火麻仁油—藻油复配剂对混合型高脂血症大鼠的降脂及抗氧化作用

探讨火麻仁油—藻油复配剂对混合型高脂血症大鼠的降脂作用及抗氧化作用。将50只大鼠随机分为5组,每组10只,分别为空白对照组、模型对照组和复配剂低剂量组、中剂量组及高剂量组。高脂饲料喂养并给予相应药物灌胃后,测大鼠体重、睾脂肪垫重、肾周脂肪垫重、脂体比,检测血脂水平、血清的丙二醛(MAD)、谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量及过氧化超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的活性。结果表明:模型组大鼠与正常组比较,体重、睾脂肪垫重、肾周脂肪垫重、脂体比显著增加,TG、TC含量显著升高,HDL-C显著降低,MDA显著升高,SOD、GSH、GSH-Px显著降低(P0.01或P0.05)。与模型组比较,火麻仁油藻油高、中、低剂量组大鼠体重、睾脂肪垫重、肾周脂肪垫重、脂体比显著降低,MDA含量显著降低,SOD、GSH、GSH-Px含量显著升高(P0.01或P0.05)。火麻仁油—藻油复配剂具有调节血脂和抗氧化作用。     

Effect of fermentation on the antioxidant activity of red beans (Phaseolus radiatus L. var. Aurea) ethanolic extract

The antioxidant activities of 50% ethanol extracts from red bean non-fermented and fermented by Bacillus subtilis or Aspergillus oryzae were determined using Sprague–Dawley rats as a testing model. Oral administration of all the extracts decreased the malondialdehyde (MDA) level in the liver but not in the brain tissue. Bacillus subtilis fermented extract increased the levels of ascorbic acid, α-tocopherol and glutathione (GSH) and the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the liver tissue, while it increased only the ascorbic acid level in the brain tissue. Aspergillus oryzae fermented extract increased the levels of GSH and the SOD activity in the liver tissue, and it also increased GSH and ascorbic acid in the brain tissue. In general, the extracts from fermented red bean were more effective than the non-fermented extract in raising the antioxidant levels in the liver tissue.     

Alterations in antioxidant enzyme activities and oxidative damage in alcoholic rat tissues: Protective role of Thespesia populnea

Recent advances in our understanding of the pathogenesis of alcohol-induced hepato-renal injury and the development of new approaches to its treatment have been reported in various works. This study involves alcohol-induced oxidative stress linked to the metabolism of ethanol involving both mitochondrial and peroxisomal fractions of liver and kidney. Alcohol treatment resulted in the depletion of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), Glutathione-S-Transferase (GST) activities, and reduced glutathione (GSH) content, higher level of malondialdehyde (MDA) and lower levels of protein carbonyls (PC) causing malfunction of hepatic and renal tissues, when compared to control rats. Thespesia populnea (TP) leaf extracts, administered to chronic alcohol ingested rats, were envisaged to possess significant antioxidant defence properties and help in the recovery of tissues from alcohol-induced oxidative damage. The results showed that degenerative changes in hepatic and renal cells of alcoholic groups were minimized by the administration of TP leaf extracts as also revealed by histopathological examination. The current findings indicate that treatment with TP extracts reduces alcohol-induced oxidative stress, thereby protecting the hepatic and renal tissue from alcohol-induced damage.     

南瓜籽甾醇对SD大鼠体内抗氧化作用的影响

从南瓜籽油中提取的南瓜籽甾醇用于对SD大鼠体内抗氧化作用影响的研究。实验中将南瓜籽甾醇分为80、160、320 mg/(kg·d) 3种剂量灌胃SD大鼠,以不灌胃南瓜籽甾醇的SD大鼠为空白对照组。35 d后处死全部SD大鼠并取其血清和肝脏测定总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)水平、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、丙二醛(MDA)和血清中8-羟基脱氧鸟苷(8-OHdG)含量。结果表明:与空白对照组相比,3种剂量组SD大鼠血清和肝脏中的TAOC水平、GSH-Px和SOD活性升高,而血清和肝脏中MDA以及血清中8-OHd G含量降低。说明南瓜籽甾醇对SD大鼠体内抗氧化能力的增强具有一定的促进作用,并且这种作用存在一定的剂量依赖性。     

牛蒡提取物对四氯化碳诱导肝损伤小鼠的保护作用

研究牛蒡提取物对CCl4诱导肝损伤小鼠的保护作用及可能作用机制。以乙醇和水分别提取牛蒡皮和去皮牛蒡根,得牛蒡皮乙醇(LP)、牛蒡皮水(PW)、去皮牛蒡根乙醇(MA)和去皮牛蒡根水(MW)提取物。生化法测定小鼠血清中ALT、AST、ALP、LDH活性、TB含量和肝脏中MDA含量、SOD、GSH活性,蛋白印迹法测定肝组织中XOD、SOD1、SOD2表达量,观察小鼠肝组织病变程度。LP组小鼠血清中ALT、AST、ALP、LDH活力,TB含量显著升高,最高达97%以上;肝脏中MDA含量显著下降,GSH和SOD活力显著升高,最高达45%;肝脏中SOD2表达量升高、XOD表达量下降;肝组织病变程度好于CCl4组。与CCl4组相比较,PW、MA和MW组小鼠血清中ALT和AST活力显著下降,但其他生化指标及肝组织病变程度与CCl4组比较无统计学差异。LP对CCl4诱导肝损伤小鼠的保护机制可能为通过对体内氧自由基的清除,维持肝细胞的稳定性。     

镉对中华圆田螺抗氧化酶活性和脂质过氧化的影响

为研究水环境中重金属镉(Cadmium,Cd)对中华圆田螺(Cipangopaludina cathayensis)肝胰腺组织的抗氧化酶活性和脂质过氧化的影响,实验设置4个Cd2+染毒组(1.5、3.0、6.0和12.0 mg/L)和1个空白对照组,每组分别处理24、48、72和96 h后,测定中华圆田螺肝胰腺组织中的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GPx)、谷胱甘肽转移酶(GST)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)的活力及谷胱甘肽(GSH)和脂质过氧化反应终产物丙二醛(MDA)的含量。结果显示,在暴露24 h时,随着Cd2+浓度的升高,SOD、GPx、CAT、GST和GSH的变化规律相似,均先升高后下降;同一浓度Cd2+暴露后,随着暴露时间的延长,SOD、GPx、GST 和CAT的活力、GSH含量均呈先升后降的趋势。随着时间延长和浓度增加,中华圆田螺肝胰腺组织中的MDA含量呈持续升高趋势。研究表明,中华圆田螺肝胰腺组织中抗氧化酶对Cd2+的毒性反应较灵敏,抗氧化酶活性变化水平和MDA含量的变化均可作为检测中华圆田螺Cd2+污染的生物指标,同时,肝胰腺组织亦可作为检测Cd2+毒性的靶器官。     

The effect of selenium on antioxidant system in erythrocytes and liver of the carp (Cyprinus carpio L.)

The effect of selenium‐supplemented diet (sodium selenate and selenium yeast) on antioxidant in erthrocytes and liver of the carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) fingerlings was studied. With this goal, the activities of glutathione peroxidase (GSH‐Px), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione‐S‐transferase (GST), as well as glutathione (GSH + GSSG) level, were determined. In the group supplemented with sodium selenate, no significant changes in the activity of the above enzymes were recorded in both the erythrocytes and in the liver, with the exception of GST activity that was significantly reduced in the plasma compared with the controls. Glutathione content was at the control level. In the group supplemented with selenium‐yeast, the activities of GSH‐Px, CAT, and SOD were significantly increased in erythrocytes, whereas GST activity and plasma content of GSH + GSSG were reduced compared with the controls. At the same time, the activities of hepatic SOD and GST were increased compared with the controls. These results demonstrate that organically bound selenium (selenium‐yeast) acts more efficiently on antioxidant system of the carp fingerlings than inorganic selenium salts.     

Cinnamomum camphora Seed Kernel Oil Ameliorates Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Diet‐Induced Obese Rats

Cinnamomum camphora seed kernel oil (CCSKO) was found to reduce body fat deposition and improve blood lipid in both healthy and obese rats. The study was aimed to investigate the antioxidative stress and anti‐inflammatory effects of CCSKO in high‐fat‐diet‐induced obese rats. The obese rats were treated with CCSKO, lard, and soybean oil, respectively, for 12 wk. The level of total antioxidant capacity (T‐AOC), activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase, and catalase, and levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α, peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor (PPAR)‐γ, interleukin (IL)‐6, and P65 were compared among CCSKO, lard, and soybean oil groups. Our results showed that the level of T‐AOC and activities of SOD and catalase were significantly increased and the level of MDA was significantly decreased in CCSKO group. In addition, CCSKO treatment reduced the activities of serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase and glutamate‐pyruvate transaminase, and levels of serum TNF‐α, IL‐6, and P65 through raising the level of PPAR‐γ. In conclusion, CCSKO has, for the first time, been found to ameliorate oxidative stress and inflammation in high‐fat‐diet‐induced obese rats.     

韩国产芝麻酱油对AAPH诱发LLC-PK1细胞氧化应激的保护作用

以芝麻酿造酱油乙醇提取物(ethanol extract sesame sauce,SSE)为研究对象,探讨其对1 mmol/L 2,2’-偶氮二异丁基脒二盐酸盐(2,2’-azobis(2-methylpropionamidine)dihydrochloride,AAPH)引发的LLC-PK1猪肾近曲小管上皮细胞氧化应激损伤的保护作用。方法:LLC-PK1细胞与不同质量浓度(10~100μg/m L)的SSE预先共同培养24 h后,用含AAPH的DMEM培养液继续培养4 h建立细胞损伤模型。细胞存活率用四甲基偶氮唑蓝法检测,细胞内丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)含量和总活性氧簇(reactive oxygen species,ROS)水平分别以硫代巴比妥酸比色法和2’,7’-二氢二氯荧光黄双乙酸钠探针法测定。细胞内过氧化氢酶(catalase,CAT)、超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化酶(glutathione peroxidase,GSH-Px)、谷胱甘肽巯基转移酶(glutathione S-transferase,GST)、γ-谷氨酰半胱氨酸合成酶(γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase,γ-GCS)活力和谷胱甘肽(glutathione,GSH)含量按试剂盒说明书以比色法测定。结果表明,SSE预处理可以提高受损细胞存活率,降低细胞内总ROS水平和MDA含量。同时,SSE还能提高受损细胞内抗氧化酶(CAT、SOD、GSH-Px)及γ-GCS活力并提高细胞内GSH含量。实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应分析也提示SSE能上调细胞内抗氧化物酶(CAT、SOD和GSH-Px)的m RNA表达量。此外,SSE可以通过提高细胞内源性抗氧化系统能力来降低细胞内MDA和ROS水平,并由此缓解AAPH对LLC-PK1细胞所造成的氧化应激损伤。     

南瓜籽油对大鼠血脂及抗氧化作用的影响

研究南瓜籽油对实验性高血脂大鼠的降血脂和抗氧化作用,采用高脂饮食构建高血脂大鼠模型,连续灌胃实验6周后,测定血清TG、TC水平及抗氧化指标。与高脂模型组相比,南瓜籽油各剂量组均有降低血清TG、TC及MDA水平和升高血清GSH-Px、SOD的作用,其中以中剂量组的降脂作用和抗氧化效果最好。中剂量组能显著降低血清TG和MDA水平的作用(P<0.05),降低血清TC和升高GSH-Px、SOD作用都达到极显著水平(P<0.01)。结果表明,南瓜籽油对大鼠有显著降低血脂和抗氧化作用。     

霍山石斛不同提取物抗小鼠亚急性酒精性肝损伤活性的比较研究

目的：比较霍山石斛不同提取物抗小鼠亚急性酒精性肝损伤的活性。方法：制备霍山石斛冷冻干燥物、水提物、水提醇溶物、水提醇沉物、水提粗多糖5 种提取物;以连续灌胃30%乙醇的小鼠为亚急性酒精性肝损伤模型,以霍山石斛不同提取物连续灌胃30 d后,称量小鼠体质量及肝质量,测定血清中谷丙转氨酶（alanineaminotransferase,ALT）、谷草转氨酶（aspartate aminotransferase,AST）、碱性磷酸酶（alkaline phosphatase,ALP）活性,以及总胆固醇（total cholesterol,TC）、甘油三酯（triglyceride,TG）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（highdensity lipoprotein cholesterol,HDL-C）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（low density lipoprotein cholesterol,LDL-C）含量,同时测定肝脏中乙醇脱氢酶（alcohol dehydrogenase,ADH）、乙醛脱氢酶（acetaldehyde dehydrogenase,ALDH）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（glutathione peroxidase,GSH-Px）、超氧化物歧化酶（superoxide dismutase,SOD）活性,丙二醛（malondialdehyde,MDA）、谷胱甘肽（glutathione,GSH）水平,并检查肝组织损伤病理变化。结果：霍山石斛水提醇溶物抗亚急性酒精性肝损伤的活性最差,醇沉物、水提物、冷冻干燥物具有一定的肝损伤保护活性,水提粗多糖各个剂量组均可显著改善肝脏组织损伤和脂肪变性（P＜0.05）,降低血清ALT、AST、ALP活性和LDL-C、TC、TG水平,提高血清HDL-C含量,增强肝组织ADH、ALDH、SOD、GSH-Px活性,减少肝组织GSH损耗并抑制肝组织MDA含量增加。结论：多糖是霍山石斛抗小鼠亚急性酒精性肝损伤的功能因子。     

Hepatoprotective effects of lycopene against carbon tetrachloride-induced acute liver injury in rats

Lycopene, the major carotenoid in tomatoes, is a known antioxidant that may lower oxidative stress biomarkers by a mechanism that is not fully elucidated. The intoxication of rats with carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄) resulted in significant histological hepatic degradation accompanied by a marked increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and in the number of apoptotic cells. The induced oxidative stress in turn results in a significant elevation of lipid peroxidation and H₂O₂ generation, together with a decrease in the concentration of reduced glutathione (GSH) and a significant reduction in activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione S transferase (GST). CCl₄-intoxicated rats, pre-treated with lycopene, showed strongly reduced cell damage and ROS generation. The level of markers for hepatic integrity in lycopene pre-treated rats was close to the controls in the absence of CCl₄ treatment, indicating the protective effect of lycopene pre-treatment. In the same way, lycopene pre-treated rats significantly increased SOD, CAT, GPx, GST activities and GSH level. In addition, we measured an increased lipoxygenase (LOX) activity in CCl₄-intoxicated rats. This activity was reduced in lycopene pre-treated rats to values close to those observed in the controls, suggesting a potential pharmacological application of this dietary carotenoid.     

低聚葡萄籽原花青素联合顺铂对人肺腺癌细胞A549凋亡的影响

目的:研究低聚葡萄籽原花青素(oligomeric?grape?seed?proanthocyanidins,O-GSP)联合顺铂对人肺腺癌细胞A549抗氧化、细胞凋亡及凋亡相关蛋白表达的影响。方法:细胞分为对照组、顺铂(5 mg/L)组、O-GSP(4 mg/L)组、O-GSP(4 mg/L)+顺铂(5 mg/L)组。硫代巴比妥酸法测定细胞中丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)含量;二硫代二硝基苯甲酸法测定谷胱甘肽(glutathione,GSH)含量;黄嘌呤氧化酶法测定超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide?dismutase,SOD)活力;流式细胞术检测细胞内活性氧(reactive?oxygen?species,ROS)含量和细胞凋亡率;Western?blot检测细胞凋亡相关蛋白Bcl-2、Bax和caspase-3的表达。结果:顺铂导致A549细胞MDA、ROS含量显著升高(P0.05),GSH含量和SOD活力显著降低(P0.05),O-GSP对细胞内MDA含量、GSH含量、SOD活力无显著影响(P0.05)。O-GSP+顺铂组相对于顺铂组,细胞内MDA、GSH、SOD水平无显著性变化(P0.05),而ROS含量明显降低(P0.05)。顺铂、O-GSP以及两者联用均能显著促进细胞凋亡(P0.05),并且能够显著提高Bax及Bax/Bcl-2值,顺铂和O-GSP+顺铂可显著降低Bcl-2的表达(P0.05),同时激活caspase-3。结论:O-GSP联合顺铂可促进A549细胞的凋亡,其机制与O-GSP的抗氧化作用没有显著联系,而是与两者可共同调节凋亡相关蛋白基因表达有关。     

茶枝柑皮多糖对H2O2诱导人神经细胞U251的保护作用

本论文研究了茶枝柑皮多糖H2O2诱导人神经细胞U251的保护作用。采用酸提法、经纯化后得到茶枝柑皮多糖。建立人神经细胞U251细胞损伤模型,测定细胞增殖率,采用0.30 mg/mL、0.60 mg/mL、1.25 mg/mL、2.50 mg/mL茶枝柑皮多糖干预,计算细胞存活率,检测超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、谷胱甘肽(GSH)的含量水平。茶枝柑皮多糖CPA-Ⅰ相对分子质量为7.96×10^4,20、50、180、375μmol/L H2O2细胞增殖率分别为91.60%、84.40%、60.00%、37.40%、12.30%与对照组比较,具有统计学差异(p<0.05)。180.0μmol/L H2O2导致人神经细胞U251损伤的最佳浓度。0.30、0.60、1.25、2.50mg/mL茶枝柑皮多糖细胞存活率分别为64.30%、76.10%、93.40%、98.20%与模型组53.00%比较,具有统计学差异(p<0.05)。2.50mg/mL茶枝柑皮多糖对细胞损伤模型干预的效果最明显,抗氧化作用最强。茶枝柑皮多糖对H2O2诱导人神经细胞U251具有一定的保护作用,通过调控SOD、GSH-Px、GSH、MDA水平起到抗氧化作用。     

库拉索芦荟对黄曲霉毒素B1致大鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用

目的：研究库拉索芦荟在黄曲霉毒素B1（aflatoxin B1,AFB1）致大鼠急性肝损伤中的干预作用及机理。方法：采用单次灌胃2.0 mg/kg（以体质量计）AFB1建立大鼠急性AFB1肝损伤模型,通过体质量、肝功能指标、肝组织病理学变化评价库拉索芦荟的干预效果,并通过测定肝组织脂质过氧化产物、各抗氧化物水平,探讨库拉索芦荟拮抗急性AFB1肝毒性的作用机理。结果：库拉索芦荟具有显著降低急性AFB1肝毒性的功效,能有效抑制急性AFB1中毒大鼠体质量下降,降低血清谷丙转氨酶（glutamate pyruvate transaminase,GPT）、谷草转氨酶（glutamicoxalacetic transaminase,GOT）和碱性磷酸酶（alkaline phosphatase,ALP）活性以及总胆红素（total bilirubin,TBIL）含量;同时能显著改善肝脏组织病变情况,降低丙二醛（malondialdehyde,MDA）生成量,提高还原型谷胱甘肽（reduced glutathione,GSH）含量以及谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（glutathione peroxidase,GSH-Px）、超氧化物歧化酶（superoxide dismutase,SOD）、谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶（glutathione-S-transferases,GST）活力,增强机体抗氧化及解毒能力。     

大豆异黄酮对四氯化碳致小鼠肝脏氧化应激和DNA损伤的干预作用

研究大豆异黄酮对四氯化碳（carbon tetrachloride,CCl4）诱发的急性肝损伤小鼠肝脏氧化应激和DNA损伤的干预作用。将50只小鼠随机分为5组,即正常组、模型组、联苯双脂组及大豆异黄酮高、低剂量组。每日给药1次,连续7 d。实验末期,除正常组外,其余组小鼠腹腔注射CCl4建立急性肝损伤模型。分光光度法检测血清谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶、碱性磷酸酶活性、白蛋白含量,肝脏超氧化物歧化酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶、过氧化氢酶活性及还原型谷胱甘肽、丙二醛含量,蛋白印迹法检测血红素加氧酶-1蛋白表达,电泳法检测小鼠肝细胞DNA损伤情况。结果表明：大豆异黄酮明显降低CCl4致急性肝损伤小鼠血清谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶、碱性磷酸酶活性;降低肝组织丙二醛水平;升高肝组织总超氧化物歧化酶、Mn-超氧化物歧化酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶、过氧化氢酶活性和还原型谷胱甘肽水平;升高肝线粒体Na+-K+-ATP酶和Ca2+-Mg2+-ATP酶活性;上调肝组织血红素加氧酶-1蛋白表达;并减少肝细胞DNA损伤程度。提示,大豆异黄酮对CCl4致急性肝损伤具有保护作用,其机制可能与其降低肝组织氧化应激和DNA损伤作用有关。     

麦胚球蛋白对亚硝酸盐急性中毒大鼠肝损伤的保护作用研究

研究不同剂量的麦胚球蛋白(wheat-embryo globulin,WEG)对亚硝酸盐急性中毒大鼠肝损伤的保护作用。该实验测定肝脏组织中丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)含量、超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)活性以及谷胱甘肽(gluthione,GSH)含量,同时对血清中谷草转氨酶(aspartate aminotransferase,AST)、乳酸脱氢酶(lactate dehydrogenase,LDH)以及谷丙转氨酶(alanine aminotransferase,ALT)的活性进行检测,并以苏木晴-伊红染色(hematoxylineosin staining,HE)在显微镜下观察大鼠肝组织形态变化。结果表明:在亚硝酸盐急性中毒模型中,不同剂量的麦胚球蛋白均能减少脂质过氧化产物MDA含量(p<0.05),提高肝脏中SOD活性和GSH含量,降低血清中AST、ALT以及LDH水平(p<0.05),肝脏变性和坏死病理程度明显减轻。可见麦胚球蛋白对亚硝酸盐中毒大鼠肝损伤具有明显保护作用。     

Beneficial effect of Ficus religiosa Linn. on high-fat-diet-induced hypercholesterolemia in rats

Ficus religiosa Linn. (Moraceae) was evaluated as a hypolipidaemic and antioxidant agent. Ethanol and hexane leaves extracts were examined for inhibition of β-hydroxy-β-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase and DPPH free radical elevation. The ethanol extract was evaluated for its effect against hypercholesterolaemia in rats, compared with the standard hypolipidaemic lipanthyl. Cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides (TG), phospho and total lipids were estimated. Malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were measured. Administration of rats with 30 mg cholesterol five times per week for nine consecutive weeks caused a significant increase in lipid profile, MDA and SOD, while HDL-C and GSH showed significant decreases. Treatment with plant extract (500 mg/kg body weight) or lipanthyl drug (50 mg finofibrate/kg body weight) for the same duration recorded improvement in lipid profile, antioxidant levels, liver function enzymes and hepatic architecture. In conclusion, ethanol extract of F. religiosa exerted hypolipidaemic and antioxidant effects.     

蛹虫草基质多糖对酒精所致小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用

目的：研究蛹虫草基质多糖（Cordyceps militaris stroma polysaccharides,CMSP）对酒精所致小鼠急性肝损伤的保护作用。方法：小鼠被随机分为空白对照组、模型组、阳性对照组（150 mg/（kg·d））、CMSP各剂量组（150、300、600 mg/（kg·d））,连续灌胃30 d后,除空白对照组外,给予体积分数50%的乙醇溶液建立小鼠急性肝损伤模型。12 h后,小鼠脱臼处死后取血液测定血浆中超氧化物歧化酶（superoxide dismutase,SOD）活力、甘油三酯（triglyceride,TG）含量、谷丙转氨酶（alanine aminotransferase,ALT）和谷草转氨酶（aspartate aminotransferase,AST）活性,取肝脏、脾脏和胸腺计算其系数,并制备肝匀浆测定其中超氧化物歧化酶（superoxide dismutase,SOD）活力、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（glutathione peroxidase,GSH-Px）活力、丙二醛（malondialdehyde,MDA）和还原型谷胱甘肽（glutathione transferase,GSH）的含量,并观察肝组织病理学变化。结果：CMSP各剂量组肝脏系数、脾脏系数、胸腺系数,血浆中SOD活力、TG含量、ALT活性、AST活性,肝组织中SOD活力、GSH-Px活力、MDA含量、GSH含量与模型组各水平相比均具有显著性差异（P＜0.05或P＜0.01）。结论：蛹虫草基质多糖对酒精诱导的小鼠急性肝损伤有明显的保护作用。     

Hepatoprotective effects of almond oil against carbon tetrachloride induced liver injury in rats

This research aimed at evaluating the protective effects of almond oil against acute hepatic injury induced by carbon tetrachloride in rats. The study results showed that animals received almond oil prior to the administration of CCl₄ significantly decreased serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities, and total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) and low density lipoprotein (LDL) content, and increased serum high density lipoprotein (HDL) content. Whereas, pre-treatment with almond oil markedly increased rat hepatic superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) levels, and decreased the malondialdehyde (MDA) level. These results combined with liver histopathology demonstrated that almond oil has potent hepatoprotective effects, and could be developed as a functional food for the therapy and prevention of liver damage.