Computers for social change and community organizing: A review

A conference on “Computers for Social Change: New Tools for Political and Community Organising” was held in New York City in 1986. That conference led to an annual conference on “Computers for Social Change” that addresses issues related to the use of computer-based technologies in a free and open society. The volume reviewed herein (Downing et al., 1991) contains 10 papers which have resulted from these conferences.     

American Express emphasizes service, training and R&D. Interview by Carolyn Dunbar

Larry Ferguson, president of the Health Systems Group of American Express Information Services Company, tells Computers in Healthcare what has happened in the year since the company acquired enough "critical mass" through purchasing McDonnell Douglas Health Systems Company to become a major player in the healthcare computing industry.     

Enterprise information systems state of the art: Past,present and future trends

This state-of-the-art paper is intended to set the scene for a special issue of the Computers in Industry Journal on “Future Perspectives on Next Generation Enterprise Information Systems”. It gives a brief history of Enterprise Information Systems (EISs) and discusses various aspects of EISs, including EIS design and engineering, the impact of enterprise modelling, enterprise architecture, enterprise integration and interoperability and enterprise networking on EISs before concluding.     

Book Reviews

Book reviewed in this article:
Computers: Promise and Challenge in Education , David Woodhouse and Anne McDougall.
Using Computers in English: a practical guide , Phil Moore.
Computer Controlled Interactive Video: Multi-Media Authoring Systems , Tony Droar.
Interactive Media: Working Methods and Practical Applications , Diana Laurillard.
Practical Computer Studies , Peter Avis.     

Information becomes lifeblood of reform. Interview by Carolyn Dunbar

The healthcare information systems industry holds the key to successful implementation of the proposals issued by the White House Task Force on Healthcare Reform, says John S. Silva, M.D., chairman of the Task Force Information Systems Working Group, in this exclusive Computers in Healthcare interview.     

Anecdotes [history of computing]

The University of Houston had an IBM 1401 computer (introduced in 1959). It had 4 Kbytes of memory and could be expanded by an additional 4 Kbytes. The base programming language for this IBM 1401 computer was Autocoder, a simple computer language. If we wanted to compile a Cobol program, however, the university had to send your Cobol card deck out of town to Texas A&M to have it compiled there because the University of Houston did not have a Cobol compiler. A small program, say one page in length (50 or so IBM punch cards, that is Hollerith cards), would take approximately an hour to compile. An SDS 9300 (Scientific Data Systems later became XDS, Xerox Data Systems) system only had tape reels for I/O, a card reader to start up and give directions to the computer, and a large line printer that was so fast it could make two and three pages of tractor-fed computer paper come out standing straight up in the air when it was printing one whole line at a time, hit after hit. That SDS 9300 had no keyboard and no video screen, only a large 3- by 4-foot flat metal face panel.     

Preserving security and privacy

At the "Computers, Freedom, and Privacy (CFP) Conference held in Berkeley, California, the spotlight was on the twin weights of national security and personal liberty - with technology the fulcrum on which all turns. It highlights included sessions devoted to the new international cybercrime treaty, a global crusade to spread technology to underdeveloped nations, laws meant to block illegal sites at the IP-address level, and wiretapping voice-over-IP (VoIP) communications.     

Objects,XML and databases

The 16th Annual ACM Conference on Object-Oriented Programming Systems, Languages, and Applications (OOPSLA) was held in Tampa Bay, Florida in October 2001. This special issue of Information and Software Technology includes selected papers from the Workshop on Objects, XML and databases that was held at the conference on Sunday and Monday, 14 and 15 October.     

Workshop on Distributed Fault-Tolerant Computers

Important directions for research were defined at a workshop on distributed fault-tolerant computers, held November 3-5, 1976, in San Juan, Puerto Rico. Sponsored by the IEEE Computer Society's Technical Committee on Fault-Tolerant Computing, chaired by John Meyer, and the Micro/Mini Computers TC, chaired by William Dejka, the workshop attracted 46 participants to discuss this rapidly developing area.     

Molecular genetics and computer analyses

This issue of CABIOS contains a set of reviewed papers which relate to the recent Macromolecules, Genes and Computers International Workshop and Symposium held August 12-17, 1986 in Waterville Valley, NH. This introductory article reviews that meeting and those ideas which will provide a useful context for the continuing research and discussions on molecular genetic analyses contained within this issue.     

Information industry leaders share visions of future. Interview by Carolyn Dunbar and Michael L. Laughlin

Computers in Healthcare editors Carolyn Dunbar and Michael L. Laughlin spoke to nearly a hundred exhibitors during the 1992 Healthcare Information and Management Systems Society last February in Tampa, Fla. The themes of these conversations invariably turned to patient-focused systems, standards, integration and, of course, controlling healthcare costs. Many HIMSS participants offered valuable insights, and unfortunately space does not permit us to run every interview. In the following interviews, however, three industry leaders share visions of where their companies--and the industry--are headed.     

Splitting methods for decision tree induction: An exploration of the relative performance of two entropy-based families

Decision tree (DT) induction is among the more popular of the data mining techniques. An important component of DT induction algorithms is the splitting method, with the most commonly used method being based on the Conditional Entropy (CE) family. However, it is well known that there is no single splitting method that will give the best performance for all problem instances. In this paper we explore the relative performance of the Conditional Entropy family and another family that is based on the Class-Attribute Mutual Information (CAMI) measure. Our results suggest that while some datasets are insensitive to the choice of splitting methods, other datasets are very sensitive to the choice of splitting methods. For example, some of the CAMI family methods may be more appropriate than the popular Gain Ratio (GR) method for datasets which have nominal predictor attributes, and are competitive with the GR method for those datasets where all predictor attributes are numeric. Given that it is never known beforehand which splitting method will lead to the best DT for a given dataset, and given the relatively good performance of the CAMI methods, it seems appropriate to suggest that splitting methods from the CAMI family should be included in data mining toolsets. Kweku-Mauta Osei-Bryson is Professor of Information Systems at Virginia Commonwealth University, where he also served as the Coordinator of the Ph.D. program in Information Systems during 2001–2003. Previously he was Professor of Information Systems and Decision Analysis in the School of Business at Howard University, Washington, DC, U.S.A. He has also worked as an Information Systems practitioner in both industry and government. He holds a Ph.D. in Applied Mathematics (Management Science & Information Systems) from the University of Maryland at College Park, a M.S. in Systems Engineering from Howard University, and a B.Sc. in Natural Sciences from the University of the West Indies at Mona. He currently does research in various areas including: Data Mining, Expert Systems, Decision Support Systems, Group Support Systems, Information Systems Outsourcing, Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis. His papers have been published in various journals including: Information & Management, Information Systems Journal, Information Systems Frontiers, Business Process Management Journal, International Journal of Intelligent Systems, IEEE Transactions on Knowledge & Data Engineering, Data & Knowledge Engineering, Information & Software Technology, Decision Support Systems, Information Processing and Management, Computers & Operations Research, European Journal of Operational Research, Journal of the Operational Research Society, Journal of the Association for Information Systems, Journal of Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis, Applications of Management Science. Currently he serves an Associate Editor of the INFORMS Journal on Computing, and is a member of the Editorial Board of the Computers & Operations Research journal. Kendall E. Giles received the BS degree in Electrical Engineering from Virginia Tech in 1991, the MS degree in Electrical Engineering from Purdue University in 1993, the MS degree in Information Systems from Virginia Commonwealth University in 2002, and the MS degree in Computer Science from Johns Hopkins University in 2004. Currently he is a PhD student (ABD) in Computer Science at Johns Hopkins, and is a Research Assistant in the Applied Mathematics and Statistics department. He has over 15 years of work experience in industry, government, and academic institutions. His research interests can be partially summarized by the following keywords: network security, mathematical modeling, pattern classification, and high dimensional data analysis.     

Resolving Load Imbalance State for SDN by Minimizing Maximum Load of Controllers

Journal of Network and Systems Management - This article presents a report on APNOMS 2020, which was held on September 22–25, 2020, at EXCO, Daegu, South Korea. The theme of APNOMS 2020 was...     

Emerging ICT concepts for smart,safe and sustainable industrial systems

This editorial introduces the special issue on Emerging Information and Communication Technology (ICT) concepts for smart, safe and sustainable industrial systems in the Elsevier journal Computers in Industry. The 13 papers in this special issue were selected because of their high quality and also because they propose emerging ICT solutions that address at least one of the three dimensions we suggest as basic requirements to design usable future Industrial Systems that must be safe, smart and sustainable. Previous global discussions about the state of the art with regard to the topic of this special issue are provided, as well as exploratory guidelines for future research in this area.     

Distributed Computing Systems

The 2nd International Conference On Distributed Computing Systems was held in Paris, France, 8–10 April, 1981. This meeting was organized by the Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et Automatique (INRIA) and the Laboratoire de Recherche en Informatique (LRI), with strong support from the International Committee on Distributed Computing of the IEEE. Sponsored by the IEEE Computer Society, A.C.U., A.F.C.E.T., C.N.E.T., C.N.R.S., E.R.O., and the I.F.I.P. Technical Committees 7 and 10, this was the second of a series of conferences which are expected to be held every eighteen months on the subject of Distributed Computing.The conference, which attracted more than 500 participants, was divided into the following topical sessions: (1) Opening Session, (2) Distributed Systems Structure, (3) Architecture, (4) Semantics of Parallel Programming, (5) Software Engineering for Distributed Systems, (6) Distributed Databases, (7) Performance Analysis, (8) Security and Reliability, (9) Distributed Scheduling, (10) Local Area Networks Applications, (11) Distributed Systems in Specific Applications, (12) Languages Constructs & Semantics of Parallel Programming, (13) Local Area Networks and Applications, and (14) Distributed Systems Structure.A detailed report on the conference, with emphasis on topics of special relevance to this Journal, is featured below.     

Closure properties and homomorphisms of time-varying systems

Input-output definitions of periodic and almost-periodic systems are given, and their algebraic and topological closure properties investigated. A topology for time-variance in general is then introduced. Using this topology it is shown that for a practical class of homomorphisms the degree of time variance of homomorphic systems cannot increase, thus confirming a belief commonly held by practitioners in systems modelling.This work was supported in part by NSF Grant No. GJ-29989 to the Logic of Computers Group, University of Michigan.     

2018年第三届智能机器人系统亚太会议(ACIRS 2018)（英文）北大核心CSCD

2018 3rd Asia-Pacific Conference on Intelligent Robot Systems(ACIRS 2018)will be held during July 21-23,2018 in Singapore.ACIRS 2018 provides a forum for scientific advances in the theory and practice of Intelligent Robot Systems.It is a highly selective,single-track meeting that will be soliciting submissions presenting significant,original,and previously     

CALPHAD XXXII 2003 conference proceedings

The thirty-second annual CALPHAD meeting was held at La Malbaie, Quebec, Canada, on May 25–30, 2003. The local organizing committee consisted of Prof. Arthur Pelton, Prof. Christopher Bale, Dr. Patrice Chartrand, Dr. Sergei Degterov, Dr. Jacques Melançon, Eve Bélisle, Marie-Pierre Paquin, and Marie Piché.There were 145 delegates and 18 accompanying guests attending the CALPHAD XXXII meeting, who presented 106 oral lectures and 46 posters. The conference opened with a welcome by Arthur Pelton and Christopher Bale. The scientific topics were presented in the following schemes: First Principles calculations, Alloy Systems—Experiments and Computation, Aqueous Systems, Non-Metallic Systems, Diffusional Kinetics, Solders, Semiconductor Systems, Software Developments, Industrial Applications and Geological Systems.     

AiM86 — automation in manufacturing

The sra International Conference: AiM86 — Automation in Manufacturing, was held in The World Trade Centre in Singapore from 18–21 November 1986. The event was organised by the sra Singapore Robotics & Automation Association in conjunction with MetalAsia86, the 4th Asian International Machine Tool & Metalworking Show, AutomAsia86, the 3rd South East Asian International Manufacturing Technology & Robotics Show.The conference was organised in six sessions: (1) Human Factors, (2) Automated Quality Assurance, (3) Sensory Systems, (4) Automated Manufacturing Systems i, (5) Automated Manufacturing Systems ii, (6A) Robotics, (6B) cad/cam. 36 papers were presented by internationally recognised experts.We present below a report on the lectures given at the conference.     

Advances in verification presented in TACAS’13

Computers are becoming increasingly ubiquitous in all aspects of our life. It is becoming more and more important to ensure that the software (and hardware) that drives them performs as expected. Verification is one approach to improve quality of software and hardware. Verification attempts to formally prove that programs or systems fulfill desired properties and lack undesirable properties. This is a thriving area of research, and much resources are invested in extending it both in academia and in industry. In this special issue, we introduce four papers on verification selected from the 19th International Conference on Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems (TACAS’13).