有色矿山酸性废水处理技术及其发展前景

介绍了有色矿山酸性废水的来源、分布及其危害,分析总结了改造选矿流程、中和法、硫化法和置换中和法等经济、实用的矿山酸性废水处理技术现状.提出最佳的处理工艺要体现出以下优点保证处理效果,运行稳定;基建投资少;能耗和运行费用低;占地面积少;管理简单;污泥量少等.还进一步阐述了矿山酸性废水处理技术的发展前景,指出高效、廉价、安全及操作简便是矿山酸性废水处理技术的发展方向.     

矿山酸性废水治理技术现状及进展

矿山酸性废水（AMD）富含重金属离子,对环境危害极大。综述了国内外矿山酸性废水治理技术的研究现状,包括物理法、化学法、生物化学法等,分析了相关处理技术的特点、存在的问题及其应用前景,并探讨了矿山酸性废水的治理技术的进展和趋势。     

矿山酸性废水治理试验研究

金属矿山酸性废水的形成机理比较复杂,且pH值低、酸度大、重金属离子含量高。以马鞍山向山垃圾场尾矿坝酸性废水为研究对象,通过不同中和药剂的添加试验,分析、总结了此类废水处理的一般规律,并对处理后废水pH出现返酸现象进行了研究分析,并提出了处理意见;从技术经济和环保的角度得出用电石渣处理该酸性废水最为合理的结论。     

矿山酸性废水治理研究现状

本简述了矿山酸性废水的来源、特点、危害,并综述了各种矿山酸性废水治理的方法。     

矿山酸性废水治理的研究及SAPS技术展望

总结论述了矿山酸性废水(AMD)的形成和治理状况,重点论述了被动处理技术中的SAPS技术及其处理效果,认为SAPS技术是一种对酸性废水治理有发展前途的技术。     

矿山酸性废水治理HDS工艺技术研究

HDS处理工艺是一种高效底泥循环回流技术,在矿山酸性废水治理中具有提高药剂利用率、提高污泥浓度、改善污泥沉降浓缩特性等优点,在国外矿山酸性废水治理中具有广泛的应用,在国内仅有部分试验研究。通过实验室试验以及结合研究资料对HDS处理工艺在矿山酸性废水的治理过程机理进行了研究,同时对技术研究进展及应用等方面进行了现状分析。     

国内外矿山酸性废水治理与综合利用研究进展

在矿产资源开采和利用过程中产生的酸性矿山废水(AMD)是全球矿业面临的一个严重的环境问题.酸性矿山废水具有pH值低、重金属和硫酸盐含量高等特点,给生态环境和人类健康带来了极大的危害.介绍了酸性矿山废水的形成及危害,综述了国内外酸性矿山废水处理技术的研究现状,包括物理法、化学法和生物法等.讨论了各处理技术的优缺点,总结了...     

南山铁矿酸性废水治理技术的进展

马钢南山铁矿酸性废水治理过程可分为三个阶段：初始阶段、攻坚阶段、突破阶段。从工艺技术角度分析其得失后,提出了技术改进措施。     

用SRB修复污染的酸性矿山废水

《Hydrometallurgy》2005年77卷(1~2)期上发表了Luptarova A·文章,介绍用硫酸盐还原菌(SRB)修复被重金属污染的酸性矿山外排废水的研究成果。随采矿活动的进行,酸性矿山外排废水(AMD)已成为威胁环境的主要问题。这种利用SRB去除AMD中重金属的方法是基于SRB在该环境下产生HS-,从而使重金属生成溶解度较小的硫化物沉淀。反应式如下:4 H2 SO42- H SRBHS- 4 H2O,有机质(C·H·O) SO42-SRBHS- HCO3-,Me2 HS-MeS H 。作者以2种不同的方法,考察了SRB对样品溶液中沉淀Cu2 的动力学。第一种方法使用1个反应器,在该反应器种,…     

酸性矿山废水中表面钝化技术的研究进展

酸性矿山废水(AMD)是最为严重的环境污染之一,主要由黄铁矿氧化引起。AMD的治理主要有末端处理和源头控制两条途径,末端处理技术不能从根本上解决污染问题,因此从源头控制黄铁矿的氧化是治理AMD的根本途径。源头控制技术主要有覆盖法、杀菌法和表面钝化法等,表面钝化法是目前科研工作者的研究热点。在介绍AMD成因的基础上,综述了各种表面钝化技术。重点概述了有机硅烷、载体-微胶囊化、自修复等技术的研究现状,分析了不同方法的优缺点,并针对其不足之处提出了今后的研究方向。为解决黄铁矿氧化问题、实现AMD污染的有效治理提供参考。     

Review of Passive Systems for Acid Mine Drainage Treatment

When appropriately designed and maintained, passive systems can provide long-term, efficient, and effective treatment for many acid mine drainage (AMD) sources. Passive AMD treatment relies on natural processes to neutralize acidity and to oxidize or reduce and precipitate metal contaminants. Passive treatment is most suitable for small to moderate AMD discharges of appropriate chemistry, but periodic inspection and maintenance plus eventual renovation are generally required. Passive treatment technologies can be separated into biological and geochemical types. Biological passive treatment technologies generally rely on bacterial activity, and may use organic matter to stimulate microbial sulfate reduction and to adsorb contaminants; constructed wetlands, vertical flow wetlands, and bioreactors are all examples. Geochemical systems place alkalinity-generating materials such as limestone in contact with AMD (direct treatment) or with fresh water up-gradient of the AMD. Most passive treatment systems employ multiple methods, often in series, to promote acid neutralization and oxidation and precipitation of the resulting metal flocs. Before selecting an appropriate treatment technology, the AMD conditions and chemistry must be characterized. Flow, acidity and alkalinity, metal, and dissolved oxygen concentrations are critical parameters. This paper reviews the current state of passive system technology development, provides results for various system types, and provides guidance for sizing and effective operation.     

Long-term Performance of Passive Acid Mine Drainage Treatment Systems

Abstract.   State and federal reclamation programs, mining operators, and citizen-based watershed organizations have constructed hundreds of passive systems in the eastern U. S. over the past 20 years to provide reliable, low cost, low maintenance mine water treatment in remote locations. While performance has been reported for individual systems, there has not been a comprehensive evaluation of the performance of each treatment type for a wide variety of conditions. We evaluated 83 systems; five types in eight states. Each system was monitored for influent and effluent flow, ph, net acidity, and metal concentrations. Performance was normalized among types by calclating acid loading reductions and removals, and by converting construction cost, projected service life, and metric tonnes of acid load treated into cost per tonne of acid treated. Of the 83 systems, 82 reduced acid load. Average acid load reductions were 9.9 t/yr for open limestone channels (OLC), 10.1 t/yr for vertical flow wetland (VFW), 11.9 t/yr for anaerobic wetlands (AnW), 16.6 t/yr for limestone leach beds (LSB), and 22.2 t/yr for anoxic limestone drains (ALD). Average costs for acid removal varied from $83/t/yr for ALDs to $527 for AnWs. Average acid removals were 25 g/m²/day for AnWs, 62 g/m²/day for VFWs, 22 g/day/t for OLCs, 28 g/day/t for LSBs, and 56 g/day/t for ALDs. It appears that the majority of passive systems are effective but there was wide variation within each system type, so improved reliability and efficiency are needed. This report is an initial step in determining passive treatment system performance; additional work is needed to refine system designs and monitoring.     

酸性矿山废水形成与处理中的微生物作用

介绍硫酸盐还原菌(SRB)法处理酸性矿山废水的机理、影响因素和发展现状,指出目前酸性矿山废水处理中存在问题并提出解决方法。     

酸性矿山废水（AMD）地球化学工程防治技术

酸性矿山废水（AMD）的地球化学工程防治技术,意指根据AMD的生成机理,采用地球化学方法（包括AMD预测评价、覆盖和渗透反应栅等技术）对AMD（及重金属）污染进行预防控制和治理的集成技术。该项技术具有长效、低成本、易施工,以及原位治理等特点,适用于处理排放持续时间长、富含毒性重金属的酸性污水,值得在我国的金属硫化物矿山开发应用。     

离子液体处理煤矿酸性矿井水的新设想

离子液体作为一类新型的溶剂或功能材料,不仅具有许多的优良的性质,而且可以通过设计和改变阴阳离子的结构和组成来调节离子液体的性质以达到特定的应用目的。简述了煤矿酸性矿井水的形成机理及其危害,通过分析研究大量的关于离子液体处理金属离子的文献,提出了利用具有绿色溶剂之称的离子液体进行处理酸性矿井水的设想。     

Carbothermal Reduction of Barium Sulfate-Rich Sludge from Acid Mine Drainage Treatment

The alkali–barium–calcium (ABC) desalination process is basically an integrated lime/limestone neutralisation process combined with a sulfate removal stage using barium carbonate (BaCO₃), and a sludge processing stage. The BaSO₄/CaCO₃ sludge generated during the desalination stage is treated to recover BaS and CaO by dewatering and thermal processes, with the ultimate goal of producing sulfur and recovering BaCO₃. BaCO₃ is the main raw material used for sulfate removal and its recovery ensures that the ABC process is environmentally and financially sustainable. South Africa is also a large importer of sulfur. We evaluated the optimum conditions for the thermal treatment of BaSO₄/CaCO₃ sludge to recover by-products. A high temperature tube furnace was used to reduce BaSO₄/CaCO₃ sludge obtained from a pilot plant test conducted at a gold mine shaft. We used response surface methodology to investigate the combined effects of relevant process variables (time, temperature, and the carbon/barium sulfate (C/BaSO₄) molar ratio to maximize the reduction of BaSO₄/CaCO₃ sludge. At optimal process conditions (T = 1,028 °C; molar ratio of C/BaSO₄ = 2.8 mol/mol), the tube furnace yield of BaS from waste sludge was over 78.5 % after 35 min. Furthermore, the results were similar to those generated by roasting a laboratory-grade mixture of barite and calcite concentrates.     

Treatment of Acid Mine Drainage Using a Fly Ash Zeolite Column

Acid mine drainage (AMD) and fly ash from thermal power plants both pose substantial environmental problems in India. Fly ash from the Talcher super thermal power plant was converted into zeolite and used in a column to treat AMD from the abandoned Gorbi opencast mines (Singrauli coalfields, NCL). The pH of the mine water increased, and 100 % of the total hardness, Ca hardness, Mg hardness, Mn, Zn, Pb, Cd, Ni, and acidity were removed, along with 99 % of the Fe and 90 % of the Cu.     

含铜酸性废水硫化沉淀高浓度调浆的试验研究

针对含铜矿山酸性废水酸性强和铜、铁含量高的特点,采用硫化沉淀结合高浓度调浆技术进行处理,不仅使处理后的水可以达标排放或回用,还可有效回收废水中的铜,降低处理成本。     

Application of a Peat-humic Agent for Treatment of Acid Mine Drainage

A peat-humic agent (PHA), derived by mechanical, chemical, and thermobaric treatment of peat from the Krugloe deposit (Novosibirsk region, Russia), is a good sorbent for potentially toxic elements, and can be used to neutralise acid mine drainage (AMD). A new AMD remediation method has been developed using this PHA with subsequent solid/liquid separation using haydite sand or activated carbon.