some desired results are provided for decision makers in tackling with a complex and uncertain water-resource system.  相似文献   

10.
Numerous uncertainties and complexities exist in the agricultural irrigation water allocation system, that must be considered in the optimization of water resources allocation. In this paper, an agricultural multi-water source allocation model, consisting of stochastic robust programming and two-stage random programming and introducing interval numbers and random variables to represent the uncertainties, was proposed for the optimization of irrigation water allocation in Jiamusi City of Heilongjiang Province, China. The model could optimize the water allocaton to different crops of groundwater and surface water. Then, the optimal target value and the optimal water allocation of different water sources distributed to different crops could be obtained. The model optimized the economic benefits and stability of the agricultural irrigation water allocation system via the introduction of a the penalty cost variable measurement to the objective function. The results revealed that the total water shortage changed from [18.6, 32.3]?×?108 m3 to [15.7, 26.2]?×?108 m3 at a risk level ω from zero to five, indicating that the water shortage decreased and the reliability improved in the agricultural irrigation water allocation system. Additionally, the net economic benefits of irrigation changed from [287.21, 357.86]?×?108 yuan to [253.23, 301.32]?×?108 yuan, indicating that the economic benefit difference was reduced. Therefore, the model can be used by decision makers to develop appropriate water distribution schemes based on the rational consideration of the economic benefit, stability and risk of the agricultural irrigation water allocation system.  相似文献   

11.
Abstract

An interval-fuzzy two-stage quadratic programming (IFTSQP) method is developed for water resources management under uncertainty. The methodincorporates techniques of interval-parameter programming, two-stage stochastic programming, and fuzzy quadratic programming within a general optimization framework to tackle multiple uncertainties presented as intervals, fuzzy sets and probability distributions. In the model formulation, multiple control variables are adopted to handle independent uncertainties in the model's right-hand sides; fuzzy quadratic terms are used in the objective function to minimize the variation in satisfaction degrees among the constraints. Moreover, the method can support the analysis of policy scenarios that are associated with economic penalties when the promised targets are violated. The developed method is then applied to a case study of water resources management planning. The results indicate that reasonable solutions have been obtained. They can help provide bases for identifying desired water-allocation plans with a maximized system benefit and a minimized constraint-violation risk.  相似文献   

12.
《人民黄河》2017,(7):92-95
以区域水土资源联合优化配置的多学科综合与新技术的应用成果相结合,探讨了区域水土资源联合优化配置的内涵及其体系的主要构成要素。将涉及水土资源联合优化配置的所有要素与社会、经济、环境系统耦合成一个复杂的水–土–社会经济–生态系统的模拟系统,研究在社会、经济和自然等因素的共同作用下区域水资源与土地资源配置的相互作用趋势。基于多级递阶结构的分解协调方法,讨论了水土资源联合配置的递阶结构及求解思路,提出了基于"压力–状态–响应"概念框架的区域水土资源联合优化配置的系统动力学仿真模型体系的设计方法,建立了区域水土资源联合优化配置系统的理论框架体系。  相似文献   

13.
都江堰灌区渠首优化配水模型探讨   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1  
结合都江堰灌区水量调度情况,针对渠首优化配水模型和方法进行了探讨。通过对灌区调度配水关键因素的分析,基于灌区整体经济效益函数和作物阶段分水函数构造,讨论了制定都江堰渠首实际水量调配方案。该方案通过试用取得了预期效果,为都江堰灌区水资源优化调度提出了可行的方案。  相似文献   

14.
Water Resources Management - Water resources scarcity and competition among stakeholders in water allocation always highlights the optimal operation of water resources. This research examines the...  相似文献   

15.
明晰水权初始配置是协调流域内各区域之间水资源综合效益的重要途径。针对流域水权初始配置过程,首先,结合流域内各区域的社会经济发展目标,构建水权初始配置指标体系,采用理想解法,获得水权初始配置初步方案,确定各区域的水权配置量初始值;其次,结合流域内各区域的利益诉求,基于动态博弈理论,分析各区域之间的动态博弈机理,构建动态博弈模型和利益补偿函数,实现水权增加利益主体对水权减少利益主体的利益补偿;然后,确定各区域的水权配置量优化值和流域内各区域水资源综合效益的优化值,并获得水权初始配置优化方案;最后,通过案例分析验证了利益博弈与优化模型在水权初始配置过程中具有较好的适用性。研究表明,水权初始配置本质上是对流域内各区域之间进行利益博弈的过程,通过水权增加利益主体对水权减少利益主体进行利益补偿,可进一步优化各区域的利益和流域水资源综合效益。  相似文献   

16.
In this study, an improved single-step method (SSM) is developed based on two-step method (TSM) to solve the interval-parameter linear programming (ILP) model of which the right-hand sides are highly uncertain. Two numerical examples are presented to ascertain appropriate value of λ in SSM. The risk preference degree of λ could be 0.8 for maximum objective function type. To demonstrate the applicability of the developed method, an agricultural water management problem has been provided in the case study section. The results show that SSM is more effective than TSM for complete solutions. There is only partial solution obtained from the first submodel of TSM, because the right-hand side of the wheat output constraint is highly uncertain. Finally, local farmers’ net benefit reaches to [8.949, 12.442]?×?108 RMB (the unit of Chinese currency). The priority order of crops that are needed to be irrigated by surface water is maize > wheat > cotton.  相似文献   

17.
宁夏惠农渠灌域水资源优化配置研究   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2  
马德仁  李银才 《人民黄河》2012,34(7):93-94,100
宁夏惠农渠灌域按取水水源和取水方式分为4个子灌域,在水资源管理上分为引黄自流灌溉、动力扬水灌溉、井渠结合灌溉、沟(河)道提水补灌4种模式。该灌域水资源管理利用存在的问题主要有缺乏统一管理的机制,引水总量不足,水利工程设施薄弱,沟水污染严重,农业灌溉水市场无序等。提出惠农渠灌域水资源优化配置的建议:重新进行水权分配,加快灌域水利工程建设,尽快出台水资源统一管理、机井运行管理等规章,同时赋予惠农渠管理处一定的行政职责,以对全灌域各类取水活动实施统一管理、统一调度。  相似文献   

18.
研究了渠系优化配水模型一般形式和求解方法,及优化配水模型的应用、管理中存在的问题;论述了灌溉水量配置不合理现象;分析了灌溉水的利用率及其利用效率低下的原因,对进一步研究建立干旱灌区渠系水量优化调配模型具有借鉴意义.  相似文献   

19.
河北省水资源短缺,水资源短缺影响经济发展。水资源优化配置的目的就是进行水资源的供需协调,使之最大限度地满足水资源需求量,保证社会经济可持续发展。河北省严重缺水,再加上水资源时空分布和区域分布不均,水资源利用率较低。水资源优化配置,遵循水资源供需平衡、调配时间和空间分布,实现水资源在区域生产及生活中的合理分配,以追求生态效益和区域社会经济协调发展的水资源配置方案。  相似文献   

20.
Lu  Wei  Qin  Xiaosheng 《Water Resources Management》2019,33(12):4351-4365
Water Resources Management - Seeking cost-effective design of urban hydrological facilities and drainage systems is an important task for many city planners. However, such a process has always been...  相似文献   

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