用硫酸从钴土矿中还原浸出钴的试验研究

针对琼北地区某钴土矿,以硫酸亚铁和稀硫酸作浸取剂,通过一系列单因素条件试验,考察了温度、时间、硫酸初始浓度、搅拌转速和液固体积质量比对钴浸出率的影响。试验结果表明:在反应温度50℃、浸出时间2h、硫酸初始浓度1.2mol/L、搅拌转速250r/min、液固体积质量比10∶1条件下,钴浸出率可达96.1%。在优化条件下重复试验,钴平均浸出率达满意结果。     

用硫酸从废旧锂电池除铜尾渣中浸出镍、钴动力学

研究了用硫酸从废旧锂电池湿法浸出除铜尾渣中浸出镍、钴动力学,考察了温度、硫酸浓度、液固体积质量比、浸出时间和搅拌速度对镍、钴浸出率的影响。结果表明:在温度80℃、硫酸浓度1.80mol/L、液固体积质量比10∶1、浸出时间5h及搅拌速度900r/min条件下,镍、钴浸出率达85.73%和81.93%;固膜扩散是反应速率控制步骤,镍、钴浸出反应表观活化能分别为11.29、10.02kJ/mol;提高温度、硫酸浓度和液固体积质量比,均可加速镍、钴的浸出,提高镍、钴浸出率。     

从废锂离子电池除铜尾渣中浸出钴镍试验研究

研究了在超声场中从废锂离子电池除铜废渣中浸出钴和镍,考察了温度、硫酸浓度、液固体积质量比、浸出时间、机械搅拌速度和超声功率对钴、镍浸出率的影响。结果表明:在温度80℃、硫酸浓度2 mol/L、液固体积质量比8∶1、浸出时间2 h、搅拌速度100 r/min、超声功率300 W条件下,钴、镍浸出率分别达90%和87%,浸出效果较好。     

钛白酸解废渣中钛的浸出工艺研究

采用加碱高温焙烧对硫酸法钛白粉产生的酸解渣进行预处理,再使用硫酸进行浸出。通过正交试验和单因素试验考察了反应时间、液固比、搅拌转速、硫酸浓度和浸出温度对钛浸出率的影响。结果表明,影响钛浸出率大小的因素依次为反应时间、液固比、搅拌转速、硫酸浓度、浸出温度。在反应时间60min、液固比3、搅拌转速700r/min、硫酸浓度11.0mol/L、浸出温度95.0℃、酸解渣粒度-0.147mm的条件下,钛浸出率达到90.35%。     

两矿法浸出钴白合金工艺及机制研究

研究了采用钴白合金-水钴矿两矿法从钴白合金中浸出钴和铜,考察了浸出温度、硫酸浓度、液固体积质量比、反应时间、搅拌速度、两矿质量比对钴、铜浸出率的影响。试验结果表明:在温度70℃、硫酸浓度1mol/L、液固体积质量比6∶1、反应时间4h、搅拌速度350r/min、水钴矿和钴白合金质量比16∶1条件下,钴、铜浸出率分别为99.8%和99.2%;钴白合金和水钴矿的氧化还原反应过程是通过Fe2+与Fe3+在反应溶液中的电子转移实现的。     

复杂铜钴合金酸浸-氧化酸浸工艺及动力学研究

针对难处理复杂铜钴合金不易浸出的问题,本文采用一段直接酸浸-二段氧化酸浸工艺进行了单因素试验,考察了各因素对钴、铜和铁的浸出率的影响,试验结果表明:一段浸出最佳工艺条件是硫酸浓度2 mol/L、反应温度85℃、搅拌转速200 r/min、固液比1:10 g/mL、反应时间105 min,二段浸出最佳工艺条件是反应温度8...     

褐铁型红土镍矿活化预处理后选择性浸出镍钴

以褐铁型红土镍矿为原料,研究了其活化预处理后镍、钴和铁的选择性浸出。考察了温度、时间、液固比、搅拌转速及氟化钠加入量对金属浸出效果的影响,得出最佳工艺条件为:温度85℃、浸出时间3h、液固比5∶1(mL/g)、搅拌速度400r/min及NaF添加量4%,镍、钴浸出率高达85.62%和94.26%,铁以黄钠铁矾的形式进入渣相,浸出率低至2.43%。活化预处理可以实现褐铁型红土镍矿中镍、钴和铁的选择性浸出。     

用硫酸从某难处理氧化铜矿石中浸出铜试验研究

研究了从某难处理氧化铜矿石中酸浸铜,考察了硫酸质量浓度、液固体积质量比、搅拌速度、矿石粒度、浸出时间、温度对铜浸出率的影响。结果表明:在硫酸质量浓度165g/L、液固体积质量比3∶1、搅拌速度300r/min、矿石粒度-74μm占50%、浸出时间100min、温度40℃条件下,铜浸出率为93%,试验效果较好。     

钴冰镍常压浸出工艺研究

以镍转炉渣还原硫化熔炼得到的钴冰镍为原料,在常压下于硫酸体系中进行浸出,考察了硫酸浓度、液固比、浸出时间及浸出温度对钴冰镍中有价成分浸出率的影响。结果表明,液固比和硫酸浓度对钴、镍、铁的浸出率影响较大。当硫酸浓度为1.6mol/L、液固比5、浸出时间2.5h、浸出温度85℃时,铁浸出率达到69%,镍、钴浸出率分别控制在1%和5%以内,取得了很好的选择性浸出效果。     

布袋灰中有价金属锌和铜的浸出试验研究

研究了用硫酸从布袋灰中浸出有价金属锌和铜,考察了硫酸浓度、浸出温度、浸出时间、液固体积质量比对锌、铜浸出率的影响。试验结果表明:用浓度为1.61mol/L的硫酸,在温度95℃、液固体积质量比6∶1条件下搅拌浸出2h,锌浸出率达97.23%,铜浸出率达96.78%,浸出效果较好;砷随铜、锌浸出进入浸出液。     

A new method for recovering valuable metals from low-grade nickeliferous oxide ores

A new method, the concentrated sulfuric acid acidolysis and water leaching (SAWL) of nickeliferous oxide ores, is proposed and the optimal conditions for recovery of nickel, cobalt and copper from a low-grade Chinese nickeliferous oxide ore are presented. A series of experiments were conducted which examined the effect of acid charge, acid curing temperature and acid curing time. Recoveries of up to 95%, 83% and 95% for Ni, Cu and Co, respectively were obtained with only the sulfuric acid at ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure. Comparing the percolation leaching with agitation leaching showed that percolation leaching was capable of extracting the valuable metals with water. The SAWL method was scaled to three-stages counter-current leaching tests using 1 kg of ore. The results indicate greater than 90% extraction for nickel and cobalt.     

Sulfuric acid leaching of polymetallic Abu Zeneima gibbsite-shale

The gibbsite shales belonging to the Paleozoic sequence of sedimentary rocks occurring at the Abu Zeneima area in SW Sinai Egypt has been found to host several economic metal values. These include Al, Cu, Zn, Co, Ni, REE, and U beside several Mn minerals. In this work, the ore was subjected to sulfuric acid leaching to maximize extraction of these metal values. The optimum leaching conditions were 800 g/L acid with a Solid/Liquid ratio of 1/2 at 100 °C for 4 h and using an ore size of − 60 mesh. Under these conditions, it was possible to achieve high leaching efficiencies with complete leaching of Al together with 93.0% Cu, 58.6% Zn, 69.0% Co, 92.6% Ni and 84.4% U. Extension of the leaching time to 8 and 12 h significantly improved the leaching efficiencies of Co and Zn to 91.0% and 84.0% respectively.     

废镍氢电池中镍、钴和稀土金属回收工艺研究

介绍了湿法处理工艺对废镍氢电池中镍、钴、稀土(RE)金属的回收,考察了浸出时间、液固比、硫酸初始浓度及浸出温度等因素对镍、钴、稀土浸出率的影响;溶液pH、无水硫酸钠与浸出液中RE3+的摩尔比、反应温度等因素对稀土回收率的影响。通过正交试验确定了镍、钴、稀土在稀硫酸中的优化浸出条件以及产生稀土复盐沉淀的优化沉淀条件。实验结果表明,优化硫酸浸出条件为:浸出时间为3.8h,液固比为15,硫酸初始浓度为1.8mol·L-1,浸出温度80℃。在优化浸出条件下,镍的浸出率达96.8%,钴的浸出率达97.3%,稀土的浸出率达94.6%。稀土复盐的优化沉淀条件为:溶液pH为2.0,无水硫酸钠与浸出液中RE3+的摩尔比为4,反应温度为60℃。在此条件下,RE回收率为96.7%。     

微波辅助硫酸浸出红土镍矿的研究

以红土镍矿为原料,研究了微波辅助硫酸浸出镍钴的工艺条件。考察了硫酸浓度、微波功率、微波温度、辐射时间、液固体积质量比对镍钴浸出率的影响。结果表明,在硫酸浓度3.0mol/L、微波功率700 W、微波温度90℃、辐射时间2.5 h、液固体积质量比4:1的最佳工艺条件下,镍浸出率达91%,钴浸出率65%以上。     

Leaching behavior of metals from a limonitic nickel laterite using a sulfation–roasting–leaching process

The leaching behavior of metals from a limonitic laterite was investigated using a sulfation–roasting–leaching process for the recovery of nickel and cobalt. The ore was mixed with water and concentrated sulfuric acid followed by roasting and finally leaching with water. Various parameters were studied including the amount of acid added, roasting temperature and time, sample particle size, addition of Na₂SO₄ and solid/liquid ratio in leaching process. More than 88% Ni, 93% Co and < 4% Fe are extracted under the determined conditions. Simultaneously, about 90% Mn and Cu, 70% Mg, 45% Al, 25% Zn, 4% Cr and Ca are extracted respectively. The pH of the leach solution is about 2. The leaching efficiency is independent of sample particle size due to decomposition of ferric sulfate formed during roasting. The roasted mass was characterized by various physico-chemical techniques such as DSC/TGA, XRD and SEM. This process provides a simple and effective way for the extraction of nickel and cobalt from laterite ore.     

铜闪速炉烟灰硫酸化焙烧后焙砂浸出试验研究

考察了搅拌速度、浸出时间、初始硫酸浓度、浸出温度、液固质量比等条件对稀硫酸浸出铜闪速炉烟灰硫酸化焙烧所得焙砂的影响。结果表明,在下述最佳浸出条件下:搅拌速度400r/min、浸出时间70min、初始硫酸浓度0.8mol/L、浸出温度60℃、液固质量比5∶1,铜、铁、砷、铟等有价金属浸出率均在90%以上。     

Enrichment of valuable metals from the sulfuric acid leach liquors of nickeliferous oxide ores

The enrichment of valuable metals from sulfuric acid leach liquors of various nickeliferous oxide ores has been investigated. Suitable enrichment processes based on sulfide precipitation and the Na-jarosite process have been tested and proved to be effective for recovering Ni, Co, and Cu from high-magnesium and high-iron pregnant liquors. Once the major impurities of magnesium and iron had been separated from the valuable metals, the resulting concentrated sulfate solutions mainly containing valuable metals (Ni, Co, and Cu) could be used for further metal separations by solvent extraction methods. It is hoped that such sequences may also be applied for the recovery and enrichment of valuable metals from dilute pregnant leaching liquors.     

软锰矿协同氧化浸出硫化渣回收锰钴镍工艺研究

以电解二氧化锰过程中硫化除重金属的硫化渣为原料,基于热力学分析结果,以稀硫酸为浸出剂,辅以软锰矿协同氧化浸出硫化渣,以回收其中的锰、钴、镍有价金属。考察了矿渣比、始酸浓度、液固比、反应温度对锰、钴、镍浸出率的影响。结果表明,适宜条件为：温度363.15 K、矿渣比0.08、始酸浓度90 g/L、反应时间180 min,锰、钴、镍的浸出率分别为93.5%、87.4%、86.3%。     

疏松型粉煤灰硫酸水热浸出法提取铝

以内蒙古某电厂疏松型粉煤灰为研究对象,采用硫酸水热浸出的方法提取粉煤灰中的铝,在分析粉煤灰成分、形貌和物相的基础上,研究浸出温度、浸出时间、硫酸浓度、硫酸用量工艺参数对铝提取率的影响,通过X射线衍射对浸出渣的物相进行表征。结果表明,在浸出温度为180 ℃、浸出时间为4 h、硫酸浓度(质量分数)为61%、硫酸用量为理论值的3倍的条件下浸出粉煤灰,铝的提取率可达88%以上。该工艺具有浸出温度低、硫酸浓度低、铝提取率较高等特点,对疏松型粉煤灰的开发利用具有实际意义。     

硫酸烧渣加压浸取铁

采用自制硫化物助浸剂在密闭反应釜中还原浸出硫酸烧渣中的铁。分别进行了助浸剂用量、硫酸用量、始酸浓度、反应温度、搅拌速度、反应时间等条件试验,考察各因素对浸取效果的影响。结果表明:当酸浸渣25.0g,助浸剂过剩系数1.1,硫酸过剩系数1.4,始酸浓度3.5mol/L,反应温度95℃,搅拌速度800r/min,反应时间3h时,铁浸取率达99.4%,助浸剂有效利用率达98.9%。