BP神经网络在测试系统动态补偿中的应用

测试系统的非线性动态补偿是仪器技术的一个重要方面．采用BP神经网络对测试系统进行动态补偿．BP神经网络的结果决定于网络输入、隐层和输出节点．由于其非线性映射特性,BP神经网络完全能够反映测试系统的动态响应特性．采用了收敛速度较快的递推预报误差算法训练神经网络．试验结果表明,BP神经网络的特性完全能够满足测试系统的动态补偿要求．表明本文的方法是有效的．     

Establishment of a Fault Prognosis Model Using Wavelet Neural Networks and Its Engineering Application

Fault diagnosis is confronted with two problems; how to “measure“ the growth of a fault and how to predict the remaining useful lifetime of such a failing component or machine. This paper attempts to solve these two problems by proposing a model of fault prognosis using wavelet basis neural network. Gaussian radial basis functions and Mexican hat wavelet frames are used as scaling functions and wavelets, respectively. The centers of the basis functions are calculated using a dyadic expansion scheme and a k-means clustering algorithm.     

Wavelet Transform and Neural Networks in Fault Diagnosis of a Motor Rotor

In the motor fault diagnosis technique,vibration and stator current frequency components of detection are two main means.This article will discuss the signal detection method based on vibration fault.Because the motor vibration signal is a non-stationary random signal,fault signals often contain a lot of time-varying,burst properties of ingredients.The traditional Fourier signal analysis can not effectively extract the motor fault characteristics,but are also likely to be rich in failure information but a weak signal as noise.Therefore,we introduce wavelet packet transforms to extract the fault characteristics of the signal information.Obtained was the result as the neural network input signal,using the L-M neural network optimization method for training,and then used the BP network for fault recognition.This paper uses Matlab software to simulate and confirmed the method of motor fault diagnosis validity and accuracy.     

称重传感器蠕变误差的神经网络补偿方法

针对电阻应变式称重传感器存在严重的蠕变误差直接影响称重结果准确度的问题,提出了一种基于神经网络的称重传感器蠕变误差自动补偿模型,并给出了模型的训练算法。对量程为50 kg,C3等级的电阻应变式称重传感器进行了实验,实验结果表明,使用神经网络蠕变误差补偿方法补偿后,称重传感器加载标准砝码30 min内的蠕变误差最大变化量为0.0108 kg,小于国家标准GB/T 7551-200《称重传感器》规定的允许值。     

神经网络技术与小波分析相结合的故障诊断方法

提出了一种将神经网络技术与小波分析相结合的故障诊断方法,对诊断对象进行时域信号采集,通过小波分析,获得所需参数,再将此参数作为神经网络的输入量,从而达到故障诊断的目的.     

Prediction of BRIC Stock Price Using ARIMA,SutteARIMA, and Holt-Winters

The novel coronavirus has played a disastrous role in many countries worldwide. The outbreak became a major epidemic, engulfing the entire world in lockdown and it is now speculated that its economic impact might be worse than economic deceleration and decline. This paper identifies two different models to capture the trend of closing stock prices in Brazil (BVSP), Russia (IMOEX.ME), India (BSESN), and China (SSE), i.e., (BRIC) countries. We predict the stock prices for three daily time periods, so appropriate preparations can be undertaken to solve these issues. First, we compared the ARIMA, SutteARIMA and Holt-Winters (H-W) methods to determine the most effective model for predicting data. The stock closing price of BRIC country data was obtained from Yahoo Finance. That data dates from 01 November 2019 to 11 December 2020, then divided into two categories--training data and test data. Training data covers 01 November 2019 to 02 December 2020. Seven days (03 December 2020 to 11 December 2020) of data was tested to determine the accuracy of the models using training data as a reference. To measure the accuracy of the models, we obtained the means absolute percentage error (MAPE) and mean square error (MSE). Prediction model Holt-Winters was found to be the most suitable for forecasting the Brazil stock price (BVSP) while MAPE (0.50) and MSE (579272.65) with Holt-Winters (smaller than ARIMA and SutteARIMA), model SutteARIMA was found most appropriate to predict the stock prices of Russia (IMOEX.ME), India (BSESN), and China (SSE) when compared to ARIMA and Holt-Winters. MAPE and MSE with SutteARIMA: Russia (MAPE:0.7; MSE:940.20), India (MAPE:0.90; MSE:207271.16), and China (MAPE: 0.72; MSE: 786.28). Finally, Holt-Winters predicted the daily forecast values for the Brazil stock price (BVSP) (12 December to 14 December 2020 i.e., 115757.6, 116150.9 and 116544.1), while SutteARIMA predicted the daily forecast values of Russia stock prices (IMOEX.ME) (12 December to 14 December 2020 i.e., 3238.06, 3241.54 and 3245.01), India stock price (BSESN) (12 December to 14 December 2020 i.e.,. 45709.38, 45828.71 and 45948.05), and China stock price (SSE) (11 December to 13 December 2020 i.e., 3397.56, 3390.59 and 3383.61) for the three time periods.     

基于PSO-BP神经网络的关节臂式坐标测量机长度误差补偿

针对关节臂式坐标测量机(AACMM)长度误差补偿问题,分析了误差来源,通过实验确定了影响其测量长度的误差参数。引入BP神经网络对长度误差补偿模型进行了建模,并通过粒子群化算法对BP神经网络的权值和阈值进行全局寻优,克服了BP神经网络收敛速度慢和易陷入局部极值的缺陷。在不同输入参数的条件下测量标准尺,获得了误差补偿模型的训练样本。进行了长度误差补偿验证,补偿后误差均值减小了0.014 mm,使AACMM的测量精度提高了31.8%。     

基于小波多尺度分析的股票价格组合预测方法

股票价格是众多因素影响的综合结果,波动规律异常复杂,属于典型的非平稳时间序列。为了对股价进行更有效的预测,提出一种基于小波分析、灰色残差GM(1,1)模型和AR模型的组合预测方法。运用小波分解算法,将股价序列分解成不同尺度上的逼近信号和细节信号,分别重构成低频序列和高频序列,即股价的趋势项和随机项。根据低频序列和高频序列的不同特性,分别采用灰色残差模型和自回归模型对未来股价进行预测,重新组合生成预测价格。实证研究结果表明,该方法比传统的股价预测方法具有更高的预测精度。     

一个新的超塑变形内部损伤预测模型

超塑变形往往具有空洞敏感性，对空洞的研究引起国内外学者的重视并取得较大进展，但现有描述超塑变形时空洞损伤行为的力学模型普遍存在精度问题，利用神经网络对超塑变形时的空洞损伤程度进行预测，不仅可提高精度，同时亦能充分反映超塑变形工艺参数对损伤的影响规律。因此，这就为研究超塑变形时的空洞损伤提供了一种新方法，同时也为神经网络的应用开辟了一个新领域。     

Sentence Similarity Measurement with Convolutional Neural Networks Using Semantic and Syntactic Features

Calculating the semantic similarity of two sentences is an extremely challenging problem. We propose a solution based on convolutional neural networks (CNN) using semantic and syntactic features of sentences. The similarity score between two sentences is computed as follows. First, given a sentence, two matrices are constructed accordingly, which are called the syntax model input matrix and the semantic model input matrix; one records some syntax features, and the other records some semantic features. By experimenting with different arrangements of representing the syntactic and semantic features of the sentences in the matrices, we adopt the most effective way of constructing the matrices. Second, these two matrices are given to two neural networks, which are called the sentence model and the semantic model, respectively. The convolution process of the neural networks of the two models is carried out in multiple perspectives. The outputs of the two models are combined as a vector, which is the representation of the sentence. Third, given the representation vectors of two sentences, the similarity score of these representations is computed by a layer in the CNN. Experiment results show that our algorithm (SSCNN) surpasses the performance MPCPP, which noticeably the best recent work of using CNN for sentence similarity computation. Comparing with MPCNN, the convolution computation in SSCNN is considerably simpler. Based on the results of this work, we suggest that by further utilization of semantic and syntactic features, the performance of sentence similarity measurements has considerable potentials to be improved in the future.     

一种修正的基于混沌预测误差的目标检测算法

基于混沌预测误差的目标检测算法是检测混沌背景下目标的算法.本文对该算法的检测结果进行了分析,分析结果表明其检测到的目标区域比实际的目标区域大.针对这个问题,对基于混沌预测误差的目标检测结果进行了修正,修正后的结果更接近于目标的真实大小.用Lorenz混沌系统产生的仿真数据和实测的机载海面合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像进行了实验.实验结果与理论分析的结果一致,从而证明了理论分析的正确性.     

基于小波神经网络的激光散斑图像去噪技术研究

提出基于小波神经网络的图像去噪方法,该方法兼有小波分析的良好时频域特性和神经网络的自适应能力.实验结果表明,该方法在去除噪声上优于中值滤波等传统去噪声方法,其散斑指数较小,峰值信噪比较大,在有效去除噪声同时,又能很好地保护图像的细节信息.     

基于小波降噪神经网络的旋转机械故障诊断

实测信号往往受到多种因素的干扰,如高频噪声.提出了一种小波降噪神经网络的故障诊断方法,利用小波的多重分辨率分析,有效降低高频噪声干扰,从而简化了有效特征信号的提取.建立了基于小波变换和BP神经网络的混合诊断模型,成功地对故障进行了智能诊断.最后实验验证了此种方法的有效性.     

基于小波神经网络辨识器的模糊神经自适应控制在VAV空调系统中的应用

针对空调温度控制的大惯性、大滞后、非线性等特点,提出采用基于小波神经网络辨识器的模糊神经自适应控制的中央空调房间温度控制器的设计方案。由于小波神经网络的非线性映射能力比一般神经网络要强,所以基于小波神经网络的辨识器可以获得很高的辨识精度。而且,模糊神经自适应控制器随着系统动态特性的改变可以在线改变其控制规则,从而进行客观准确的控制。与普通模糊控制方法相比较,仿真试验说明系统设计的有效性。     

集成小波神经网络在故障诊断中的应用研究

以非线性Morlet小波基作为激励函数,形成神经元,结合小波变换与神经网络各自的优点,建立集小波分析与神经网络于一体的紧致型小波神经网络,并给出了具体的算法。基于信息融合技术的思想,从设备故障诊断的实际出发,建立了基于信息融合技术的集成小波神经网络故障诊断系统,即通过故障特征信息的有效组合,用各种子小波神经网络从不同侧面对设备故障进行初步诊断,然后对诊断结果进行决策融合。给出了系统的实现策略和子网络的组建原则。从诊断实例中可以看出,此诊断系统充分利用各种特征信息,可以有效的提高确诊率。     

基于BP神经网络的传感器非线性补偿

由于传感器本身的非线性特性以及传感器在测量过程中外界环境因素的影响,使得传感器的输入输出特性呈现出非线性.讨论了BP神经网络模型在传感器非线性补偿中的应用.给出了相应的补偿方法,即采用两个相同的传感器对同一被测量进行测量,其测量结果作为神经网络模型的输入,经过补偿后的传感器具有线性的输入输出关系.采用递推预报误差算法训练神经网络,具有收敛速度快、收敛精度高的特点.试验结果表明,应用神经网络对传感器的非线性进行动态补偿是一种行之有效的方法.     

基于高维输入小波神经网络的热连轧机产品质量模型

小波神经网络是一种以小波函数为激励函数的神经网络。现有的小波神经网络局限于低维,本文提出一种适合高维输入的小波神经网络建模方法,对几种小波函数与学习算法进行了比较实验,成功地解决了32维输入的大型多辊热连轧机钢板材质量建模问题。     

A Study on Integrated Wavelet Neural Networks in Fault Diagnosis Based on Information Fusion

The tight wavelet neural network was constituted by taking the nonlinear Morlet wavelet radices as the excitation function. The idiographic algorithm was presented. It combined the advantages of wavelet analysis and neural networks. The integrated wavelet neural network fault diagnosis system was set up based on both the information fusion technology and actual fault diagnosis, which took the sub-wavelet neural network as primary diagnosis from different sides, then came to the conclusions through decision-making fusion. The realizable policy of the diagnosis system and established principle of the sub-wavelet neural networks were given. It can be deduced from the examples that it takes full advantage of diversified characteristic information, and improves the diagnosis rate.     

Condition‐based Maintenance Optimization Using Neural Network‐based Health Condition Prediction

Artificial neural network (ANN)‐based methods have been extensively investigated for equipment health condition prediction. However, effective condition‐based maintenance (CBM) optimization methods utilizing ANN prediction information are currently not available due to two key challenges: (i) ANN prediction models typically only give a single remaining life prediction value, and it is hard to quantify the uncertainty associated with the predicted value; (ii) simulation methods are generally used for evaluating the cost of the CBM policies, while more accurate and efficient numerical methods are not available, which is critical for performing CBM optimization. In this paper, we propose a CBM optimization approach based on ANN remaining life prediction information, in which the above‐mentioned key challenges are addressed. The CBM policy is defined by a failure probability threshold value. The remaining life prediction uncertainty is estimated based on ANN lifetime prediction errors on the test set during the ANN training and testing processes. A numerical method is developed to evaluate the cost of the proposed CBM policy more accurately and efficiently. Optimization can be performed to find the optimal failure probability threshold value corresponding to the lowest maintenance cost. The effectiveness of the proposed CBM approach is demonstrated using two simulated degradation data sets and a real‐world condition monitoring data set collected from pump bearings. The proposed approach is also compared with benchmark maintenance policies and is found to outperform the benchmark policies. The proposed CBM approach can also be adapted to utilize information obtained using other prognostics methods. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

补偿模糊神经网络的改进及其在通风空调故障诊断中的应用

对传统补偿模糊神经网络(CFNN)的算法进行了改进,提出了动态调整学习步长的方法,避免了较大震荡,同时加快了迭代速度,与定学习步长的方法相比,学习速度和误差精度都有大大提高,最后通过仿真实验证明该方法在地下通风空调系统故障诊断中,具有收敛速度快,诊断精度高,并且适应性强等优点.