Post-subsidence deformations of loess soils

Translated from Osnovaniya, Fundamenty i Mekhanika Gruntov, No. 4, pp. 19–21, July–August, 1990.     

Use of jet geotechnology to eliminate suffosion cavities and areas of loosened soils

Practical experience with repair work on mooring sheet-piling for the port of Kazan', where jet technology was first successfully used to eliminate consequences of suffosion failures in sandy backfill, is presented. A new method of the probing of underground cavities, which is called production jet probing, is described; it was precisely this method that had established the existence of broad areas of loosened soils adjacent to suffosion strips. Translated from Osnovaniya, Fundamenty i Mekhanika Gruntov, No. 3, pp. 12–15, May–June, 1997.     

Prevention of piping deformations in gypseous soils in Erevan

Conclusions 1. The gypseous soils of Erevan and its environs occurring in the bases of buildings and structures are subject to intense piping settlements under prolonged seepage of water through them, which result in deformation and failure. 2. The new waterless antipiping strengthening compound not only prevents collapse and settlement due to lixiviation but also increases the soil strength. 3. The field tests, as well as the results of introduction of the compound, showed that this new method can be applied for strengthening and protecting gypseous soils against piping, for preventing deformations of buildings and structures constructed on them, and for eliminating the collapse properties of such soils to develop new areas for construction. Translated from Osnovaniya, Fundamenty i Mekhanika Gruntov, No. 4, pp. 19–21, July–August, 1982.     

Analysis of suffosion deformation of bases

For the first time, a method has been developed by the writers to analyze the degree of lixiviation of salts from soils under complex engineering-geologic and hydrogeologic conditions, which makes it possible to determine the suffosion deformations of bases.Translated from Osnovaniya, Fundamenty i Mekhanika Gruntov, No. 5, pp. 23–25, September–October, 1992.     

Settlements and deformations of industrial structure built on weak soils

Conclusions 1. In engineering-geologic explorations, it is necessary to investigate the engineering-geologic morphology to a depth of 15–18 m: lenses and interlayers of weak soils - unevenly compacted silty-sand fills, peat, slime, etc.2. Open unwatering of pits in the vicinity (10–15 m) of existing structures is impermissible, since it leads to removal of fine soil fractions because of piping, and to large and impermissible deformations of the load-bearing elements of the structures. In such cases, deep groundwater lowering by means of wellpoints should be used.In the case described in this article, the industrial structure underwent a mean settlement of about 20 cm, a tilt of 0.015, and a wall deflection of 0.002. By using deep groundwater lowering, such deformations could have been prevented.3. The development of settlements with time was due to the presence of weak soils - peat lenses and thin slime interlayers - in the foundation bed of the shop.4. An effective means for stopping the settlement of the industrial structure was the construction, under the walls, of two rows of cast-in-place piles with cantilever beams to which the wall loads were transmitted.Scientific-Research Institute of Foundations. GIPROLESKhIM. Translated from Osnovaniya, Fundamenty i Mekhanika Gruntov, No. 1, pp. 5–7, January–February, 1975.     

Design values of strength characteristics of frozen saline soils

Based on a large number of personal tests and analysis of results of investigations of other authors, the writers comment upon the design values recommended in the SNiP 2.02.04-88 Norms for the strength characteristics of frozen saline soils.NIIOSP Institute. Translated from Osnovaniya, Fundamenty i Mekhanika Gruntov, No. 2, pp. 27–29, March–April, 1993     

Environmental consequences of cattle feedlot manure on saline soils

In a long‐term experiment at the Directorate of Land Reclamation, the effects of cattle manure on soil characteristics were determined after five annual applications. The results indicate that during high rainfall NO₃‐N moves below 150 cm soil layer and causes pollution problems for shallow groundwaters. Long‐term annual application of cattle manure to saline soils at rates greater than recommended [20 Mg/ha and 40 Mg/ha (wet wt.) for nonirrigated and irrigated land, respectively] is not advisable.     

Effect of chemical composition of soils on the strength and deformability of frozen saline soils

The possibility of deriving a generalized relationship between strength characteristics of frozen saline soils and homological temperature is established. An equation for determination of the freezing point of saline soils is obtained on the basis of the Rayleigh-Van't Hoff law and confirmed experimentally. Translated from Osnovaniya, Fundamenty i Mekhanika Gruntov, No. 6, pp. 18–22, November–December, 1994.     

滨海盐渍土作公路路基填料试验研究

滨海盐渍土是一种特殊土,具有溶陷、腐蚀等不良工程特性,如何将其作为资源用于公路路基填料已成为滨海地区交通建设发展中的重要岩土工程问题之一。从滨海盐渍土的工程应用角度出发,利用石灰、水泥和新型高分子固化材料SH对其进行固化试验研究,并分析探讨了龄期、制样用水、浸泡用水和土中含盐量对固化盐渍土强度的影响及其水稳性。试验结果表明:滨海盐渍土经石灰、水泥和SH综合固化处理后,其强度和水稳性能达到规范要求,可以用作公路路基填料。     

Effect of mechanical suffosion on additional settlements of foundation beds

Results are presented for experimental laboratory investigations of mechanical suffosion, and a quantitative assessment of the stress-strain state (SSS) is given for filtering masses of sandy soils.     

Assessment of deformability characteristics of eluvial soils based on measurement of building deformations

Observations of the settlements of 30 buildings and structures constructed on eluvial soils of the Middle Urals are analyzed to determine the stiffness characteristics (compression moduli, coefficients of subgrade reaction) obtained from solution of the inverse problem.