Integration of Mobile-IP and OLSR for a Universal Mobility

Trends in fourth generation (4G) wireless networks are clearly identified by the full-IP concept where all traffic (data, control, voice and video services, etc.) will be transported in IP packets. Many proposals are being made to enhance IP with the functionalities necessary to manage the mobility of nodes, so that networks can provide global seamless roaming between heterogeneous wireless and wired networks. In this paper, we focus on the management of universal mobility, including both large scale macro-mobility and local scale micro-mobility. We propose a hierachical architecture (i) extending micro-mobility management of a wireless access network to an ad-hoc access network, (ii) connecting this ad-hoc network to the Internet and (iii) integrating Mobile IP and OLSR, a routing protocol for ad-hoc networks, to manage universal mobility. This architecture is validated by an implementation based on DynamicsMobile-IP and OLSR version 7. We show how the brodcast of Mobile-IP Agent Advertisement can be optimized using OLSR MPR-flooding.     

Mobility management in wireless ATM networks

Mobile ATM offers a common wired network infrastructure to support mobility of wireless terminals, independent of the wireless access protocol. In addition, it allows seamless migration to future wireless broadband services, such as wireless ATM, by enabling mobility of end-to-end ATM connections. In spite of the diversity in mobile networking technologies (e.g., cellular telephony, mobile-IP, packet data services, PCS), all of them require two fundamental mechanisms: location management and handoff. This article describes different schemes for augmenting a wired ATM network to support location management of mobile terminals and handoff protocols for rerouting a connection data path when the endpoint moves. A prototype implementation of mobile ATM integrating mobility support with ATM signaling and connection setup, is presented. It shows how mobile ATM may be used to provide mobility support to an IP terminal using non-ATM wireless access     

Broadband-Facilitated Inter-WLAN Mobility Architecture

The existing WLAN architecture does not have the capabilities to leverage the wired and wireless broadband-accessed network control for the Inter-WLAN mobility. This paper presents a broadband-facilitated inter-WLAN mobility system architecture including its realization with the wired and wireless broadband-accessed network control for the WLAN mobility management. The proposed broadband-based inter-WLAN mobility management concept has changed the notion of the traditional WLAN mobility. Secondly, an implementation of the distribution system with broadband-accessed central network control for the IEEE 802.11 inter-WLAN mobility along with its management protocol is presented. In addition, this paper provides the modification to the enhanced IAPP protocol signaling messaging required for the broadband-facilitated WLAN mobility management. Finally, simulation experimental results for the proposed inter-WLAN communications architecture’s performance vs. WLAN mobility management performance employing standard and optimized MIP are presented. We believe that the proposed architecture would greatly enhance the Inter-WLAN IP mobility performance. This paper serves as a foundation work for future research in inter-WLAN mobility management using broadband, wired and wireless that integrates high-speed wide area network and WLANs.     

异构多模终端的接入选择功能架构

不同类型无线网络的融合是宽带无线通信发展的必然趋势。在异构融合网络环境中,无论何种无线网络都能够提供无所不在的最优服务。具有挑战性的问题就是异构多模终端的管理系统和接入选择功能架构的设计。一种异构多模终端管理架构通过与各协议层的有效交互,可以适应多种接入标准与技术的要求,实现多模异构终端的无缝接入和移动。接入选择是核心研究问题之一,接入选择功能架构主要包含3个模块：接入适配、移动管理、用户偏好。     

一种基于WTLS的轻型移动VPN方案

各种传统的远程访问VPN方案(包括IPSec-VPN和SSL-VPN)都只是为固网环境下外出企业员工的"游牧访问"而设计的,它不适合于未来的移动无线网络场景.本文针对移动无线场景中特有的无线终端计算能力和网络带宽限制等问题,提出了一种基于WTLS安全协议的轻型移动VPN方案.该移动VPN方案支持移动节点在不同无线接入网络之间的自由切换,允许外出企业员工在任何时间、任何地点、使用最佳的无线接入网络连接到企业网络并安全地访问企业内部资源.     

支持无线移动因特网的IP移动性框架

主要介绍了用户的移动性给IP网络带来的挑战，给出了IP核心网的不同接入网如何实现移动性的一个设想(IP移动性框架)，详细讨论了它的4个抽象实体的功能。该结构框架确立了支持用户在基于IP核心网的不同类型接入网内的移动性所必需的移动性管理部分，能确保用户在自由漫游的时候接入Web。此外，它还可以使各种手持设备和笔记本电脑从一栋建筑物移动到另一栋建筑物，或从一个网络到另一个网络，同时能够跨越有线和无线网络。     

Proxy‐RED: an AQM scheme for wireless local area networks

Wireless access points (APs) act as bridges between wired and wireless networks. Since the actually available bandwidth in wireless networks is much smaller than the bandwidth in wired networks, there is a disparity in channel capacity which makes the access point a significant network congestion point in the downstream direction. A current architectural trend in wireless local area networks (WLAN) is to move functionality from APs to a centralized gateway in order to reduce cost and improve features. In this paper, we study the use of RED, a well known active queue management (AQM) scheme, and explicit congestion notification (ECN) to handle bandwidth disparity between the wired and the wireless interface of an access point. Then, we propose the Proxy‐RED scheme, as a solution for reducing the AQM overhead from the access point. Simulations‐based performance analysis indicates that the proposed Proxy‐RED scheme improves the overall performance of a network. In particular, the Proxy‐RED scheme significantly reduces packet loss rate and improves goodput for a small buffer, and minimizes delay for a large buffer size. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Performance Analysis of Mobile Agents for Filtering Data Streams on Wireless Networks

Wireless networks are an ideal environment for mobile agents, since their mobility allows them to move across an unreliable link to reside on a wired host, next to or closer to the resources that they need to use. Furthermore, client-specific data transformations can be moved across the wireless link and run on a wired gateway server, reducing bandwidth demands. In this paper we examine the tradeoffs faced when deciding whether to use mobile agents in a data-filtering application where numerous wireless clients filter information from a large data stream arriving across the wired network. We develop an analytical model and use parameters from filtering experiments conducted during a US Navy Fleet Battle Experiment to explore the model's implications.     

基于终端移动与业务到达认知的自适应无线接人控制机制

在未来移动互联网中,异种网络之间的密切合作将为用户提供无缝的业务链接.终端移动与业务到达的突发性造成了网络负载在时空域的不均衡分布,成为影响网络性能的重要因素.自适应的无线接入控制机制是均衡异种网络负载、提高无线资源利用率的有效途径.首先,本文提出了一种新的基于终端移动与业务到达认知的动态负载均衡策略.然后,根据业务到...     

An Empirical Analysis of Handoff Performance for SIP,Mobile IP,and SCTP Protocols

Over the last decade, we have witnessed a growing interest in the design and deployment of various network architectures and protocols aimed at supporting mobile users as they move across different types of networks. One of the goals of these emerging network solutions is to provide uninterrupted, seamless connectivity to mobile users giving them the ability to access information anywhere, anytime. Handoff management, an important component of mobility management, is crucial in enabling such seamless mobility across heterogeneous network infrastructures. In this work, we investigate the handoff performance of three of the most widely used mobility protocols namely, Mobile IP, Session Initiation Protocol (SIP), and Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP). Our empirical handoff tests were executed on an actual heterogeneous network testbed consisting of wired, wireless local area, and cellular networks using performance metrics such as handoff delay and handoff signaling time. Our empirical results reveal that Mobile IP yields the highest handoff delay among the three mobility protocols. In addition, we also found that SIP and SCTP yield 33 and 55% lower handoff delays respectively compared to Mobile IP.     

Supporting carrier grade services over wireless mesh networks: the approach of the european FP-7 strep carmen - [very large projects/edited by ken young]

Wireless mesh networks (WMNs) are a very promising technology to provide an easily deployable and cost-efficient solution for access to packet-based services for metropolitan areas with high population densities. Thus, WMNs may be a key technology in future 4G wireless networks and are currently becoming attractive in situations where it is not convenient to deploy wired backhaul connectivity. For example, it is often impractical to deploy wired infrastructure cost effectively or under tight time constraints. This is particularly true if the deployment is only transient in nature. Another key feature of WMNs is that unlike wireless multihop relay networks, WMNs are not restricted to tree-shaped topologies rooted at the gateway to the wired network and hence do not suffer from the same performance bottlenecks. Instead, any mesh node may communicate with any other one over multiple paths, allowing more efficient utilization of network resources. In contrast to ad hoc networks, WMNs are operated by a single entity, and their components have far fewer restrictions in terms of energy, resilience, and processing power.     

A New Access Control Solution for a Multi-Provider Wireless Environment

The fundamental goal in future 4G mobile multi-service networks is to provide an efficient mobile computing environment. We presume that future terminals will be equipped with multiple heterogeneous wireless interfaces. We want to enable each user to seamlessly move between different providers networks. Besides seamless roaming, a key consideration is also devoted to quality-of-service provision. In this article, we propose a model and an architectural framework for supporting quality of service in the context of interconnected multi-provider wireless systems. The proposed integrated COPS-based management and RADIUS-based access control architecture will allow providers to offer multimedia services while optimizing the use of the underlying network resources. We suggest new concepts and protocols to provide solutions to these challenges and describe the French national research project named MMQoS aiming on building such future networks.     

Traffic load metrics for multihomed mobile IP and global connectivity

Support for host mobility an essential and necessary feature for roaming users who connect to wireless networks via access points. Access points may have different capabilities, be connected to different networks and be installed by different providers. A mobile host will discover multiple access points in this environment. In such an environment, a mobile host should be able to use the best available connection to communicate with a correspondent host and perhaps use multiple connections for different hosts. In areas with wireless local area network access, pockets with limited or no coverage could exist. Such restricted connectivity could be compensated by neighbor hosts who form an ad hoc network and relay packets until they reach an access point. This paper describes and discusses a proposed solution towards enabling and supporting connectivity in wireless networks. In the proposed solution the network layer software will evaluate and decide which wireless network connections to use. A Running Variance Metric (RVM) and a Relative Network Load(RNL) are used to measure the traffic load of access points in wireless access networks. RVM and RNL can be efficiently used for both infrastructure networks and ad hoc networks. Multihomed Mobile IP (M-MIP) is an extension of Mobile IP that enables mobile hosts to use multiple care-of addresses simultaneously. The extension enhances network connectivity by enabling the mobile host, the home agent and correspondent hosts to evaluate and select the best connection. A proposed gateway architecture using M-MIP that integrates wired IP networks with ad hoc networks is described. The M-MIP and gateway architecture using the RVM and RNL metrics have been validated with simulation studies and results are presented.     

全业务接入光缆建设思路

随着中国移动全业务的发展,接入层所面对的需求也发生了巨大的变化,根据中国移动现网中的实际情况,兼顾现阶段及将来各类业务的需求,对城域网络接入层光缆网络的建设思路进行了分析,希望能对今后的网络建设有所启示。     

未来中国4G开放移动通信终端和网络接入架构

This paper relates to an advanced open mobile communication system and method of integrating the mobile communications, wireless access systems and wired communications into one common platform architecture for China＇s 4th generation mobile communications, supporting costeffective broadband voice, data and video services in wireless, mobile and wired environment with one single integrated mobile terminal device. The paper includes new architecture in the integrated mobile device and converged network access, and minimum modification in the existing mobile telecommunication infrastructures. This paper introduces the long-term evolution strategy for China＇s TDD system platform towards China＇s future 4G mobile communications.     

Multiple access control protocols for wireless ATM: problemsdefinition and design objectives

The concept of wireless ATM is now being actively considered as a potential framework for next-generation wireless communication networks capable of supporting integrated multimedia services with different QoS requirements. Several key subsystem design issues for wired ATM and wireless networks need to be readdressed in the scope of the wireless ATM. One of the main key subsystem issues is the development of the appropriate medium access control (MAC) protocol, which has the capability to extend the statistical multiplexing of the wired ATM network into the wireless medium. In this article the authors address the problem of a suitable MAC protocol for the specification of a wireless ATM network and outline the design objectives. In addition, the authors address some other challenging key issues that the wireless medium and wireless network architecture impose on the ATM stack protocol     

Software-Defined Mobility Management: Architecture Proposal and Future Directions

A common characteristic for all of the uses in 5G wireless networks is the ubiquity and the almost permanent connection to the mobile network to get access to external applications. This really imposes a challenge in the signaling procedures provided to get track of the user and to guarantee session continuity. The mobility management mechanisms will play a central role in the 5G networks because of the always-on connectivity demand. This article presents a software defined approach to mobility management procedures addressing the present challenges and proposing some future directions for a more efficient service provision and a better usage of the network resources. The feasibility of such a Software-Defined Mobility Management architecture is assessed in a specific test-bed.     

Competitive Pricing in Heterogeneous Wireless Access Networks: Issues and Approaches

To provide seamless mobility with high-speed wireless connectivity, future generation wireless networks must support heterogeneous wireless access. Pricing schemes adopted by different service providers is crucial and will impact the decisions of users in selecting a network. In this article, we provide a comprehensive survey of the issues related to pricing in heterogeneous wireless networks and possible approaches to the solution of the pricing problem. First, we review the related work on pricing for homogeneous wireless networks in which a single wireless technology is available to the users. Then, we outline the major issues in designing resource allocation and pricing in heterogeneous wireless access networks. To this end, we propose two oligopolistic models for price competition among service providers in a heterogeneous wireless environment consisting of WiMAX and WiFi access networks. A non-cooperative game is formulated to obtain the price for the service providers. Two different equilibria, namely, the Nash and the Stackelberg equilibria are considered as the solutions of the simultaneous-play and leader-follower price competitions, respectively.     

An Access Selection Functional Architecture for Heterogeneous Multi-Mode Terminals

The convergence of heterogeneous wireless networks is an inevitable trend in broadband wireless communications development. In heterogeneous networks convergence environment, each wireless network can provide ubiquitous, best Quality of Service (QoS) services. The challenge lies in the design of the management system and access selection architecture for heterogeneous multi-mode terminals. A type of management architecture for heterogeneous multi-mode terminal via effective interaction with all protocol layers is adaptable for multi-access standards and technical requirements to achieve seamless access and mobility for multi-mode heterogeneous terminals. As the core subject for research, access selection functional architecture mainly consists of three modules, namely access adaptation, mobility management, and user preference.     

无线网状网组网技术及实验研究

面对日益增长的高速无线因特网接入需求,传统的无线接入方式,如蜂窝网、无线局域网（WLAN）面临许多挑战,而无线网状网（WMN）作为因特网“最后一公里”接入方案,提供一种灵活而低成本的多跳通信,也将成为各种无线网络融合的主要技术。针对这一极具发展前途的网络结构,从WMN的两种典型应用出发,文章从网络配置、功率控制、移动性管理和接入控制以及路由协议设计等方面说明了WMN组网中的相关问题和技术,对WMN与移动自组织（Ad hoc）网路由协议的设计进行了对比,并给出了一种基于WLAN和第二层交换技术的WMN试验床实现方案。