聚丁二烯降氨酯—脲密封材料的性能研究

以端羟基聚丁二烯（ＨＴＰＢ），二异氰酸酯（ＴＤＩ或ＩＰＤＩ）为原料制备预聚体，利用多元胺或多元醇作固化剂，制成聚氨酯及聚氨酯－脲弹性体。测试了这些材料的力学性能，动态力学性能粘接性能，耐介质，耐水解及透气性能，结果表明：ＨＴＰＢ型聚氨酯－具有优良的力学性能，其耐介质及耐水解性明显优于聚醚型或聚酯型聚氨酯，具有很好的密封性能，可用作水下密封材料。     

丁羟聚氨酯弹性体密封胶性能的研究

用端羟基聚丁二烯液体橡胶(HTPB,简称丁羟)、N,N—双(2—羟丙基)苯胺(BHA)和甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)反应,制备了聚氨酯弹性体密封胶。讨论了固化温度和扩链剂用量对密封胶力学性能的影响,并对密封胶耐水、耐油及耐丙酮性能进行了实验。结果表明,TDI与HTPB摩尔比为1.0且随着扩链剂BHA用量的增加,密封胶(60℃×24h固化)拉伸强度及剪切强度均增加,但拉断伸长率下降;密封胶粘接试样在油、水及丙酮介质中分别浸泡后,随着浸泡天数的增加剪切强度和拉伸强度均有所降低;在油和水中变化很小,在丙酮中变化较大。     

HTPB与PTMG双软段嵌段聚氨酯脲的合成与性质

采用甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)与不同相对分子质量的端羟基聚丁二烯(HTPB)反应制得异氰酸酯封端的预聚体,再与端芳氨基聚四氢呋喃醚(ATPTMG)反应,得透明的聚氨酯脲弹性体(PUA),采用红外光谱(FTIR)、动态力学 (DMA)、热失重分析(TGA)和力学性能测定对弹性体的结构和性能进行了分析.结果表明,ATPTMG的反应速度依次为对位(p)>邻位(o)>间位(m),HTPB和PTMG两种不相容的聚醚以强迫相容的作用形成嵌段结构,与纯聚脲相比,HTPB和PTMG双软段聚氨酯脲弹性体具有良好的耐热性.     

四氢呋喃均聚醚聚氨酯弹性体(PTMG-PU)影响环境性能的因素

介绍了四氢呋喃聚醚(PTMG)聚氨酯弹性体的性能。讨论了其化学结构对PU弹性体环境性能的影响。环境性能包括耐热性能、耐水性能、低温性能、耐介质性能、耐紫外线性能、耐磨性能、内生热、疲劳性、透明性、回弹性、导电性能等。     

浇注型低透水聚氨酯密封材料的研制

以端羟基聚丁二烯(HTPB)、二异氰酸酯(TMXDI)为原料制备预聚体,利用DADMT和ISONOL C-100固化剂制成聚氨酯弹性体,测试了材料的力学性能和耐水性。结果表明：丁羟型聚氨酯具有优良的力学性能,其耐水性明显优于聚醚型聚氨酯,可用作水下密封材料。     

聚丁二烯二醇改性水性聚氨酯膜材料结构及性能研究

水性聚氨酯涂膜在耐摩擦、耐水、耐溶剂等性能上相比于溶剂型聚氨酯存在很大的差距。为了使水性聚氨酯材料耐水性提高的同时又增强其耐溶剂性、力学性能等，本文采用ATR、IR、TEM等研究了聚丁二烯二醇（HTPB）改性水性聚氨酯膜结构，结果表明，改性后膜的耐水性、耐溶剂性、力学性能等都有较好的改善。     

新型耐老化聚氨酯弹性体的制备和性能

以聚己内酯二元醇(PCL)、甲苯二异氰酸酯和扩链剂E-300为原材料,通过预聚体法制备了一种耐水解聚氨酯弹性体.探讨了水解稳定剂、防酶剂、紫外线吸收剂和抗氧剂等助剂对聚氨酯弹性体性能的影响,测定了PCL型聚氨酯弹性体的耐湿热老化、耐紫外线和耐海水性能.结果表明,通过添加适量的水解稳定剂、防霉剂、紫外线吸收剂和抗氧剂可大幅度提高PCL型聚氨酯弹性体的耐湿热老化和耐紫外线老化性能,特别是耐海水性能较传统的聚酯型聚氨酯弹性体提高了5倍以上.     

端羟基聚丁二烯／聚醚型聚氨酯弹性体的合成与性能

将端羟基聚丁二烯(HTPB)、聚四氢呋喃(PTMG)、二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯和1,4-丁二醇反应制备了聚氨酯弹性体。研究了多元醇质量比、制备方法对弹性体力学性能的影响。实验数据表明,各种方法制备出的聚氨酯弹性体的拉伸和撕裂性能均随HTPB／PTMG质量比增高直线下降。随HTPB／PTMG质量比加大,预聚体法制备的聚氨酯弹性体的力学性能的下降幅度小于改进的一步法,改进的一步法小于原一步法。动态力学性能测试研究表明,HTPB／PTMG质量比的提高使聚氨酯弹性体动态内生热依次降低,微相分离程度减弱。     

发泡型单组分聚氨酯胶粘剂

发泡型单组分聚氨酯胶粘剂(MPU胶)是通过空气中潮气或水而固化的一种胶粘剂。其特点是单组分、无溶剂、使用工艺简单、贮存运输方便、性能优异,固化后具有类似橡胶的弹性、又具有与塑料相近的高强度、同时也具有良好的耐低温性能、耐油、耐水、耐化学腐蚀、耐冲击、耐臭氧、电绝缘性好等特点。     

新型低成本耐老化聚氨酯弹性体的研究

以酯基间有2~6个碳原子的聚酯二元醇（CMA-24、CMA-44、CMA-254、CMA-66）、甲苯二异氰酸酯和扩链剂3,5-二甲硫基甲苯二胺（DMTDA）为原材料,通过预聚体法制备了一种耐水解聚酯型聚氨酯弹性体。探讨了水解稳定剂、防酶剂、紫外线吸收剂和抗氧剂等助剂对聚氨酯弹性体性能的影响,测定了耐水解聚酯型聚氨酯弹性体的耐湿热老化和耐海水性能。结果表明,通过添加适量的水解稳定剂、防霉剂、紫外线吸收剂和抗氧剂可大幅度提高聚酯型聚氨酯弹性体的耐湿热老化和耐紫外线老化性能,特别是耐海水性能较传统的聚酯型聚氨酯弹性体提高了5倍以上。     

CaCO3填充型聚丁二烯聚氨酯弹性体的研究

以端羟基聚丁二烯、液化改性二异氰酸(MDI)为原料，用或不用丁二醇作扩链剂，加入CaCO3，用机械搅拌或超声分散法合成填充型聚丁二烯聚氮酯(HTPB-PU)弹性体。并对填充型HTPB-PU弹性体的力学性能、热性能以及水解性能进行了研究，同时用扫描电镜研究了弹性体的应力断裂的断口形态。结果发现，随填料加入量的增多，弹性体的强度增大；填料加入量相同时，纳米CaCO3填充型HTPB-PU弹性体的力学性能和抗水解性能均优于普通CaCO3填充型；采用超声波分散相同时，HTPB-PU弹性体中的CaCO3分散得比采用机械搅拌分散时均匀得多；弹性体中存在明显的两相分离。     

端羟基聚丁二烯改性水性聚氨酯的合成与性能

以端羟基聚丁二烯(HTPB)、聚醚二元醇(N-220)、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)为主要原料,制备了改性水性聚氨酯(WPU)。研究了端羟基聚丁二烯(HTPB)的含量对聚氨酯乳液粒径、贮存稳定性,以及对涂膜耐水性、力学性能、低温柔韧性的影响。结果表明:在预聚反应中,固定总n(—NCO)∶n(—OH)为1.3,w(DMPA)为6%,HTPB添加量在40%(占聚醚N-220的量)以下时,粒径变化不大,乳液稳定性较好;针对不同HTPB添加量,控制好亲水基团的含量,可以获得分散性良好、贮存稳定的聚氨酯乳液;随着HTPB添加量逐渐增大,涂膜的拉伸强度逐渐增大后变小,断裂伸长率和吸水率逐渐减小后变大,低温柔韧性变好。当HTPB添加量在30%左右,涂膜的综合性能最佳。     

耐酸碱聚氨酯弹性体胶辊的研制

以端羟基聚丁二烯(HTPB)和聚四亚甲基醚二醇(PTMEG)为软段,2,4-甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI-100)和3,3′-二氯-4,4′-二氨基二苯基甲烷(MOCA)为硬段,采用预聚体法制备了聚氨酯弹性体,讨论了不同软段比例对弹性体力学性能、耐酸碱性能及加工性能的影响。结果表明,软段中HTPB与PTMEG质量比为50∶50时,弹性体的综合性能较好,适合做耐酸碱胶辊的包覆胶。     

Synthesis and characterization of triazole rich polyether polyols using click chemistry for highly branched polyurethanes

The present work describes development of moisture cured polyurethane–urea coatings based on 1,2,3-triazole rich polyether polyols. In this paper, two polyether polyols were synthesized by using 1,3-dipolar azide–alkyne cycloaddition reaction and they were named as PL-1 and PL-2 where PL-1 is 9 terminal hydroxyl groups and PL-2 is 6 terminal hydroxyl groups. These polyols were reacted with 4, 4′-diisocyanatodicyclohexylmethane (H₁₂MDI) at OH:NCO ratio of 1:1.2 in order to obtain isocyanate terminated polyurethane prepolymers. The resulted prepolymers were casted on tin foil and cured under atmospheric moisture in order to get completely cured polyurethane–urea free films. The free films were characterized by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) techniques. The TGA and DMTA results showed that these films have good thermal and mechanical stability. Anti-microbial studies proved that these polyurethane films show good resistance towards different bacterial and fungal attacks. These polymers were also coated on mild steel panels in order to evaluate corrosion resistance properties by using salt spray and electro chemical polarization studies.     

Enhanced thermal and mechanical properties of PW‐based HTPB binder using polystyrene (PS) and PS–SiO2 microencapsulated paraffin wax (MePW)

Polystyrene (PS) microencapsulated paraffin wax (MePW) and PS–SiO₂ MePW were used to improve the form‐stability of PW in hydroxyl‐terminated polybutadiene‐derived polyurethane (HTPB) binder. HTPB matrix containing different contents of PS MePW, PS–SiO₂ MePW, and PW were prepared. The chemical composition, crystallinity, microstructure, heat capacities, thermal stabilities, thermal reliabilities, leakage, and mechanical properties of the composites were compared using Fourier transforms infrared spectroscope, X‐ray diffractometer, scanning electronic microscope, differential scanning calorimeter, thermo‐gravimetric analyzer, thermal cycling test, leaking test, compression, and tensile tests, respectively. The results showed that the MePW/PW/HTPB composites were prepared without chemical reaction. The thermal stability and mechanical properties of PS–SiO₂ MePW/PW/HTPB increased more dramatically than that of PS MePW/PW/HTPB. With the increasing contents of MePWs, the PW leakage of the composites decreased, especially for PS MePW/PW/HTPB. Consequently, the MePW/PW/HTPB composites possess a potential application for PW‐based polymer‐bonded explosive system. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018 , 135, 46222.     

含侧基聚酯型聚氨酯耐水解性的研究

通过对比4种含有不同侧基结构的聚氨酯胶膜的力学性能和耐水解性,发现以含有较大空间位阻侧基的2-乙基-1,3-己二醇与己二酸合成聚酯二元醇（PEPO。EHO）为原料制备的聚氨酯胶膜具有较优异的耐水解性,而以1,3-丙二醇与己二酸合成聚酯二元醇（PEPO—PPD）为原料制备的聚氨酯胶膜具有较好的力学性能。选取PEPO-EHO与PEPO-PPD混合后制备出的聚氨酯胶膜力学性能和耐水解性较好。当PEPO-EHO与PEPO-PPD在软段中混合的质量分数分别为50％时,所制备的聚氨酯胶膜具有较好的综合性能。     

Development and characterization of magnetorheological elastomers

A new class of materials termed magnetorheological elastomers (MREs) are developed that respond to externally imposed magnetic fields. Magnetic particles are embedded in viscoelastic solids or liquid elastomeric precursors. This kind of composite demonstrates a unique combination of good magnetic controllability and elastic properties. Polybutadiene (hydrocarbon based) based polyurethane MREs are developed because of their thermooxidative, hydrolytic, and chemical resistance. The structure–property relationships of polyurethane–MREs are investigated using several characterization techniques. Morphological features such as interdomains of soft and hard segments are identified with tapping‐mode atomic force microscopy. The thermal and mechanical behavior is evaluated with dynamic mechanical analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, and stress–strain tests. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2007     

Synthesis of hydrolytically stable low elastic modulus polyurethane‐urea for biomedical applications

Polyurethane‐urea without ether linkages was synthesised using dicyclohexyl‐methane diisocyanate (SMDI), hydroxy‐terminated polybutadiene (HTPBD) and m‐phenylenediamine (PDA). The hydrolytic stability of this polymer was investigated under in vitro conditions using Ringer's solution and phosphate‐buffered saline, and the stability of candidate polyurethane‐urea polymers was compared with that of polyurethane prepared with SMDI, HTPBD and 1,4‐butanediol [BD]. The change of tensile properties, hardness and surface properties in the aged polymer is significant for polyurethane when compared with those of polyurethane‐urea polymer. The in vitro study revealed possible applications of polyurethane‐urea for long‐term biomedical applications. © 2000 Society of Chemical Industry     

Hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene based waterborne polyurethane acrylate emulsions: Synthesis,characterization, and damping property

A new kinds of waterborne polyurethane acrylate (WPUA) dispersions were synthesized based on isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB), 1, 4-butanediol (1, 4-BDO), polytetramethylene ether glycol (PTMG), dimethylolpropionic acid (DMPA), 2-ethylhexyl acrylate (EHA), and methyl methacrylate (MMA) as main raw materials. The influence of the HTPB content on the particle size, storage stability of the WPUA dispersions and the damping property of cured films were studied by using dynamic light scattering (DLS), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), respectively. It can be found the WPUA dispersions have a good stability and the damping temperature range of loss tangent (tan δ) >0.3 reaches a maximum (−26.6–79.14°C) when the content of HTPB is 20%. The HTPB based WPUA could be applied to damping material.