纳米勃姆石（γ—AlOOH）膜的结构及热稳定性

用金属醇盐水解的溶胶－凝胶法制备得无裂纹等表面缺陷的多孔纳米勃姆石膜，并用Ｘ射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜以及差热热重等实验手段对膜结构及其热稳定性进行研究。实验表明，勃姆石膜具有明显的择优取向性，在３００℃以下稳定。构成勃姆石膜的粒子大小在１０ｎｍ以下，并在一定程度上呈现出纳米尺寸效应，即纳米勃姆石晶粒的晶格点阵常数比通常微米勃姆石晶粒的点阵常数大，且与晶粒尺寸有相关性：晶粒尺寸越小，     

阳极弧等离子体制备纳米镍粉的微结构研究

利用X射线衍射(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)和相应选区电子衍射(SAED)等测试手段,对阳极弧放电等离子体技术制备的不同晶粒尺寸的纳米镍粉体的晶体结构、晶格参数、形貌、粒度进行性能表征。实验结果表明:阳极弧等离子体法制备的纳米镍粉体的晶格常数均大于完整单晶镍的晶格常数,晶格畸变表现为晶格膨胀。18 nm~52 nm之间纳米粉的晶格常数随着晶粒尺寸的减小而增大,晶格畸变量与晶粒尺寸的倒数成正比。     

板钛矿基纳米TiO2中板钛矿相和金红石相点阵参量研究

利用射线衍分析技术对板钛矿基纳米ＴｉＯ２系列榈中板钛矿和工石相的晶粒点阵参量进行了较细致的研究，并得了晶面间距、晶格常数、轴比、晶胞体积等参数及其相对于常且晶的变化情况，初步提示了晶粒微结构的尺寸效应。作首次在所制备的板钛矿基纳米ＴｉＯ２样品中发现板钛矿和金红石相晶粒存在着非单调、各向异性晶格变现象。     

冷轧变形纳米晶钴的X射线衍射研究

对冷轧变形前后纳米金属钴的微观应变。晶格常数以及晶粒尺寸的变化进行了研究，对X射线衍射图谱进行了分析计算，结果表明，变形过后晶体内部存有残余内应力并导致了微观应变，应变大小为ε=1．412×10q；对变形前后的晶格常数进行计算，得到变形后的晶格常数为a=0．25241nm；c=0．40782nm；透射电镜的观察和衍射谱线的计算表明变形后纳米金属钴的晶粒大小与形状基本未发生变化，平均晶粒尺寸为18．8nm。有可能是空位的活动降低了变形过程中的晶界迁移几率，使得变形后的晶粒尺寸基本没有发生变化。     

纳米晶体Fe2O3点阵参量的研究

对γ相和α相纳米晶体Fe_2O_3的系列样品进行了X射线衍射点阵参量实验研究和计算。结合所得到的晶粒度和微结构参数，发现纳米晶体Fe_2O_3的晶粒组元中存在着晶格畸变；随着温度的升高，γ相和α相纳米晶体Fe_2O_3的点阵参量呈现出了明显的变化，其晶格畸变与晶粒度和温度有较密切的关联。     

纳米晶体Fe2O3点阵参量的研究

对γ相和α相纳米晶体Ｆｅ２Ｏ３的系列样品进行了Ｘ射线衍射点阵参量实验研究和计算。结合所得到的晶粒度和微结构参数，发现纳米晶体Ｆｅ２Ｏ３的晶粒组元中存在着晶格畸变；随着温度的升高，γ和α相纳米晶体Ｆｅ２Ｏ３的点阵参量呈现出了明显的变化，其晶格畸变与晶粒度和温度有较密切的关联。     

浅述勃姆石的制备及应用研究进展

勃姆石是铝土矿的主要组成部分,具有独特的晶体结构,是制备不同晶型氧化铝的重要前驱体材料,广泛应用于催化剂及载体、造纸填料、无机阻燃剂等多个领域。本文重点介绍了勃姆石的制备,尤其是不同形貌的纳米勃姆石的制备,并系统分析了勃姆石的应用概况。     

勃姆石改性氧化铝膜对刚果红染料吸附的研究

通过水热法对氧化铝膜进行勃姆石表面涂层修饰,在膜的表面形成勃姆石片状和花状的多级微纳米结构.用XRD、FE-SEM、FTIR表征改性氧化铝膜的表面形态结构,并对改性前后氧化铝膜的纯水通量、孔隙率以及对刚果红染料的吸附性和过滤效果进行了研究.结果表明:改性后氧化铝膜的纯水通量和孔隙率均有所降低,但是对刚果红溶液的吸附和过滤效果明显提高.     

W-Cu纳米晶粉体的制备及表征

采用机械舍金化技术制备了W-20％Cu和W-50％Cu纳米晶粉体，通过XRD、SEM、TEM等手段对机械舍佥化过程中W-Cu纳米晶复合粉的组成、晶格常数、晶粒尺寸和形貌结构进行了表征与分析。结果表明，W-20％Cu混合粉经过高能球磨，Cu元素完全固溶进w晶格中，形成W（Cu）固溶体；W-50％Cu复合粉经过高能球磨，形成W（Cu）和Cu（W）两种固溶体。W、Cu的合金化主要是依靠高能球磨过程中产生的大量纳米晶界和高密度的缺陷（位错、层错等）促使W、Cu之间的固溶。W-Cu复合粉的晶格常数和晶粒尺寸随着球磨时间的延长而减小，球磨一定时间后，都趋于稳定。球磨20h后，W-20％Cu和W-50％Cu复合粉中W（Cu）的晶粒尺寸分别为6．6和8．0nm。     

醇盐水解-水热法制备高结晶度纳米氢氧化铝

以异丙醇铝为主要原料,采用醇盐水解结合水热处理的合成方法,制备出了高纯度、高结晶度、易分散的勃姆石型纳米氢氧化铝材料.实验结果表明,醇铝水解后生成拟薄水铝石,然后在水热条件下转变为勃姆石;升高水解温度和水热温度,延长水热时间有利于提高勃姆石型氢氧化铝的结晶度.     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

A study of centrifugal cast high boron high speed steel

In the present study a high‐boron high speed steel (HSS) roll material was designed. Many expensive alloy elements have been substituted by cheap boron alloy, and high‐boron high speed steel roll has been manufactured by centrifugal casting method. The microstructures, mechanical properties and wear resistance of centrifugal casting high‐boron high speed steel roll have been investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, hardness test, impact test and wear test. The results indicated that the solidification microstructures of high‐boron high speed steel roll consisted of M₂(B,C), (W,Mo)₂(B,C), M₃(B,C), M₂₃(B,C)₆ type borocarbides and martensite, a small amount of retained austenite. Borocarbides were continuously distributed over the grain boundary. After quenching from 1050 °C, local broken network appeared in partial borocarbides, and fine secondary borocarbide precipitated from the matrix. After tempering from 525 °C, the amount of precipitated borocarbide increased significantly. After heat treatment, the hardness of high‐boron high speed steel roll excelled 60 HRC, and its impact toughness excelled 8.0 J/cm². The single groove steel rolling amount of high‐boron high speed steel rolls increases by 500% than that of bainite cast iron roll, when the rolls are used in K₁ mill housing of bar mill.     

Brainstorming for ISO Strategy 2016-2020

正Responding to ISO’s appeal for survey for the to-be-developed ISO Strategy Plan for 2016-2020,SAC hosted a special workshop over the needs and comments of various fi elds on June 8 in Beijing.The workshop was attended by ISO President-elect and Ansteel General Manager Zhang Xiaogang,SAC Vice-Administrator Yu Xinli,and 30 experts from     

CNAS Passes APLAC's PTP Review

正The review group of Asia Pacific Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation(APLAC)carried out a 4-day peer review of the proficiency testing provider(PTP)for China National Accreditation Service for Conformity Assessment(CNAS)from July 28 to 31,2014.CNAS passed the PTP review with excellent performance.Two senior peer reviewers of APLAC made a comprehensive,rigorous and detailed review of CNAS’s PTP accreditation activities,and made the on-spot inspection of the review groups in Shanghai and Shenzhen respectively.     

新闻(英文)

正China and Greece Sign the Standardization Cooperation Agreement Witnessed by Chinese Premier Li Keqiang and Greek Prime Minister Antonis Samaras,AQSIQ Minister Zhi Shuping and ELOT Chairman and Executive Director Angelos Tolkas signed the SAC-ELOT Standardization Cooperation Agreement.The Agreement is one of the critical cooperation documents signed during Li Keqiang’s visit in Greece,encouraging China and Greece to