室内空气品质预测新方法

分析了常用的室内空气品质预测方法中存在的问题,根据室内空气品质不满意率和化学污染物对数评价指标间的线性关系,在室内污染物浓度场预测的基础上提出了一种预测室内空气品质的新方法。该方法简单可行,且能综合体现主、客观评价结果。     

建筑室内环境污染物甲醛全过程控制研究

主要研究建筑室内污染物甲醛的全过程控制,分别从事前装修设计阶段预评价、事中样板间控制与事后污染物控制处理3个方面进行阐述。首先调研了当前室内环境污染物甲醛的污染情况与污染特点。根据调研情况逐步深入分析,提出事前对装修设计预评价来控制污染物甲醛浓度。结合工程实际,举例说明了装修设计阶段对设计方案进行甲醛污染水平评价和预测的实施过程。事中样板间控制对控制污染物甲醛也起到了非常重要的作用。此外,还介绍了常用的室内污染物甲醛治理方法与存在的问题。     

住宅空气品质与装修产生污染物的灰色系统关联度分析

本文将灰色系统理论引入居室空气品质的研究中,运用灰色系统关联分析方法把客观所测得的污染物浓度与人们的主观感受结合起来,分析了装修材料引起的居室污染物与空气品质的主观评价之间的关系——室内污染物浓度初值像的曲线几何形状与主观感受的曲线几何形状越相似,曲线之间的距离越小,对主观感受的影响越大。此外,通过对居室内污染物浓度和室内空气品质主观评价的灰色关联度的计算,指出甲醛、苯、氨这三种污染物是对人体主观感受影响较大,导致居室空气品质低劣的主要污染物。     

建筑室内装修污染控制设计方法研究与应用

装修污染给人们的生活、工作带来不良影响。阐述了建筑室内装修设计阶段进行污染物预评价的事前控制方法,提出针对不同装修工程的室内空气质量设计目标分级,对装修材料按污染物释放率进行分级评价。给出了规定指标法和性能指标法2种污染物控制设计方法,并比较了其差异。通过案例,介绍了采用预评价方法进行装修污染物控制设计与优化的工程实施流程。     

北京南站室内热环境使用后评价研究

应用使用后评价理论中主观评价和客观评价相结合的方法,在调研与实测的基础上,对北京南站室内热环境进行了分析研究,总结出大型铁路客站室内热环境营造的设计及优化建议。     

室内空气品质主观评价与室内空气污染物的灰色系统关联度分析

建筑的根本宗旨在向人们提供安全，舒适，健康的室内环境。由于不良通风，室内室气污染物的浓度有时要高于室外空气中的污染物的浓度。室内空气污染物对人体的影响是很复杂的，是长时间，低浓度的，多种污染物同时作用于人体的。本文利用灰色系统关联理论分析室内空气污染物与空气品质的主观评价之间的关系，把客观所测得的污染物浓度与人们的主观感受联系起来，从诸多室内空气污染物中找出对人们的主观感受影响最大的，最主要的污染物。     

基于综合指数评价法 ——严寒地区医院污染物控制有效性研究

在新冠疫情的影响下,严寒地区医院被迫采用自然通风的方式保证室内空气品质.本文通过对严寒地区大型综合医院进行现场测试,检测医院室内空气中主要污染物含量,采用综合指数评价法对医院空气质量进行评价.同时采用对比分析法将实地测试结果与通风后室内污染物浓度对比,发现严寒地区医院通过自然通风的方式换气不仅大大降低了室内人员的热舒适度,而且还容易将室外空气中的污染物带入室内.由此提出严寒地区医院建筑空调系统设计应采用平疫结合的设计思路.本文可作为公共建筑室内污染物控制有效性和室内空气品质优化的依据.     

室内化学污染物的评价新方法

论述了化学污染物是导致室内空气品质问题的主要原因，提出CO2和HCHO可以作为评价室内化学污染水平的代表，并建立了各自的对数评价指标的定义式，验证了对数评价指标与不满意率之间存在很好的线性相关关系，定义了反映室内化学污染水平的综合评价指数，给出了综合指数的计算方法，并按综合评价指数对室内污染水平进行了分类。     

严寒地区冬季农宅室内空气品质评价

本文对严寒地区代表性城市——哈尔滨附近的2个村10户农宅室内污染物进行了测试,并对居民进行了室内空气品质主观问卷调查。基于上述测试数据,用灰色关联综合评价和模糊综合评价方法对农宅的室内空气品质进行了评价。结果表明:农宅室内主要污染物为PM_(2.5)、PM_(10)、CO、CO2、SO2和NOX;农宅室内空气污染严重,但农村居民却对较差的空气品质感知度较低,室内空气品质接受率较高。灰色综合评价法优于模糊综合评价法。     

通风效率性能参数在通风设计中应用的探讨

采用CFD的方法对不同通风方式的典型的办公室内污染物的去除进行了模拟,介绍并比较了换气效率和通风效率作为有效的室内空气品质参数在通风设计和实地测量中的应用：总共进行了3个不同的数值模拟计算,总结实验结果得出：在不知道室内污染源时,采用换气效率比较评价室内通风设计方案;而对于已知室内污染源及释放率的情况,采用通风效率作为评价标准将更准确,以便能详细地给出污染物排除情况。基于本文的研究,空调系统设计者可以根据特定的情况选择适当的参数来指导空调通风系统的设计。     

Experimental studies on indoor air pollution from domestic cooking appliances

The results of an extensive experimental study undertaken to determine the indoor concentration of several pollutants due to the combustion of domestic cooking fuels in respective appliances are summarised. The primary objective has been the statistical significance testing of the results of the pollution measurements. An attempt was also made to study and analyse the effect of a variety of factors affecting the indoor concentration of pollutants. The results have confirmed that there is statistically significant benefit in replacing the traditional biofuel stoves by improved cookstoves. Replacement of a traditional cookstove using dungcakes with a biogas stove also leads to a statistically significant reduction in the indoor concentration of pollutants. Similarly, a transition from traditional biofuels to kerosene/LPG for domestic cooking is found to lead to a significant reduction in the concentrations of indoor pollutants. However, in a large number of situations the trends observed in the level of pollutant concentration as measured during the experimentation are not statistically significant, and the validity of causal explanations usually given for the variation in the concentration of pollutants (due to change in fuel, fuel feeding rate, monitoring positions, etc.) is rather limited.     

基于灰色雷达图理论的室内环境评价

室内环境评价是人们划分室内环境质量的一种科学方法。为了得到客观、准确的室内环境评价结果,本文首先对雷达图理论进行分析,并对其存在的缺陷进行改进。在此基础上,引人灰色聚类白化函数理论,建立了一种新的基于灰色雷达图理论的室内环境综合评价方法,并给出了评价分级标准。最后通过在实际应用中同其它方法所得结果进行比较,验证了该方法所得结果是合理可靠的,为改善室内环境提供了参考和依据。     

室内装修材料中甲醛污染物的检测与防治方法

室内空气污染问题已成为近年来城市居民关注的热点问题之一。装修材料中挥发性有机污染物进入空气,对人体健康造成很大威胁,本文介绍了室内装修中空气污染物甲醛的来源、特点及检测方法,提出了降解室内甲醛污染物的防治措施。     

Indoor air pollutant health prioritization in office buildings

This work presents an original method to identify priority indoor air pollutants in office buildings. It uses both a chronic risk assessment approach by calculating a hazard quotient, and a hazard classification method based on carcinogenic, mutagenic, reprotoxic, and endocrine disruptive effects. A graphical representation of the results provides a comprehensive and concise visualization of all of the information, including the number of buildings where each substance was measured, an indicator of exposure data robustness. Seventy-one out of 342 substances (20%) for which indoor air concentrations have already been measured in office buildings were identified as priority pollutants. The results were compared to previous prioritization studies in various types of indoor environments to assess the reliability of the method and highlight its advantages. Sensitivity analyses were performed to reduce the geographical scope (OECD countries only), time scope (after 2010 only), and measurement duration (working hours only) and showed little influence on the results. Finally, 123 additional substances that could be present in office indoor air but could not be assessed due to the lack of measurement data are proposed for future monitoring surveys to update the prioritization of indoor air pollutants in offices.     

室内环境污染的检测与防治

阐述了室内环境污染的五种主要污染物甲醛、氨、氡、苯、TVOC的检测方法,提出对室内环境检测上的认识误区和防治室内环境污染的措施,从而有效降低室内环境污染,提高室内环境质量要求.     

新装修居室室内空气质量污染物的检测及控制

本文主要介绍了新装修居室室内空气质量污染物的类型、来源及危害．并分析了厦门地区室内空气质量污染物的检测现状，同时提出了新装修居室室内空气质量污染物控制的几点对策。     

Indoor CO2 concentrations and cognitive function: A critical review

Poor indoor air quality indicated by elevated indoor CO₂ concentrations has been linked with impaired cognitive function, yet current findings of the cognitive impact of CO₂ are inconsistent. This review summarizes the results from 37 experimental studies that conducted objective cognitive tests with manipulated CO₂ concentrations, either through adding pure CO₂ or adjusting ventilation rates (the latter also affects other indoor pollutants). Studies with varied designs suggested that both approaches can affect multiple cognitive functions. In a subset of studies that meet objective criteria for strength and consistency, pure CO₂ at a concentration common in indoor environments was only found to affect high-level decision-making measured by the Strategic Management Simulation battery in non-specialized populations, while lower ventilation and accumulation of indoor pollutants, including CO₂, could reduce the speed of various functions but leave accuracy unaffected. Major confounding factors include variations in cognitive assessment methods, study designs, individual and populational differences in subjects, and uncertainties in exposure doses. Accordingly, future research is suggested to adopt direct air delivery for precise control of CO₂ inhalation, include brain imaging techniques to better understand the underlying mechanisms that link CO₂ and cognitive function, and explore the potential interaction between CO₂ and other environmental stimuli.     

室内空气污染及防治对策

分析了室内主要空气污染物的来源,讨论了这些污染物对室内空气的影响及对人体健康的危害,提出了改善室内空气质量,防治室内空气污染的办法,从而改善室内空气质量。     

某住宅室内装修污染物分析与控制

对当前室内装修所用到的装修材料进行了介绍,分析了室内装修材料带来的室内污染物和对人体的危害。以一套经过新装修的住宅为例,主要对卧室内的污染物种类与含量进行了测量,给出室内污染物浓度随着时间的变化情况,测量发现室内主要污染物甲醛的浓度受温度、相对湿度、天气状况等影响。针对室内污染物的散发特点与分布,合理的对装饰装修引起的室内空气污染进行控制。