钻柱声传输信号多载波调制激励分析

在随钻声遥测技术中,周期性钻柱结构产生的多重回波极易造成严重的码间干扰和较高误码率,为此,根据钻柱信道的多径传输特性,基于短钻杆条件下多载波传输的实验分析,建立了多节钻杆与管箍的周期性信道有限差分模型。考虑地面噪声和信道内多径回波干扰,利用最小均方自适应均衡,基于“4钻杆—3管箍”信道结构进行了多载波调制性能仿真分析。仿真结果表明,与单载波PSK（Phase-Shift-Keying）调制相比,OFDM（Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing）多载波调制可使误码率平均降低约50%;在非周期性结构下其传输性能受信道变化敏感,但相同条件下仍优于PSK调制,且通过子载波相位补偿可有效改善误码率、提高传输性能。     

E5515C综测仪的1xEV-DO制式数字调制参数校准

数字移动通信综合测试仪在手机或基站设备的研发、设计、生产中广泛使用,而调制质量又是无线通信测试仪最主要的参数,对无线通信测试的总体性能起着关键性的作用.以8960系列E5515C数字移动通信综合测试仪为例,介绍了1xEV-DO数字调制质量参数的校准,阐述了CDMA标准中波形质量和误差矢量幅度之间的关系,并通过矢量信号分析仪进行了测试与验证.最后,对测量结果进行了数字调制测量不确定度分析.     

适用于QAM信号的方形判决超指数迭代盲均衡算法

针对超指数迭代判决反馈(Super-Exponential Iteration Decision Feedback Equalization,SEI-DFE)盲均衡算法在水声通信系统中表现出的收敛性差的问题,提出了一种基于正方形判决的修正超指数迭代判决反馈盲均衡算法。该算法在修正超指数算法的基础上,引入判决正方形机制分别对输出信号的同相分量和正交分量进行均衡,以进一步提高相位补偿能力;在判决反馈均衡器中引入二阶数字锁相环,实现对相位旋转的跟踪和补偿。消声水池实验采用16QAM调制信号,从滤波器阶数、步长以及Q矩阵大小三个方面对算法的影响来验证算法的误码率性能,结果表明,新算法的误码率相比修正超指数迭代判决反馈(Modified Super-Exponential Iteration Decision Feedback Equalization,MSEI-DFE)算法改善了两个量级,实现了对相位旋转的有效补偿,大大改善了载波恢复性能。     

多径瑞利衰落信道下AOAM系统最佳信噪比门限值的研究

自适应调制根据瞬时信道信噪比选择适当的调制方式，能够改善系统的BER性能以及平均吞吐量性能。在常用于高速移动环境的六径瑞利衰落信道模型下，研究自适应调制系统的最佳信噪比门限值，使系统的平均吞吐量最大，同时保证了目标BER性能，得到的最佳门限值可以用于ITU—RM．1225 Vehicular Test A模型的自适应调制系统。     

数字通信基带设备误码率的估计方法

针对航天测控系统中数字基带设备误码率（BER）闭环自测无法溯源的问题,提出了采用误差矢量幅度（EVM）和相位噪声作为间接评价方法。分析了在加性高斯白噪声下的EVM和BER之间的关系,并给出了使用EVM预测BER的经验公式;分析了相位噪声对BER的影响方式,为相位噪声突变情况下的BER预测提供了依据;以单台基带设备为测试对象,在建立EVM与BER预测关系式后,将后续3个月内预测和测试的结果进行对比,对比结果最大相对偏差不大于12.5%。实验表明,在加性白噪声的情况下,使用EVM和相位噪声替代BER作为评价指标是可行的,且EVM更直观、更能直接体现过程影响量、有利于基带设备的溯源。     

基于OptiSystem的大气激光通信系统仿真研究

针对湍流大气对自由空间激光通信系统链路带来的闪烁和漂移等不良影响,利用OptisYstem建立了采用OOK调制方式的M阵列大气激光通信系统模型,对在湍流大气扰动环境下,链路SNR和BER随距离及阵列剪改变等问题进行了较为深入的研究。通过仿真分析表明,在中强起伏情况下,湍流内尺度对系统的BER具有重要影响;SNR随阵列数M的改变具有临界的d值,研究结果为大气激光通信的实际应用提供了较为重要的参考。     

Two-dimensional multiplexing scheme both with ring radius and topological charge of perfect optical vortex beam

Perfect optical vortex (POV) beam is a special kind of vortex beam, whose radius is independent of its topological charge. In this paper, we propose a two-dimensional multiplexing scheme with a ring radius and topological charge of POV beam. A communication system using the proposed multiplexing scheme with a two-step detection method is presented, and on–off keying modulation is applied to demonstrate the bit error rate (BER) performance under atmospheric turbulence. The numerical results show that the BER performance of the proposed scheme is better than that when only topological charge is multiplexed with the same conditions. The two-dimensional multiplexing scheme has an anti-interference capability since the ring radius is only concerned in magnitude. At the same time, the capacity and the spectral efficiency of the system are improved since both ring radial and topological charge of POV beam are used.     

一种基于软件仿真平台的通信链路测试

针对目前测试卫星通信传输链路误码率需要庞大和昂贵的硬件资源现状,我们借助于安捷伦公司的ADS软件仿真平台,通过和测试仪器无缝连接的半实物仿真技术,搭建了一条完整的卫星通信链路,并利用ADS软件中的"重点采样法"统计通信误码率。通过这种仿真和实验,证明该设计方法概念清晰,开发周期较短,降低了设备成本。     

30-66 GHz millimetre wave phase shift keying modulator: performance and analysis

An octave bandwidth millimetre wave gallium arsenide (GaAs) MMIC modulator is demonstrated, wherein a novel method for directly producing QPSK/OQPSK/BPSK modulation directly from baseband IQ signals is presented. A key feature of the architecture is the absence of mixers. Expressions detailing the overall modulator error vector magnitude (EVM) performance with regard to its constituent components are derived. The dc power consumption of the circuit is less than 50 mW, and its 1 dB compression point is above 7 dBm. Frequency operation is between 30 and 66 GHz, over which QPSK EVM is below 15 , BPSK EVM 3 and data rates of greater than 500 MB/s are possible.     

调顶技术及其在波分复用光纤通信系统中的应用

给出了调顶技术对光纤通信系统误码特性影响的简单理论估计和实测结果：调顶深度小于５％时,调顶对系统接收机灵敏度的影响小于０．５ｄＢ。将专门研制的实用化调顶盘和解调顶盘用于实际的８信道ＷＤＭ光纤通信系统中,能准确判断各信道的有无及其光功率的相对变化,并据此实现了ＥＤＦＡ的增益箝制。     

Space-time decision feedback equalisation using a minimum bit error rate design for single-input multiple-output channels

A minimum bit error rate (MBER) decision feedback equaliser (DFE) designed for single-input multiple-output (SIMO) systems employing a quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) modulation scheme is proposed. It is shown that this MBER design is superior over the standard minimum mean square error DFE in the SIMO scenario considered, in terms of the achievable system bit error rate. A sample-by-sample adaptive implementation of this MBER DFE is derived, which is referred to as the least bit error rate (LBER) algorithm. It is shown that for SIMO systems using a QPSK scheme, the LBER algorithm has a similar computational complexity as the simple least mean square (LMS) algorithm. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed adaptive LBER-based DFE outperforms the adaptive LMS-based DFE, in both stationary and fading cases.     

自适应BPSK解调方法研究

提出了一种新型的基于自适应滤波算法的解调二进制相移键控（BPSK）信号的方法。以常用的最小均方误差自适应算法（LMS）为例，讨论了新型的BPSK自适应解调的过程及其性能。该解调算法不需要自适应滤波器完成收敛，从而降低了采样频率。给出的理论性能与仿真结果表明，BPSK自适应解调的误码率仿真结果与理论值吻合非常好；而且该方法具有抗干扰性能强、输出响应快、便于数字信号处理（DSP）技术实现等特点，在相同的采样频率下其误码率优于相关解调的误码率。     

用多项式模型和自适应滤波估计瞬时频率

本文论述了非平稳信号瞬时频率(IF)的估计方法,包括基干最小均方误差(LMS)算法或递推最小二乘(RLS)算法的自适应IF估计方法和基于信号相位多项式模型的IF估计方法。对各种估计方法的估计方差与理论方差下限进行了比较。说明了,基于互Wigner分布的估计方法所需信噪比(SNR)门限值最低。在低SNR、短信号记录的情况下,用多项式相位模型与最大似然法可以获得比较可靠的IF估计。     

Power versus stabilization for laser satellite communication.

To establish optical communication between any two satellites, the lines of sight of their optics must be aligned for the duration of the communication. The satellite pointing and tracking systems perform the alignment. The satellite pointing systems vibrate because of tracking noise and mechanical impacts (such as thruster operation, the antenna pointing mechanism, the solar array driver, navigation noise, tracking noise). These vibrations increase the bit error rate (BER) of the communication system. An expression is derived for adaptive transmitter power that compensates for vibration effects in heterodyne laser satellite links. This compensation makes it possible to keep the link BER performance constant for changes in vibration amplitudes. The motivation for constant BER is derived from the requirement for future satellite communication networks with high quality of service. A practical situation of a two-low-Earth-orbit satellite communication link is given. From the results of the example it is seen that the required power for a given BER increases almost exponentially for linear increase in vibration amplitude.     

水声DS-CDMA通信中多相位假设码片速率自适应判决反馈均衡算法研究

研究了直接序列扩频码分复用(DS-CDMA)通信中基于多相位假设的码片速率自适应判决反馈均衡算法.水声信道的衰落和多普勒频移会严重影响扩频信号的相关特性,需要在做解扩频之前进行多普勒频移补偿和信道自适应均衡.将空间分集-多普勒频移补偿-自最佳自适应判决反馈均衡算法应用到DS-CDMA通信中,提出一种基于多相位假设的码片速率自适应判决反馈均衡算法,并用实际的千岛湖实验数据和仿真数据对算法性能进行了分析.结果表明算法以增加计算复杂性为代价显著提高了DS-CDMA通信性能,在复杂快变的多途和多普勒频移条件下可以保证低的误符号率,在低信噪比条件下能够稳定工作,总体性能良好.     

Performance improvement of optical wireless communication through fog with a decision feedback equalizer

Optical wireless communication (OWC) systems use the atmosphere as a propagation medium. However, a common problem is that from time to time moderate cloud and fog emerge between the receiver and the transmitter. These adverse weather conditions impose temporal broadening and power loss on the optical signal, which reduces the digital signal-to-noise ratio (DSNR), produces significant intersymbol interference (ISI), and degrades the communication system's bit error rate (BER) and throughput. We propose and investigate the use of a combined adaptive bandwidth mechanism and decision feedback equalizer (DFE) to mitigate these atmospheric multipath effects. Based on theoretical analysis and simulations of DSNR penalties, BER, and optimum system bandwidths, we show that a DFE improves the outdoor OWC system immunity to ISI in foggy weather while maintaining high throughput and desired low BER.     

Application of linear minimum mean-squared-error equalization for volume holographic data storage

When target densities of volume holographic data storage systems are increased, the systems experience increased interference from adjacent pixels and noise. Here we present a method for designing and applying linear minimum mean-squared-error (LMMSE) equalization to improve the bit error rates (BER's) and hence the storage densities achievable. Numerical results with five defocused data pages indicate that a significant improvement in the BER is possible with LMMSE equalization.     

A node enrichment adaptive refinement in Discrete Least Squares Meshless method for solution of elasticity problems

In this paper, an adaptive refinement procedure is proposed to be used with Discrete Least Squares Meshless (DLSM) method for accurate solution of planar elasticity problems. DLSM method is a newly introduced meshless method based on the least squares concept. The method is based on the minimization of a least squares functional defined as the weighted summation of the squared residual of the governing differential equation and its boundary conditions at nodal points used to discretize the domain and its boundaries. A Moving Least Square (MLS) method is used to construct the shape function making the approach a fully least squares based approach. An error estimate and adaptive refinement strategy is proposed in this paper to increase the efficiency of the DLSM method. For this, a residual based error estimator is introduced and used to discover the region of higher errors. The proposed error estimator has the advantages of being available at the end of each analysis contributing to the efficiency of the proposed method. An enrichment method is then used by adding more nodes to the area of higher errors as indicated by the error estimator. A Voronoi diagram is used to locate the position of the nodes to be added to the current nodal configuration. Efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed procedure is examined by adaptively solving two benchmark problems. The results show the ability of the proposed strategy for accurate simulation of elasticity problems.     

Nonlinear equalization for holographic data storage systems

Despite the fact that the channel in a holographic data-storage system is nonlinear, most of the existing approaches use linear equalization for data recovery. We present a novel and simple to implement nonlinear equalization approach based on a minimum mean-square-error criterion. We use a quadratic equalizer whose complexity is comparable to that of a linear equalizer. We also explore the effectiveness of a nonlinear equalization target as compared with the conventional linear target. Bit-error-rate (BER) performance is studied for channels having electronics noise, optical noise, and a different span of intersymbol interference. With a linear target, whereas the linear equalizer exhibits an error floor in the BER performance, the quadratic equalizer significantly improves the performance with no sign of error floor even up to 10(-7). With a nonlinear target, whereas the quadratic equalizer provides an additional performance gain of 1-2 dB, the error-floor problem of the linear equalizer has been considerably alleviated, thereby significantly improving the latter's performance. A theoretical performance analysis of the nonlinear receiver with non-Gaussian noise is also presented. A simplified approach is developed to compute the underlying probability density functions, optimum detector threshold, and BER using the theoretical analysis. Numerical results show that the theoretical predictions agree well with simulations.     

一种浅海水声信道分数间隔自适应均衡算法研究

水声信道是最为复杂的数据通信环境之一,而具有重要军用和商用价值的浅海水声信道,其多径与频散效应更为严重。在浅海水声数字通信中,普遍存在着码间干扰和码内干扰效应,严重影响了水下通信的速度和质量。在判决反馈结构的基础上,采用分数的方法,提出了一种适用于浅海水声信道的自适应均衡算法,并通过计算机仿真实验与整数方法进行了性能对比。传输信号采用正交相移键控调制方式,以有效利用有限通信带宽。仿真结果表明,该算法获得了较快的收敛速度和较小的稳态误差,提高了水声通信的有效性及可靠性,因而具有良好的工程应用价值。