聚氨酯漆固化剂TDI—TMP加成物的研究

叙述了ＴＤＩ－ＴＭＰ加成物的生产工艺,探讨了加料方式、反应温度、物料配比、溶剂、抗氧剂、磷酸等因素对生产工艺及产品性能的影响。     

氨基甲酸酯型多异氰酸酯组分——加成物?预聚物?

在聚氨酯涂料中广泛应用的氨基甲酸酯型多异氰酸酯组分,在涂料化学中所处的地位,是从原料单体转化到涂料的终极产品——固化漆膜工艺过程中的中间产品,即预聚物,理论上的纯加成物产品,在现实的涂料生产中不可能获得。明确这个基本概余,对于多异氰酸酯组分的研制工作具有重要的指导意义。     

影响TDI—TMP加成反应的因素

围绕着提高甲苯二异氰酸酯－三羟甲基丙烷（ＴＤＩ－ＴＭＰ）加成物的性能水平,通过实验着重介绍和探讨了影响ＴＤＩ－ＴＭＰ加成反应的几个重要因素,如温度、溶剂、加料方式、ＮＣＯ／ＯＨ比以及多元醇的变化等。要提高ＴＤＩ－ＴＭＰ的内在品质,必须结合后处理工艺方可实现     

低游离TDI聚氨酯固化剂的合成

采用催化聚合法合成了低游离TDI聚氨酯固化剂。讨论了催化剂用量，反应温度和反应时间对产品游离TDI含量的影响，中试和生产结果表明，采用该方法可以明显降低产品的游离TDI含量，并且对产品的其他性能没有明显影响。     

降低TMP-TDI加成物中游离TDI含量的研究

以甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)、三羟甲基丙烷(TMP)为原料,采用化学合成法合成了低游离TDI含量的双组分聚氨酯用固化剂。结果表明:当n(—NCO)/n(—OH)为1.9,催化剂质量分数为0.1%,催化剂加入温度为55℃时,合成了游离TDI含量为0.90%(质量分数)的TMP-TDI加成物,配漆试验表明产品性能优异。     

环氧树脂涂料用脂肪族二胺加成物固化剂

介绍了一类性能独特的脂肪族和脂环族二胺加成物环氧固化剂,其毒性低、气味小。用其制备的涂料具有良好的耐化学腐蚀性、高硬度和良好的光泽性。     

新型浅色低游离TDI聚氨酯固化剂的合成

叙述了新型浅色低游离TDI固化剂、TDI-TMP加成物的生产工艺,比较了其与传统TDI-TMP加成物及市售低游离TDI固化剂的性能指标,探讨了影响产品生产工艺及产品性能的主要因素。     

新型浅色聚氨酯固化剂的合成

介绍了新型浅色聚氨酯固化剂合成配方和工艺。比较了新型固化剂与ＴＤＩ－ＴＭＰ加成物性能指标。试验表明,新型固化剂除具有ＴＤＩ－ＴＭＰ加成物的优异性能外,还具有色浅,气味小,成本低等特点,讨论了影响该固化剂性能的诸种因素。     

本体法合成HDI-TMP加成物工艺

本体法合成了六亚甲基二异氰酸酯(HDI)与三羟甲基丙烷(TMP)的加成物作为聚氨酯胶粘剂的固化剂。通过对反应产物-NCO含量和粘度的测定,考察了反应温度、催化剂二月桂酸二丁基锡(DBTDL)用量、HDI与TMP物质的量比对加成产物性能的影响,并由凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)和红外光谱(FT-IR)表征了产物组成和结构特征,获得本体法合成物HDI-TMP加成较佳工艺:n(HDI)∶n(TMP)=9∶1(即n(-NCO)∶n(-OH)=6∶1),催化剂DBTDL用量为0.05%(按TMP质量计),反应温度80℃,反应时间3h,即可制备出HDI-TMP理想加成物含量占总加成物52.66%的低粘度产物。     

碳酸酯系溶剂体系下TDI-TMP的固化剂合成

研究了在碳酸酯体系下,TDI-TMP加成物合成过程中m(TDI)/m(TMP)、反应温度和保温温度、反应时间、不同降低游离TDI的方法对产物性能的影响。试验表明,TDI与TMP质量比至少在3.5以上、3.89左右适宜,反应温度60℃左右、保温温度70℃,总反应时间3~4 h左右,固含量在60%~65%为宜。     

全水发泡聚氨酯泡沫塑料的研究

采用拉伸、冲击、扫描电镜等实验方法研究了聚氨酯泡沫体的结构和性能。着重阐述了全水发泡中的主要因素如水的用量、复合催化剂的比例以及异氰酸酯指数对泡沫体性能的影响。     

HDI三聚体合成研究

以一种Ｎ－羟基烷季铵碱为三聚反应催化剂,合成了以六亚甲基二异氰酸酯（ＨＤＩ）三聚体为主要成分多异氰酸酯固化剂,对合成条件下进行了探讨。     

HDI-TMP加成物的合成

研究了耐候性聚氨酯涂料固化剂六亚甲基二异氰酸酯-三羟甲基丙烷(HDI-TMP)加成物的合成工艺。通过对反应产物NCO含量和粘度的测定,考察了TMP中水分含量、反应温度、反应时间、HDI与TMP摩尔比、催化剂对加成产物的影响。实验表明,TMP中水分对加成产物粘度影响很大,因此TMP需进行脱水处理;HDI-TMP加成物合成最佳工艺条件为:催化剂二月桂酸二丁基锡(DBTDL)用量0.05%,HDI与TMP的摩尔比≥3.15,反应温度80℃,反应时间3h,可获得低粘度HDI-TMP加成物。     

高阻尼聚氨酯结构泡沫材料的研究

探讨了高阻尼ＰＵ结构泡沫的配方、工艺和性能。结果表明：以六官能团的聚醚多元醇和有机多异氰酸酯（ＰＡＰＩ）制得的ＰＵ结构泡沫力学性能最优;反应对胺类催化剂和有机锡类催化剂的比例及用量非常敏感;硅酮类泡沫稳定剂对泡沫体的性能起重要作用;发泡剂Ｆ１１可用符合环保要求的戊烷完全替代;一种粉状填料和短切玻纤的加入可显著提高ＰＵ结构泡沫的损耗因子和冲击强度值。     

关于封闭异氰酸酯的研究

介绍了近几年封闭异氰酸酯的研究概况。阐述了封闭异氰酸酯的封闭机理,讨论了不同种类封闭试剂封闭异氰酸酯的解封闭机理。讨论了封闭试剂和封闭试剂上取代基的种类对解封闭温度的影响,同时叙述了解封闭催化剂在封闭异氰酸酯解封闭时的应用。重点介绍了亚硫酸氢钠、酚类、肟类、胺类等封闭试剂封闭异氰酸酯在国内外的研究情况,并展望了封闭异氰酸酯的发展应用前景。     

新型单组分松香蔗糖聚氨酯—聚丙烯酸涂料研究

以松香,蔗糖,聚丙烯酸酯及异氰酸酯预聚体等为原料,合成了一种单组分聚氨酯清漆。研究了化学组成对漆膜性能的影响。结果表明,当松香蔗糖聚氨酯（ＡＲＳＰＵ）与聚丙烯酸酯（ＰＡ）共混的质量比为６５／３５,而ＡＲＳＰＵ合成中ＡＲＳ与异氰酸酯预聚体的质量比为６５／３５时,漆膜的耐溶剂性能及硬度较为合适。该清漆快干,耐低温,耐油,耐水,耐酸碱性能良好。     

甲苯二异氰酸酯生产技术研究进展

比较甲苯二异氰酸酯不同生产工艺的优缺点，并对其发展前景作了简要评述，对今后的研究工作作了展望。     

Synthesis of thermally stable high gloss water dispersible polyurethane/polyacrylate resins

Design and synthesis of some new thermally stable polyurethane/polyacrylate blend resins with high gloss and excellent chemical resistivity has been accomplished. Thus, polyurethane was synthesized from polyethylene glycol (PEG) and hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) using the conventional prepolymer method. The double bond functionality is introduced by blocking the prepolymer isocyanate groups with acrylamide so as to utilize acrylic acid as a chain extender to make the resin water dispersible. Polyacrylates are prepared by free radical (emulsion seed) polymerization of methylmethacrylate (MMA), 2-ethylhexylacrylate (2EHA), butylacrylate (BA) and acrylic acid using potassium persulfate (KPS) as an initiator. The morphology of polyurethane and polyacrylate is investigated using FTIR spectroscopy and the thermal stability by TGA. The luster of resin is checked by novo gloss meter. Chemical resistivity of the resin films is determined by immersing the films in different solvents. The rationale of current work was to synthesize some high gloss blend resins from some commonly available monomers, having excellent properties suitable for commercial applications.     

Synthesis and characterization of polyurethane coatings derived from polyols synthesized with glycerol, phthalic anhydride and oleic acid

Polyester polyols, with various oleic acid contents were used in the preparation of polyurethane (PUR) coatings. The polyols were designated as Alk28, Alk40 and Alk65, in which 28, 40 and 65 represents the percentages of oleic acid in the respective formulations. The physical properties of the polyols such as acid value and hydroxyl value have been determined and the infrared (IR) spectroscopic analysis of the polyols is reported. The polyols were reacted with aromatic isocyanate (toluene 2,4-diisocyanate, TDI) to form PUR coatings. The effects of varied NCO/OH ratio and oleic acid content of polyols on physical properties of PUR coatings on mild steel panel were determined. The characterization of PUR coatings carried out by IR spectroscopic analysis and physico-chemical properties such as drying time, pencil hardness, adhesion properties, solvent resistance and corrosion/chemical resistant determination were reported. The coatings obtained from polyol Alk28, exhibits the best overall properties followed by Alk40. PUR coatings from Alk65 were softer. As the NCO/OH ratio of the coatings increased, there were progressive increases in mechanical and anticorrosive properties for all the coatings. Overall, these studies showed that the material holds promise for use as effective surface coating compound by designing the formulation of the desired performance.