聚氨酯胶粘剂研究的进展

概述了近年来国内外聚氨酯胶粘剂研究开发和应用进展,重点介绍了聚氨酯胶粘剂的发展动态和几类主要的聚氨酯胶粘剂。针对我国实际情况对今后的发展作出了展望。     

单组分湿固化聚氨酯胶粘剂的研究现状与趋势

概述了近几年单组分湿固化聚氨酯胶粘剂在预聚体、改性剂及其他助剂等方面的研究现状,并指出了该类胶粘剂将向环保型胶粘剂发展的趋势。     

胶黏剂和指接接头对胶合木性能的影响

采用单组分聚氨酯(PUR),A型双组分异氰酸酯(MDI-A),B型双组分异氰酸酯(MDI-B)和间苯二酚(PRF)4种结构胶黏剂,相邻层板接头距离分别设为0,50,150,300mm以及仅在最下面两层板间距离为50mm的5种指接接头分布模式,制作成以兴安落叶松和日本落叶松为原材料的胶合木试样,并按照标准进行胶层剪切试验、剥离试验和足尺抗弯试验,以探究胶合木层积用胶黏剂对胶合面胶合性能的影响,以及层积方向上相邻层指接接头分布对胶合木抗弯破坏行为的影响.结果表明:4种结构胶黏剂中,PRF胶合性能最优;层间接头分布距离为300mm时,抗弯试验中指接接头的破坏几率最低.     

Untersuchungen zum Einfluss von Temperatur und Holzfeuchte auf das Versagensverhalten von ausgewählten Klebstoffen bei Zugscherbeanspruchung

An drei verschiedenen Klebstoffen wurde der Einfluss von Temperatur und relativer Luftfeuchte auf die Scherfestigkeit im Zugscherversuch geprüft. Es wurden zwei handelsübliche Klebstoffe (PVAc, Harnstoffharz) und ein labortechnisch hergestellter 1KPUR bei erhöhter Temperatur und relativer Luftfeuchte geprüft. Ergänzend wurde mittels Video Image Correlation die Verzerrung im Bereich der Klebfuge ermittelt und daraus ein Schubmodul der Klebfuge berechnet. Studies on the influence of temperature and timber moisture on the failure behaviour of selected adhesives under tensile shear load. The influence of temperature and relative humidity on shear strength was tested in a tensile shear test with three different adhesives. Two standard adhesives (PVAc, urea resin) and a 1KPUR (one‐component polyurethane adhesive) produced in the laboratory were tested at a high temperature along with relative humidity. In addition distortion around the glue joint was measured by means of video image correlation and a shear modulus of the glue joint calculated from this.     

Experimental study of bonded steel concrete composite structures

This paper deals with the experimental analysis of the mechanical behaviour of bonded steel-concrete composite structures. The steel girder and the concrete slab are assembled by adhesives. The effect of the main parameters, such as the adhesive nature and the irregular thickness of the adhesive joint, on mechanical performance and ultimate load is studied. Two adhesives are used in this work. The results show that the connection between the steel girder and the concrete slab ensured by epoxy adhesive is perfect and without any slip in the steel-concrete interface. In the case of the composite beam interface ensured by polyurethane, the connection is flexible. The influence of the variation in adhesive thickness, 2 mm in the transverse direction and 4 mm in the longitudinal direction, on the mechanical behaviour and ultimate force is not important. The first cracks in the concrete slab appear in the transverse direction. The experimental results show that it is possible to realise a steel concrete composite structure bonded by adhesive.     

建筑结构胶粘剂的发展和应用

建筑结构胶粘剂是一种具备承受较大载负能力的胶粘剂,性能要求较高。简述了该胶粘剂的发展历程,对比了国内外该胶粘剂的性能,指明了该胶粘剂的要求。     

硬泡聚氨酯外保温应用的几点建议

自2006年制订的辽宁省地方标准《硬泡聚氨酯外保温工程技术规程》实施以来,硬泡聚氨酯在节能建筑工程中应用、设计、施工逐步规范化。简述了硬泡聚氨酯在外保温系统中的应用,随着硬泡聚氨酯外保温系统应用技术的不断深入发展,为使硬泡聚氨酯外保温工程的设计、施工更加完善,对硬泡聚氨酯外保温系统的设计、施工、环保、防火等方面提出了应完善的具体建议。     

我国溶剂型建筑涂料的应用与发展

本文介绍了溶剂型建筑涂料的特征、种类、应用状况和应用与发展展望等。溶剂型建筑涂料有氟树脂类、聚氨酯丙烯酸酯类、有机硅丙烯酸酯类和丙烯酸酯类等。溶剂型建筑涂料的应用与发展将因环境压力和外墙外保温工程的广泛应用而受到严重影响、限制和约束。     

Finite element analysis and design of sandwich panels subject to local buckling effects

Past research into the local buckling behaviour of fully profiled sandwich panels has been based on polyurethane foams and thicker lower grade steels. The Australian sandwich panels use polystyrene foam and thinner and high strength steels, which are bonded together using separate adhesives. Therefore a research project on Australian sandwich panels was undertaken using experimental and finite element analyses. The experimental study on 50 foam-supported steel plate elements and associated finite element analyses produced a large database for sandwich panels subject to local buckling effects, but revealed the inadequacy of conventional effective width formulae for panels with slender plates. It confirmed that these design rules could not be extended to slender plates in their present form. In this research, experimental and numerical results were used to improve the design rules. This paper presents the details of experimental and finite element analyses, their results and the improved design rules.     

硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料现场喷涂技术

针对硬质聚氨酯（ＰＵ）泡沫塑料在大面积保温材料施工中拼缝多、能耗大、保温效果差、使用寿命短等缺陷，阐述了现场喷涂发泡技术的特点、原理以及发泡工艺，讨论了由该工艺制得的硬质ＰＵ泡沫塑料的性能及其应用。     

喷涂硬质聚氨酯泡沫表面用弹性保护涂层

简要介绍了喷涂硬质聚氨酯泡沫 (SPUF)表面用弹性保护涂层的选择依据 ,详细介绍了弹性保护涂层的种类和性能 ,并论述了SPUF表面状态对涂料实际用量的影响     

水性聚氨酯弹性树脂及其建筑防水涂料的制备与研究

研究水性聚氨酯(PU)弹性树脂、水性聚氨酯/丙烯酸酯(PU/PA)复合弹性树脂及其建筑防水涂料的合成与制备。考察不同聚醚、-NCO/-OH比值、亲水单体用量、扩链交联及PA/PU比值等因素对水性树脂力学性能,固含量和耐水性等的影响。探讨填料/乳液配比、增塑剂用量对防水涂料力学性能、同含量和低温柔性的影响。研究表明,所制得的水性聚氨酯弹性树脂及其防水涂料强度高、弹性好,属于新型的高性能环保型建筑材料。     

聚氨酯直埋管的经济性及其应用

介绍了聚氨酯直埋管的特点、加工及现场施工工艺 ,分析了采用直埋管和砖砌暖沟岩棉保温两种方法所用的投资及工期 ,指出采用直埋管可缩短工期 ,减少材料浪费 ,减少岩棉对人体危害 ,且工艺简单 ,施工方便。     

聚氨酯材料在建筑业中的应用

本文介绍了国内外建筑业中环保聚氨酯材料主要的应用领域，着重关注了聚氨酯胶粘剂、聚氨酯涂料以及聚氨酯保温材料的研究和开发，对其在建筑业中的应用进行了详细的介绍。同时，进一步提出，建筑中应用新型高性能、可生物降解的环保聚氨酯材料是今后研究的重要方向。     

粘贴法所用结构胶高温冷却后的正拉粘结强度试验研究

试验通过粘碳纤维布结构胶和粘钢结构胶在常温及高温冷却后的拉拔试验,系统地研究了高温后两种结构胶的粘结强度退化情况。试验分别考虑不同加热时间、不同加热温度两种因素,对两种结构胶进行测试。最后得出两种结构胶随温度及时间的强度退化曲线,并且得到两种结构胶的耐热时间及耐热温度。     

Die Innovation – Kleben – Aktuelles aus der “Arbeitsgruppe Kleben” des Fachverbandes Konstruktiver Glasbau – FKG

The Innovation – Bonding. Essential motivation for establishing the workgroup “Bonding” was that silicone bondings – in the structural engineering well known – received a great importance in the past years regarding application for structural glazing. Long times the application of silicones was only the usage in weather sealings and for sealings of insulated glass units. Due to the special properties of silicone this material has certainly the potential, in addition to the weather seal purpose, to take over also load bearing functions. The European Technical Guideline ETAG002 regulates actually the constructive requirements of line shaped silicone bondings. Nevertheless the knowledge of the real parameters of the pure material and its mechanical properties is very limited. This is the reason, that for using a silicone bonding, planned by engineering principles, experiments are necessary in wide areas. Reliable parameters and material properties are widely unknown, thus the sizing of a general bonding geometry with using Finite Element Analysis is unsatisfactory. The ETAG test specimen for tension is moreover unsuitable for retrieving direct material properties, due to edge effects leading to stress concentrations within the specimen. Therefore getting real parameters of the silicone material out of this kind of tests is nearly impossible. In the working group focus has been given on the development of theoretical models for the material silicone by a combined approach of experiment (material tests) and theory (analysis by FEM). Main objective is the establishment of design criteria for complex bonding geometries by application of engineering principles in the area of structural glazing. Based on the gained experience it will be possible in future: – to design arbitrary bonding geometries – to optimise them with respect to the most possible failure mechanism – to use simple formula and criteria for the design of arbitrary kinds of bondings – to limit extensive testing for each application. Extending the existing work program, it is envisaged in the short term to analyse bonding systems by duromer adhesives (e.g. acrylate, polyurethane).     

新型聚氨酯防水涂料的研究

介绍聚氨酯防水涂料的配方与工艺,研究了聚醚多元醇、交联剂,催化剂、填料,水分,反应温度及反应时间对聚氨酯防水涂料性能的影响,以一定量液的羟基树脂替代煤焦油制作无焦油型聚酯防水涂料。     

论引进、消化、创新之道,走聚氨酯复合板发展之路

通过引进国外先进的生产技术设备,不断消化、吸收,并在外观设计、聚氨酯发泡技术、生产工艺等方面进行改进和创新,使产品质量更稳定、优质,拓宽了我国新型墙体聚氨酯保温材料的推广和应用领域。     

瓷套粘接用胶粘剂配方及固化工艺的研究

以高温固化型环氧树脂胶黏剂作为瓷套粘接用的胶黏剂,通过在配方中加入触变环氧树脂与气相二氧化硅所组成的复合触变剂,实现在固化过程中调整胶黏剂流变性(触变性)的目的,从而使固化过程中的胶黏剂不随时间及温度的增加而改变初始时的涂抹形状,满足了粘接面处所需的胶粘剂重量,对保证粘接产品的质量起到了重要作用.实验结果表明:常温下粘...     

Full scale fire tests for ship accommodation quarters

Ten full-scale test fires were conducted in a chamber simulating a three person ship accommodation quarter. The test fires used three different ventilation conditions, two types of bunks and furnishings with either polyurethane foam or chloroprene foam. The chamber was instrumented to follow the development of the fire.The furnishings with polyurethane foam were readily ignited and produced an intense fire within 2 to 4 minutes. The furnishings with chloroprene foam ignited but burned slowly with a small flame or in smoldering combustion.The ventilation conditions had a significant effect on the development and intensity of the fire as the test fires were burning under oxygen-limiting conditions.The solid pan bunks retarded the early development of the fire compared to open bunks for polyurethane furnishings. However, once the mattresses on the three bunks were ignited the intensity of the test fires was similar for both types of bunks.