聚合物共混物相容性评价的研究进展

分别介绍了评价非晶／非晶聚合物共混物、结晶／非晶聚合物共混物、结晶／结晶聚合物共混物相容性的方法及研究进展,并对聚合物共混物相容性的评价方法作了简要的讨论。     

啮合同向双螺杆挤出机在聚合物—聚合物混合（制备共混物和合金）中的应用

介绍了聚合物共混物和聚合物合金制备过程中的加料方式和螺杆构型 。     

淀粉／聚合物共混物生物降解塑料

本文介绍了国外淀粉/聚合物共混物生物降解塑料的开发现状、性能及加工工艺。     

聚合物共混物的红外光谱研究

采用傅立叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）技术，同时将谱图进行归一化处理，通过合谱共混谱研究了氯丁橡胶（CR）／聚氯乙烯（PVC）和CR／聚苯乙烯（PS）两个二元聚合物共混体系的相容性，结果表明，CR与PVC所组成的共混物中组分矣合物红外光谱特征吸收谱带发生较大位移，表现出较强的相互作用，CR与PS所组成的共混物的红外吸收特征峰发生了较小偏移，同时特征峰形略有变化，说明有较弱的相互作用。     

含氯聚合物和橡胶的自交联共混物

综述了聚氯乙烯、氯磺化聚乙烯、氯丁橡胶等聚合物物其他橡胶之间的自交联反应。介绍了共混物的交联机理、相容性和力学性能。     

功能性聚合物共混物

本文简介了功能性聚合物共混物（ＦＰＢｓ）的概念和类型，对防静电性、导电性、离子交换性、低收缩应力性、低双折射性、阻隔性共混物（ＰＢｓ）的组成、形态结构、性能及应用进行了详细的论述。     

聚合物共混物增容剂的研究

相容性聚合物共混物由于其优异的性能已成为新材料的主要研究方向。但许多共混物是互不相容的,因此必须改善它们的相容性。综述了聚合物共混物的相容性及各类增容剂的特点及应用。同时介绍了无机纳米粒子的引入对不相容聚合物共混体系相容性的影响。     

Polymer blends by self-propagating frontal polymerization

The use of self-propagating frontal polymerization to produce polymer blends has been investigated. A homogeneous solution of monomer, polymer (of a second monomer), and initiator is initially heated at a specific location to start a polymerization front that propagates along the system. The obtained polymerization reaction is very fast compared with diffusion, so that the two types of macromolecules remain homogeneously distributed, as in the original monomer/polymer solution. In the case of two incompatible polymers, the system has no time to reach the equilibrium condition where phase separation occurs and a polymer blend is obtained in the form of a metastable solution. Applications to two incompatible pairs (methyl methacrylate-styrene and methyl methacrylate-methacrylic acid) are discussed. Moreover, it has been found that the presence of inert polymer in the initial mixture improves the process performance, leading to more stable propagation fronts, lower front temperatures, and higher monomer conversions. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 70: 2695–2702, 1998     

Polymer blends of polypropylene with polydialkylsiloxane

Polypropylene was blended with polydialkylsiloxane (alkyl : propyl and octyl). Some properties of the resultant polymer blends were investigated: the melt flow index at 230°C, bending modulus, and Izod impact strength. Furthermore, their morphology was observed using scanning and transmission electron microscopes. It was elucidated that polydipropylsiloxane and polydioctylsiloxane, which are finely dispersed as ciliated islands in the sea of polypropylene, are effective to increase the melt flow index and Izod impact strength of the polymer blends. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 67:1853–1861, 1998     

Relation of chain constitution with phase structure in blends: compatibility of two phases in blends of polyamide with low‐density polyethylene and its ionomers

Pressed films of binary blends (polyamide with low‐density polyethylene or Surlyn) and ternary (polyamide with low‐density polyethylene and Surlyn or a graft‐copolymer of acrylic acid onto low‐density polyethylene) were examined by dynamic mechanical analysis, thermally stimulated current, and small‐angle X‐ray scattering. The variation of the glass transition temperature for two phases in the blends was studied by dynamic mechanical analysis and thermally stimulated current. X‐ray scattering from the relation of the phases was analyzed using Porod's law and led to values of the interface layer in the blends. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 76: 488–494, 2000     

Polymer alloys and blends: Recent advances

Polymer alloys and blends represent one of the fastest growing sectors of the plastics industry. To a large degree, the emphasis has now shifted from developing blends in the reactor to their creation through melt mixing on processing equipment such as extruders. As a result, intense activity is now being directed at controlling two particularly important considerations during melt processing: interfacial interactions and dispersed phase morphology. In this review, recent developments and trends in these two areas will be examined.     

Structure-property relationships of nanocomposite-like polymer blends with ultrahigh viscosity ratios

We have investigated the structure-property relationships and the effects of a viscosity ratio on the rheological properties of nanocomposite-like polymer blends using oscillatory and steady shear rheometry and optical microscopy. These immiscible blends are consisted of ultrahigh viscous polybutadiene (PB1), high viscous polybutadien (PB2), and low viscous polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). The PB1/PDMS blends with an ultrahigh viscosity ratio (λ=162,000) exhibit non-Newtonian fluids behavior for Ω≥0.1 while the PDMS/PB2 blends (λ=37) exhibit pseudo-Newtonian fluids behavior for Ω>0.6, where Ω is the weight fraction of PB1 or PB2 in the blends. The viscoelastic properties of the PB1/PDMS blends increase systematically with an increasing the weight fraction of PB1, and then exhibit plateau values above a certain maximum weight fraction (Ω_m) of PB1. In addition the viscoelastic properties of the PB1/PDMS blends are not affected by the change of blend morphology or phase inversion, where Ω_m is larger than the phase inversion weight fraction (Ω_p). In contrast the viscoelastic properties of the PB2/PDMS blends follow a positive-deviation mixing rule and are significantly affected by phase inversion.     

Desorption of water vapor in hydrogen-bonded polymer blends

Successive desorption experiments of water vapor in poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) were performed at temperatures from 31.0 to 45.0°C. The solubility of water in PMMA was found to be independent of temperature in agreement with literature findings. But the results for diffusion showed stronger dependence on water concentration than those in literature. The diffusion coefficients of water in PMMA became almost independent of temperature at high water concentrations. However, at lower water concentrations, the temperature effect on diffusion was more pronounced. The observed weak temperature dependence of diffusivity at high concentrations is likely due to a high degree of clustering of water molecules found in the PMMA we prepared. Two modified polystyrenes containing 5 and 15 mol %, respectively, 4-hydroxystyrene as comonomer units were blended with PMMA to form hydrogen-bonded polymer blends. Successive desorption experiments of water vapor in the hydrogen-bonded polymer blends were carried out at 31.0°C. The solubility of water in both blends was found to increase with increasing composition of PMMA. The diffusion coefficients for PMMA and its blends increased with increasing concentration of water first, reached a maximum, then decreased with water concentration. When the desorption results were plotted with the previous study of absorption, hysteresis phenomenon of sorption existed in all blend compositions for our experimental time span. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 70: 39–45, 1998     

多相聚合物共混体系增容剂的研究与发展

本文综述了多相聚合物混体系增容剂的研究与发展，介绍了各类增容剂的特点及应用，依据其加入共混体系的方法和与其共混组分间的作用进行了分类。     

TLCP ternary blends for in situ composites: In situ compatibilizer

It is experimentally shown that an in situ compatibilizer for the thermotropic liquid crystalline polymer blend can be generated in the extrusion process and that the compatibilizing action by the maleic anhydride-attached ethylene–propylene–diene terpolymer (MA–EPDM) in the blend of nylon46 and a thermotropic liquid crystalline polymer (polyesteramide) is due to the graft copolymer produced by the chemical reactions between the MA group of EPDM and functional groups of nylon46 and polyesteramide. This is apparent from the ¹H-NMR spectra and TGA thermograms. Produced compatibilizers act at the interface to enable better adhesion, better stress transfer, and, hence, deformation of the dispersed phase into fine fibril shape even when the viscosity of the matrix is lower than that of the dispersed phase and the draw ratio is quite low (ca. 1.6). © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 70: 1589–1595, 1998     

Effect of montmorillonite modification on the behaviour of polyamide/polystyrene blends

BACKGROUND: In nanocomposites with multiphase matrices, the addition of layered silicate not only has a reinforcing effect, but also changes significantly the morphology, namely the size and the structure of the dispersed phase. In this paper, we focus on systems with polyamide 6 (PA6)/polystyrene (PS) matrices. The effect of clay was studied over the whole composition range together with the simultaneous variation of basic parameters influencing the structure and mechanical behaviour, i.e. the clay treatment type and mixing protocol. RESULTS: At all compositions, remarkable refinements of both particulate and co‐continuous structures by clay were found. This effect and a significant shift of the glass transition temperature of blend components were more pronounced for clay with less polar treatment as a result of distinct localization of clay in the interfacial area (due to its lower affinity for PA6 phase). An increase in modulus was found at all compositions, whereas strength and toughness were enhanced at low PS contents only, as a consequence of small particle size and enhanced interfacial bonding. CONCLUSIONS: The results presented indicate that nanosilicates can effectively influence the structure and properties of PA6/PS blends. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry     

Compatibilizers for recycling of the plastic mixture wastes. II. The effect of a compatibilizer for binary blends on the properties of ternary blends

In this article, we discuss the effect of a compatibilizer for binary blends on the properties of ternary blends composed of high‐density polyethylene (HDPE), polypropylene (PP), or polystyrene (PS) and poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) virgin polymers with a simulated waste plastics fraction. Chlorinated polyethylene (CPE), ethylene–propylene rubber (EPR), and their 1/1 (w/w) mixture were tested as compatibilizers for the HDPE/PP/PVC ternary blend. CPE, styrene‐ethylene‐propylene block copolymer (SEP), or their 1/1 (w/w) mixture were tested as compatibilizers for the HDPE/PS/PVC ternary blend. The composition of the ternary blends were fixed at 8/1/1 by weight ratio. The amount of the compatibilizer was 3 phr. Rheological, mechanical, and thermal properties were measured. For the 8/1/1 HDPE/PP/PVC ternary blends, the tensile strength was slightly decreased, but the impact strength was significantly increased by adding EPR, CPE, or their mixture. EPR exhibited the most significant impact modification effect for the ternary blends. In a similar way, for 8/1/1 HDPE/PS/PVC ternary blends, on adding SEP, CPE, or their mixture, the tensile strength was slightly decreased, but the impact strength was noticeably increased. It was found that the SEP worked much better as an impact modifier for the ternary blends than CPE or the SEP/CPE mixture did. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 76: 1048–1053, 2000