不同淀粉对大豆分离蛋白物料微波膨化效果的影响

以产品膨化率作为指标结合物料的微观组织结构,研究在大豆分离蛋白的物料中添加马铃薯淀粉、玉米淀粉以及糯米淀粉对其微波膨化效果的影响。研究表明添加糯米淀粉的蛋白物料微波膨化效果最佳,马铃薯淀粉次之,玉米淀粉最差,糯米淀粉添加量以6%较为适宜。     

大豆分离蛋白对面团特性及挂面品质的影响研究

以大豆分离蛋白为主要辅料,研究了添加大豆分离蛋白对面团特性及挂面品质的影响,探讨了大豆分离蛋白营养强化挂面的可行性.结果表明,添加大豆分离蛋白可使面团的吸水率增加,面团的形成时间和稳定时间延长,评价值升高,5 cm处拉伸阻力和最大抗拉伸阻力降低,面团的延伸性、拉伸能量增加;添加适量的大豆分离蛋白可以改善挂面的品质,挂面的吸水率、最佳蒸煮时间增加,蒸煮损失减少,挂面的韧性、硬度、弹性增强.大豆分离蛋白的最佳添加量不宜超过6%.     

蛋白质和淀粉对肉制品品质影响的研究

选取了三种蛋白(谷朊粉、花生分离蛋白和大豆分离蛋白)和三种淀粉(玉米淀粉、红薯淀粉和绿豆淀粉)作为肉制品的脂肪模拟品,经比较分析可知,大豆分离蛋白和绿豆淀粉均为肉制品的最佳脂肪模拟品.通过单因素试验和正交试验,结果表明,当大豆分离蛋白和绿豆淀粉的比例为1:4,添加量为15%(占鲜肉质量分数),水分添加量为20%时,肉制...     

木薯醋酸酯淀粉对面团及挂面力学特性的影响

挂面是常见的一种传统食品,为了提高挂面的品质,本文考察了木薯醋酸酯淀粉添加量对面团粉质特性、面团拉伸特性、面粉糊化特性、生挂面弹性模量、抗弯能力、断裂能力以及熟挂面的坚实度、质构特性等技术指标的影响。试验结果表明,木薯醋酸酯淀粉可有效改善面团的粉质、拉伸特性和糊化特性,使面团的吸水率、粉质指数和拉伸阻力增大,形成时间延长,弱化度和延伸度降低,适量添加可延长面团的稳定时间,提高拉伸能量;添加木薯醋酸酯淀粉可提高生挂面的弹性模量和抗弯能力,降低熟挂面的坚实度,提高挂面的黏度、弹性和粘聚性,改善挂面品质。综合分析混合粉面团的粉质、拉伸和糊化特性,并通过测试分析生、熟挂面的力学特性,最终确定木薯醋酸酯淀粉的最佳添加量为3~6%,为其在面制品中的应用提供理论参考。     

淀粉和蛋白类添加物对鱿鱼鱼糜凝胶特性的影响

通过分析凝胶强度、白度、持水性等指标,研究淀粉类和非肌肉蛋白类添加剂对鱿鱼鱼糜凝胶特性的影响。结果表明,红薯淀粉、玉米淀粉、木薯淀粉和马铃薯淀粉均可提高鱿鱼鱼糜的凝胶强度,分别提高了49.08%,20.77%,26.46%,30.16%;4种淀粉均可提高持水性,其中红薯淀粉效果较好,为79.10%;添加淀粉后虽会导致白度有不同程度的降低,但差异不显著。非肌肉蛋白的添加使鱿鱼鱼糜组织结构更加紧密;除乳清蛋白外,大豆分离蛋白、大豆浓缩蛋白和蛋清蛋白均可提高鱿鱼鱼糜的凝胶强度,分别提高了39.03%,29.30%,35.82%。综合指标分析表明淀粉类及大部分蛋白质类添加物可以改善鱿鱼鱼糜的凝胶特性。     

大豆分离蛋白对玉米磷酸酯双淀粉性质影响

以玉米磷酸酯双淀粉为原料,研究不同大豆分离蛋白添加量对玉米磷酸酯双淀粉性质影响。结果表明,随大豆分离蛋白添加量增加,玉米磷酸酯双淀粉糊化温度、峰值粘度、谷值粘度、末值粘度和衰减值相较于原淀粉显著升高;大豆分离蛋白添加量为25%和50%时,淀粉凝胶硬度、粘度和咀嚼性降低;但随大豆分离蛋白添加量继续增多,硬度、粘度和咀嚼性增大。且添加25%和50%大豆分离蛋白后,样品凝胶孔变得大小不均匀;添加75%和100%大豆分离蛋白,样品凝胶孔明显大于玉米磷酸酯双淀粉凝胶孔,且孔壁较厚。     

茭白低温火腿肠的研制

以猪肉为主料,通过单因素试验和正交试验考察茭白、玉米淀粉、大豆分离蛋白对火腿肠品质的影响。结果表明:茭白低温火腿肠的最佳工艺配方为猪肉100%计时,茭白添加量5%,玉米淀粉添加量12%,大豆分离蛋白添加量4%。     

不同淀粉与大豆分离蛋白混合涂层对冷却牛肉贮藏品质的影响

研究淀粉（木薯淀粉、红薯淀粉、马铃薯淀粉、玉米淀粉、豌豆淀粉和高直链淀粉）与大豆分离蛋白混合可食性涂层对冷却牛肉贮藏品质的影响。研究在4℃下贮藏5d过程中,各种淀粉与大豆分离蛋白混合涂层对冷却牛肉失重率、颜色、pH、硫代巴比妥酸值和感官评价得分的影响。结果发现豌豆淀粉和玉米淀粉与大豆分离蛋白混合涂层不仅有效降低冷却牛肉中水分损失（分别为9.97%和12.83%,低于聚乙烯膜包装）,而且较好的保持冷却牛肉的感官指标。     

响应面法优化黑椒蜜汁鸡肉丸子配方

为开发一款以甜辣为特色风味的鸡肉丸子,以感官评分为指标,选取黑椒粉、蜂蜜、玉米淀粉、大豆分离蛋白的添加量进行单因素试验,采用响应面法分析确定黑椒蜜汁鸡肉丸子最佳配方为黑椒粉添加量3.0％、蜂蜜添加量8％、玉米淀粉添加量6％、大豆分离蛋白添加量2.5％,此配方制得的鸡肉丸子色泽焦黄、甜辣滋味协调、弹性及硬度适中,感官评分...     

淀粉种类及添加量对鲜湿面质量的影响

将小麦淀粉、马铃薯淀粉、红薯淀粉、豌豆淀粉及玉米淀粉添加到小麦粉中制作面条,从鲜湿面色泽、质构及感官3方面,研究淀粉种类对面条的影响规律.结果表明:不同淀粉均能改善鲜湿面的色泽,玉米淀粉效果最佳;质构影响方面,除红薯淀粉外,其他淀粉的添加使得面条的硬度下降,黏附性、回复性、黏聚性升高,坚实度和拉断力随添加量的增加呈先升后降的趋势;感官评价方面,玉米淀粉、小麦淀粉、马铃薯淀粉显著增大了面条的色泽得分,豌豆淀粉和红薯淀粉显著影响了韧性和黏性得分.适量添加马铃薯淀粉(≤8％)可以显著改善鲜湿面的色泽及质量.     

大豆分离蛋白对湿米粉储藏品质的影响

以湿米粉储藏过程中硬度、蒸煮损失和断条率的变化为指标,研究大豆分离蛋白对湿米粉品质的影响。结果表明,大豆分离蛋白会导致湿米粉硬度的升高,但在储藏过程中添加大豆分离蛋白的湿米粉硬度低于未添加大豆分离蛋白的湿米粉,这表明大豆分离蛋白可显著改善湿米粉在储藏过程中的硬度升高现象;当大豆分离蛋白添加量低于4%时,湿米粉的蒸煮损失和断条率均随大豆分离蛋白添加量的增加而下降;但大豆分离蛋白添加量达6%时,湿米粉的蒸煮损失和断条率上升。结果表明适量的大豆分离蛋白可改善湿米粉的食用品质,但大豆分离蛋白添加量不是越多越好。差示热量扫描和微观结构分析发现大豆分离蛋白可抑制湿米粉中淀粉的回生,赋予米粉蜂窝状多孔结构,有利于米粉在储藏过程中保持水分不发生迁移从而提高湿米粉品质。     

Application of native and phosphorylated tapioca starches in potato starch noodle

Summary Characteristics of potato starch noodles substituted with native, phosphorylated and commercial phosphorylated (MTS283) tapioca starches were evaluated. Substitution of up to 17% with phosphorylated tapioca starch or up to 35% with MTS283 improved the quality of potato starch noodles. The resulting noodles were transparent and less brittle when uncooked, and were moderately elastic, less sticky and experienced lower cooking loss and less swelling when cooked. Substitution with native tapioca starch of up to 17% was also possible, but the uncooked noodles were less transparent and the cooked noodles swelled more and were less elastic.     

Concentration of soy protein isolate affects starch-based confections' texture, sensory, and storage properties

The effects of increasing soy protein isolate concentration on the physico-chemical properties of starch-based grape confectionery gels were investigated using thermal, textural, and sensory analyses. Soy protein isolate decreased hardness, cohesiveness, and gumminess, demonstrating potential as a texture modifier. Increasing soy protein concentration progressively decreased the elastic properties of the starch network demonstrated by a lower G'-G" crossover frequency. High levels of soy protein also created a more homogeneous water population, one which was lost at lower temperatures compared to standard confections. An improvement in taste and texture acceptability of the confections upon addition of soy protein isolate was found by sensory analysis. Finally, physico-chemical properties were compared up to 20 d of storage at ambient temperature. Soy-containing confections demonstrated lower gumminess and cohesiveness during the entire storage period but a significant increase in hardness after 20 d of storage. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Soy protein isolate imparted soft texture to starch-based confections on a concentration-dependent basis. Increasing soy protein isolate concentration decreased elastic properties of the starch network in starch confections and significantly improved flavor and texture. Gumminess and cohesiveness of soy protein isolate confection was lower during 20 d of storage.     

Changes in the quality and in vitro digestibility of brown rice noodles with the addition of ultrasound-assisted enzyme-treated red lentil protein

The effects of red lentil protein with ultrasound-assisted enzymatic treatment on the quality of brown rice noodles were investigated. The thermostability and anti-retrogradation ability of brown rice flour decreased significantly (P < 0.05), while the elastic and viscous modulus increased after adding untreated red lentil protein. Meanwhile, the cooking loss rate of brown rice noodles increased from 4.41% to 5.68%. When the red lentil protein was treated with ultrasound and enzyme, the protein–starch interaction was enhanced, and the negative effects of protein on brown rice flour and noodles were weakened. Moreover, the rice noodles with ultrasound-assisted enzyme-treated red lentil protein showed a lower starch digestibility than brown rice noodles, and its protein digestibility was significantly higher than that of rice noodles with ultrasound or enzyme-treated protein. Therefore, the addition of ultrasound-assisted enzyme-treated red lentil protein could effectively decrease predicted glycaemic index value, improve nutritional value and produce high-quality brown rice noodles.     

Preparation and evaluation of chili powder-enriched layered noodles

Chili powder-enriched dough was sandwiched between two dough layers prepared from (a) wheat flour, (b) wheat flour plus resistant starch flour and (c) wheat flour plus soy protein isolate (SPI) and microbial transglutaminase (MTGase), and these were used for preparing wheat flour control (LN-C), wheat flour-resistant starch (LN-F) and wheat flour-SPI-MTGase (LN-S) noodles, respectively. All cooked noodles were assessed for physical properties, starch digestibility and capsaicin-retaining abilities. Compared to other noodles, the LN-S noodles exhibited the highest tensile strength and elasticity, and the highest capsaicin retaining ability at pH 7.4. However, at pH 1.2 the capsaicin-retaining ability of all noodles was similar. The predicted glycemic indices (pGIs) of LN-F and LN-S noodles were similar (P > 0.05), and were significantly (P < 0.05) lower than that of LN-C noodles. In conclusion, the resistant starch flour helped to lower pGI of the layered noodles, but it was not effective at retaining capsaicin. The occurrence of additional cross-linking between protein matrices of LN-S noodles could be a factor that had impaired structural integrity and retarded the diffusion of capsaicin from the capsaicin-enriched dough.     

马铃薯淀粉—小麦蛋白共混体系的相互作用及对复合面条性质的影响

测定了马铃薯小麦粉复合面条成型过程中马铃薯淀粉—小麦蛋白共混体系的热特性、黏度特性、微观特性以及复合面条的晶体结构、红外光谱、质构特性等,研究表明:在马铃薯淀粉—小麦蛋白共混体系的相互作用中,小麦蛋白对淀粉糊化起抑制作用,使淀粉原本的相变峰向高温移动,同时小麦蛋白对该体系的黏度起到削弱作用并对淀粉结构进行一定的稀释;马铃薯小麦复合面条与普通小麦面条相比结晶度较低,无定型的淀粉构象较多,持水力较强,复合面条的硬度、黏度、咀嚼性小于小麦面条,弹性、回复性、吸水率、断条率大于小麦面条。     

不同大豆蛋白对小麦面条加工品质和血糖生成指数的影响

为改善小麦面条品质,在小麦粉中添加大豆蛋白(全脂豆粉、脱脂豆粉、大豆分离蛋白、大豆浓缩蛋白、大豆组织蛋白),以拉伸特性、蒸煮特性、微观结构以及血糖生成指数为评价指标,研究大豆蛋白添加量(0%、5%、10%、15%、20%)对面条加工品质及血糖生成指数的影响。结果表明:随蛋白添加量的增加,脱脂豆粉、全脂豆粉的增加使面条的拉断力呈明显上升趋势,拉伸距离呈先上升后下降趋势,大豆分离蛋白、大豆浓缩蛋白添加量的增加使拉断力呈先上升后下降趋势,拉伸距离呈下降趋势,而大豆组织蛋白的增加使面条拉伸性能均逐渐降低;当大豆蛋白添加量为10%时,混合粉面条拉伸特性较优;五种大豆蛋白的添加均使面条的烹煮损失率及断条率上升,全脂豆粉的增加使面条的吸水率、膨胀率逐渐下降,其余四种均使其上升;微观结构表明,脱脂豆粉和全脂豆粉的添加使混合粉面条的面筋网络结构更加连续均匀,而其余三种大豆蛋白添加量的增加造成混合粉面条微观结构的劣变;利用体外复合酶方法测定GI值,血糖生成指数依次为:小麦粉 > 脱脂豆粉 > 全脂豆粉 > 大豆组织蛋白 > 大豆浓缩蛋白 > 大豆分离蛋白。     

薯类淀粉种类对黄冈鱼面品质的影响

为研究薯类淀粉种类对黄冈鱼面品质的影响,测定了红薯淀粉（SPS1、SPS2、SPS3）、马铃薯淀粉（PS）、木薯淀粉（CS）的理化性质、糊化特性、粒径、溶解度及膨胀度,分析了这些性质与鱼面品质之间的关系。结果表明:不同薯类淀粉的理化性质、糊化特性、粒径、溶解度及膨胀度均存在显著差异（P<0.05）,红薯淀粉的糊化温度（78.37~79.97 ℃）最高,马铃薯淀粉的粒径、溶解度及膨胀度最大。不同薯类淀粉加工鱼面的质构特性、煮制品质、感官评价及色泽均存在显著差异（P<0.05）。红薯淀粉加工鱼面的硬度显著大于马铃薯淀粉、木薯淀粉（P<0.05）,红薯淀粉中SPS3加工鱼面的硬度最大。马铃薯淀粉加工鱼面的拉伸强度、吸水率及煮制损失率最大。SPS2加工鱼面的感官评价最高,CS加工鱼面的最低。不同薯类淀粉加工鱼面干燥前的色泽在亮度、红绿值和白度上差异显著（P<0.05）,但对鱼面干燥后的色泽影响并不明显。根据综合评分的大小对鱼面的品质进行排序为:SPS2>SPS1>SPS3>PS>CS。淀粉的糊化特性、直链淀粉含量、粒径与鱼面的品质具有显著的相关性（P<0.05）。     

Rheological study of layer cake batters made with soybean protein isolate and different starch sources

The study of new gluten-free foods suitable for celiac people is necessary since people allergic to wheat proteins are more and more frequent. This study examined the effect of using different starch sources (rice, corn, potato and wheat) and protein types (soy protein isolate, wheat protein) at different percentages (0%, 10%, 20%), on the rheological properties of batters (flow, viscoelastic and stickiness behaviour) and on batter density and cake volume. The highest consistency, viscous and elastic moduli, and adhesive force corresponded to batters made of rice starch and soy protein isolate, which showed the most similar rheological behaviour to wheat flour batters. The batters obtained showed adequate characteristics in processing and in achieving high quality products. However, the percentages of starches and proteins should be experimentally optimized in each case.