复合工艺制备的半固态A356铝合金

利用复合工艺制备了A356铝合金半固态浆料,研究了半固态A356铝合金初生相形貌的分形特征.应用编制的计算程序计算了半固态A356铝合金初生相形貌的分形维数.结果表明,复合工艺制备的半固态A356铝合金初生相的形貌可以用分形维数来表征,不同工艺参数下所获得的半固态初生相形貌具有不同的分形维数.铸锭中不同部位半固态初生相的形貌具有不同的分形维数,反映了同一铸锭不同部位的凝固条件对半固态初生相形貌的影响.凝固组织中的每个半固态初生相的分形形貌均为系统耗散性的几何表现.     

亚共晶铝硅合金半固态初生相形貌分形维数的计算

利用低过热度浇注技术制备了亚共晶铝硅合金半固态浆料,研究了半固态初生相的形貌及其分形维数和计算方法．应用图像计盒维数的算法计算了亚共晶铝硅合金半固态初生相的分形维数,并编制了相应的计算程序对亚共晶铝硅合金半固态初生相的形貌图像的计盒维数进行了计算．结果表明,不同工艺条件下制备的亚共晶铝硅合金半固态的初生相形貌有不同的分形维数;分形维数可反映初生相形貌的复杂程度．借助分形维数的计算结果可研究亚共晶铝硅合金半固态初生相的形貌及其组织性能．     

A356-Sc铝合金在固液相区等温保温时初生相形貌演变的研究

利用低过热度浇注工艺制备了A356-Sc铝合金半固态浆料,研究了A356-Sc铝合金半固态初生相形貌在固液相区等温保温中的转变,讨论了等温温度和保温时间对A356-Sc铝合金半固态初生相形貌演变的影响.研究结果表明,半固态A356-Sc铝合金在目液相区经适当的等温保温能明显地改善初生相的形貌及颗粒尺寸;Sc添加到半固态A356铝合金中利于初生相的尺寸细化和初生相颗粒球形化.     

A356铝合金低过热度浇注的铸造显微组织研究

采用低过热度浇注技术制备半固态A356铝合金，研究了冷却强度、保温时间、浇注温度对铸造显微组织的影响．研究结果表明，在液相线附近，冷却强度大，晶粒细小；随着保温时间的延长，晶粒变大，形状变得圆整，结晶组织均匀；浇注温度越高，晶粒越粗大；铸锭中心部位组织比边缘部位组织粗大，且均匀，球化明显．低过热度浇注可以获得理想的A356铝合金半固态浆料．半固态坯料重熔加热温度为585℃，保温30min，α-Al相逐渐变成球状，此时，晶粒平均等级圆直径为42．6μm，晶粒平均圆度为2．13．     

外加旋转磁场条件下的过流冷却A356铝合金半固态组织

将旋转磁场施加于过流冷却装置,研究了旋转磁场对过流冷却制备A356铝合金半固态浆料组织的影响.结果表明,施加的旋转磁场对熔体产生搅拌效果,改善初生相形核长大的浓度和温度环境,过流冷却半固态A356铝合金组织中较大尺寸的蔷薇状、树枝状和大块状初生α相比例减少,细小等轴状比例增加,晶粒细化作用增强,同时初生α相体积分数增大.随着磁场强度的增加上述变化更加显著.     

控制凝固法制备A356半固态合金的工艺研究

论文以工业上广泛应用的A356铝合金为对象,研究了该合金半固态加工过程,包括控制凝固法制备A356半固态合金的影响因素、工艺及机理,二次加热过程中的组织演变,A1-5Ti-1B和La对A356组织的细化变质,确定了该合金半固态加工的工艺参数,为工业生产提供了一定的研究基础和理论依据.     

浇注温度对A356合金半固态枝晶衍变规律的影响

研究了控制浇注法制备A356合金半固态枝晶衍变规律,结果表明：原始显微结构对枝晶半固态衍变具有较大影响,对于原始组织粗大的树枝晶合金,即使经过长时间的保温,初生α相仍为枝晶网状结构;而原始组织细小的等轴晶迅速转变为球状结构．     

Cu基低碳醇合成催化剂表面分形维数与催化性能

用分形几何描述催化剂的表面形貌，用盒子维模型测定了不同制备方法和载体所制备的催化剂表面分形维数，分形维数Ｄ被看作是催化剂形貌的表征参数。结果表明，催化剂表面形态具有自相似性，催化剂表面分形维数介于２．５７至２．６７之间，尖晶石载体对催化剂表面分形维数影响最大，制备方法也影响催化剂表面分形组成，相同组成的催化剂表面分形维数增大，催化剂的ＣＯ转化率提高。     

钢中非金属夹杂物图像分形维数的研究

通过对304/304L不锈钢轧材中大型夹杂物和铸锭中显微夹杂物的图像进行处理,得到夹杂物边界的二值图像。采用计盒维数法对夹杂物轮廓的分形维数进行计算与分析,算法利用MATLAB编程实现。结果表明,夹杂物的分形维数与其组成和熔点密切相关,低熔点的Al2O3-SiO2-CaO系复合夹杂的形貌多为球形或类球形,其分形维数较小;高熔点的Al2O3夹杂物与SiO2夹杂物的形貌多为不规则形,其分形维数较大。     

Al7Si0.3Mg-Y合金半固态初生α-Al形貌的研究

利用低过热度浇注工艺制备了Al7Si0.3Mg-Y铝合金半固态浆料,研究了稀土Y对合金半固态初生α-Al形貌的影响.采用正交设计方法,优化了Al7Si0.3Mg-Y铝合金半固态初生α-Al形貌的影响因素,通过直观分析与方差分析表明,经稀土Y变质处理及低过热度浇注获得Al7Si0.3Mg-Y半固态初生球晶的最佳工艺条件为:浇注温度595℃,保温时间3 min,Y加入量0.5%.此时其晶粒在铸态下的形状因子为0.74等效圆直径为42.01μm,其中浇注温度是晶粒形貌和尺寸的最主要影响因素,可信度达到95%;其次是Y的加入量和保温时间.     

Preparation of semi-solid aluminum alloy slurry poured through a water-cooled serpentine channel

A water-cooled serpentine channel pouring process was invented to produce semi-solid A356 aluminum alloy slurry for rheocasting, and the effects of pouring temperature and circulating cooling water flux on the microstructure of the slurry were investigated. The results show that at the pouring temperature of 640-680°C and the circulating cooling water flux of 0.9 m3/h, the semi-solid A356 aluminum alloy slurry with spherical primary α(Al) grains can be obtained, whose shape factors are between 0.78 and 0.86 and the grain diameter can reach 48-68 μm. When the pouring temperatures are at 660-680°C, only a very thin solidified shell remains inside the serpentine channel and can be removed easily. When the serpentine channel is cooled with circulating water, the microstructure of the semi-solid slurry can be improved, and the serpentine channel is quickly cooled to room temperature after the completion of one pouring. In terms of the productivity of the special equipment, the water-cooled serpentine channel is economical and efficient.     

Numerical simulation on reho-diecasting mould filling of an automobile master brake cylinder

An apparent viscosity model of semi-solid A356 aluminum alloy has been developed and the software Castsoft6.0 coupled with the model has been used to simulate the mould filling of an automobile master brake cylinder with the semi-solid A356 alumi-num alloy slurry.The simulation results are in agreement with the practical filling process, indicating that the apparent viscosity model is feasible and can be used to simulate the mould filling of the semisolid A356 aluminum alloy slurry and can be used to opti-mize the filling process and the design of dies.A higher injection pressure, a higher ingate flow velocity of the semi-solid slurry, and a higher slurry temperature are advantageous to the mould filling of the automobile master brake cylinder.     

Transient spinodal decomposition during annealing of rapidly solidified Al-10Sr alloy

Rapidly solidified Al-10Sr alloy ribbons were prepared using a single roller melt spinning technique. The annealing process of the rapidly solidified Al-10Sr alloy has been carried out using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The microstructure of as-annealed Al-10Sr alloy has been characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The equilibrium AUSr phase is dominant in the as-annealed alloy. Besides the Al4Sr phase, an AlSr phase is also found in the alloy isothermally annealed at 873 K for 90 min. Furthermore, a modulated nanostructure was observed in the alloy isothermally annealed at 873 K for 90 min. With further prolonged annealing time, however, the AlSr phase disappears in the as-annealed alloy. The dependence of particle size and growth rate on annealing time as well as the modulated structure shows that the occurrence of the AlSr phase may be due to the spinodal decomposition.     

Numerical simulation on the rheo-diecasting of the semi-solid A356 aluminum alloy

The effect of injection pressure, piston velocity, and the forming temperature of semisolid slurry on the filling behavior of the semi-solid A356 aluminum alloy was investigated by simulation methods. The simulation results show that these processing parameters have an important effect on the filling behavior of the semi-solid A356 aluminum alloy. The slurry flows steadily in the cavity when the injection pressure, the piston velocity, and the forming temperature are low, but it is prone to turbulent flow w...     

Microstructural formation of semi-solid AZ91D alloy stirred by electromagnetic field

With the help of an electromagnetic stirring device, alloy melt quenching and EBSD (electron back scatter diffraction)analysis technology, the microstructure of the semi-solid AZ91D magnesium alloy slurry stirred by rotational electromagnetic field under different stirring power conditions has been studied. The results show that the size of primary α-Mg phase is reduced obviously when the solidifying alloy melt is stirred by rotational electromagnetic field, moreover, the primary α-Mg grains are changed to fine rosette grains or spherical grains which are proved to belong to the different grains in three-dimension by the EBSD analysis technology. The results also show that the stirring power is an important processing parameter in the preparation of the semi-solid AZ91D magnesium alloy slurry. The larger the stirring power, the finer the primary α-Mg grains, the less the rosette primary α-Mg grains, and the more the spherical primary α-Mg grains. Theoretical analysis indicates that a stronger flow motion leads to a more even temperature field and solute field and a stronger man-made temperature fluctuation in the alloy melt so that the specially fine rosette and/or spherical primary α-Mg grains are formed in the semi-solid AZ91D magnesium alloy slurry.     

New method for the preparation of semi-solid AISi7Mg alloy slurry

The effects of pouring temperature and short electromagnetic stirring with low strength on the microstructures of AlSi7Mg alloy were investigated.The results show that if liquid AlSi7Mg alloy is poured at 630 or 650 ℃,many primary α-Al grains in the solidified melt are rosette-like,and only a small number of them are spherical.However,if liquid AlSi7Mg alloy is poured at a lower superheat and meanwhile is stirred by an electromagnetic field at a low power for a short time,then most primary α-Al grains in the solidified melt become spherical,and only a few are rosette-like.The theoretical analysis indicates that the strengthened melt flow motion induced by the short electromagnetic stirring makes the temperature field more homogeneous in the melt,which is poured at a lower superheat,and makes the primary α-Al grains deposit in a larger region at the same time,so this new solidification kinetic condition leads to the microstructure of spherical primary α-Al grains.The experiments also demonstrate that pouring at an appropriate superheat and stirring by an electromagnetic field at a low power for a short time is a good new method for preparing the semi-solid slurry or billet of AlSi7Mg alloy.     

New method for the preparation of semi-solid AlSi7Mg alloy slurry

The effects of pouring temperature and short electromagnetic stirring with low strength on the microstructures of AlSi7Mg alloy were investigated. The results show that if liquid AlSi7Mg alloy is poured at 630 or 650℃, many primary α-Al grains in the solidified melt are rosette-like, and only a small number of them are spherical. However, if liquid AlSi7Mg alloy is poured at a lower superheat and meanwhile is stirred by an electromagnetic field at a low power for a short time, then most primary α-Al grains in the solidified melt become spherical, and only a few are rosette-like. The theoretical analysis indicates that the strengthened melt flow motion induced by the short electromagnetic stirring makes the temperature field more homogeneous in the melt, which is poured at a lower superheat, and makes the primary α-Al grains deposit in a larger region at the same time, so this new solidification kinetic condition leads to the microstructure of spherical primary α-Al grains. The experiments also demonstrate that pouring at an appropriate superheat and stirring by an electromagnetic field at a low power for a short time is a good new method for preparing the semi-solid slurry or billet of AlSi7Mg alloy.     

粗镁直接熔炼AZ91D的力学性能及断口分析

为了研究粗镁直接熔炼AZ91D镁合金锭不同位置上的夹杂分布情况,对AZ91D镁合金锭的三个不同取样位置进行了拉伸及冲击试验,通过扫描电子显微镜对拉伸和冲击断口进行了组织形貌上的观察与分析.结果表明:合金锭中间部分的力学性能要明显优于两侧部分,夹杂含量相对于两侧要低; 粗镁直接熔炼的AZ91D镁合金拉伸与冲击断口形貌呈河流状,为脆性断裂.粗镁直接熔炼的合金产生的夹杂物中的主要元素为C、O、Si,并含有少量Fe、K、Ca、S、Cl、Cr等元素; 在夹杂物周围容易出现二次裂纹,夹杂物的数量和种类直接影响着合金的力学性能.     

Microscopic characterization of semi-solid aluminium alloys

The microstructural evolution and element distribution of the Al-4Cu-Mg alloy during semi-solid compression were investigated,and the precipitate behavior and dislocation morphology were discussed.The experimental results show that the microstructure,the number of CuAl2(θ phase) precipitates,and the dislocation density of the Al-4Cu-Mg alloy depend apparently on the process parameters.More segregation of Cu at the grain boundary happens with an increase of deformation temperature and a decrease of strain ra...