Ziegler-Natta催化剂的表征研究进展

综述了自烯烃聚合催化剂问世以来国内外在Ziegler-Natta催化剂(Z-N催化剂)表征方面的研究进展,介绍了通常用于Z-N催化剂表征研究的仪器及其研究内容,包括X光衍射、电子顺磁共振技术、核磁共振波谱技术、红外光谱、拉曼光谱、X光电子能谱,电子显微镜、热分析技术等,阐述了利用各种现代化仪器对催化剂的物化性质及其各组分间相互作用的细致表征构成了Z-N催化剂结构-性能研究的重要基础,探讨了Z-N催化剂表征研究的前景。     

微注射成型技术的最新进展

从微注塑设备、成型模具、成型材料、成型工艺控制以及质量表征等方面综述了微注塑技术的最新进展,并对微注塑技术的发展趋势作了展望.     

热分析技术在沥青表征中的应用

介绍了近些年来国内外热分析技术在沥青分析中的应用进展。首先阐述了热分析技术在沥青产品的相态与结构、硬化过程、低温抗裂能力、老化、热稳定性、流变性等六方面的应用,最后展望了热分析技术在沥青表征方面的应用前景。     

聚合物加工塑化程度表征技术研究进展

聚合物加工过程中,聚合物的塑化质量对于改变工艺参数、优化生产过程、减少原料浪费、提高产品质量有着非常重要的作用,因此,应当选择合适的检测技术描述和表征聚合物加工过程中的塑化质量。从离线检测技术和在线检测技术两个方面概述了近年来国内外学者对聚合物加工过程中聚合物塑化程度表征技术的研究进展,指出了未来的发展趋势,为后续实验研究提供了理论指导。     

天然气水合物表征技术研究进展

天然气水合物是目前最具发展前景的绿色新型可替代能源。研究水合物的基础科学问题,对认识和了解水合物结构特征、相转变、形成及分解机理等具有重要意义。重点对X射线衍射、核磁共振波谱、拉曼光谱技术在天然气水合物的结构鉴定、晶胞参数信息、动力学性质等方面的研究进行了综述,并简单讨论了各项表征技术存在的问题与挑战,指出了表征技术在天然气水合物研究方面的发展趋势与研究热点。     

X射线分析技术及其在量子点材料分析中的应用

介绍了常用X射线分析技术的基本原理,从晶体结构表征、粒径大小计算、表面元素分析等几方面概述了x射线分析技术在量子点材料分析中的应用进展。     

炸药晶体品质表征技术概述

从粒度、形貌、内部缺陷、晶型鉴定和纯度分析5个方面概述了炸药晶体品质表征技术。对其中主要方法的原理及优、缺点进行了分析,并介绍了一些具体应用。指出今后的研究方向及关键点,以期建立完善的炸药晶体品质表征技术体系,进而为提高含能材料的性能提供依据。     

适用于催化剂和发光材料研究的并行合成和高通量表征技术

介绍了作者课题组近年来所发展的适用于催化材料和发光材料研究的并行合成和高通量表征技术,以及在新材料筛选方面开展的工作。在并行合成方面包括组合喷射合成仪、微型阵列式溶液燃烧技术以及结合四元掩模和连续掩模的磁控溅射和脉冲激光沉积系统;高通量表征部分包括真空紫外荧光照相系统和组合光谱扫描仪、红外热成像筛选装置和同步辐射红外光谱成像系统。最后,简要介绍了利用所发展的组合技术在稀土聚合物敏化发光材料、真空紫外荧光材料以及可见光响应光催化材料方面开展的工作。     

低渗储层微观孔隙结构研究进展

低渗储层微观非均质性强,微观孔隙结构高精度表征成为低渗油藏开发的难点。近年来,国内低渗储层微观孔隙结构的表征技术开始从定性向定量、二维向三维转变,出现了恒速压汞、核磁共振等定量表征技术和X-CT、FIB-SEM等三维重构技术。理论方面也有孔隙结构模拟和分形学的发展。在阅读大量文献的基础上,指出国内低渗储层微观孔隙结构高精度表征处于起步阶段,定量测试和三维重构技术应用还不广泛,孔隙结构模拟和分形理论研究还不深入,有限样品点测试结果难以延伸到整个储层微观孔隙结构的预测。未来低渗储层微观孔隙结构的精细表征主要在于定性和定量相结合、数字岩心和孔隙结构模拟相结合、恒速压汞技术和分形理论相结合等多种理论方法综合应用。     

聚合物复合材料界面技术的研究进展

以玻璃纤维增强聚合物复合材料为例,综述了聚合物复合材料界面技术的研究进展,主要从界面理论、界面修饰和表征评估3个方面进行了介绍,并指出了未来聚合物复合材料界面技术研究的发展趋势。     

空心玻璃微球制备技术研究进展

空心玻璃微球（hollow glass microspheres,HGM）是一种新型填料,具有质量轻、强度高、流动性好,隔热、耐腐蚀等优点,在众多领域具有广阔应用前景。目前,已实现产业化的HGM制备技术主要有固相粉末法、液相雾化法和软化学法。本文综述这3种方法制备HGM的基本原理和应用进展,并讨论了各自优缺点,通过对比HGM的性能参数,对不同制备方法存在的问题进行了归纳总结,指出了软化学法制备HGM技术是未来的发展趋势。简要介绍了国内外HGM制备技术的研究现状和发展趋势。未来的研究重点将集中于低能耗、高产率、高强度HGM的制备技术。     

The Diversity of B0 and B1 Gradient NMR Diffusometry Techniques

The conventional pulsed gradient Hahn or stimulated echo methods for diffusion measurements are briefly reviewed. Compared to these techniques, unconventional NMR diffusometry variants based on gradients of the amplitude of the radio frequency field, on nonlinear (or multiple) echoes, and on imaging techniques open promising aspects depending on the application envisaged. A series of typical pulse sequences representing the diversity of NMR diffusometry methods is described and discussed with respect to advantages and disadvantages.     

Heat-Mass Transfer and Structure Formation During Drying of Single Food Droplets

In this article, some fundamental aspects of research on the subject are briefly reviewed. These aspects include that the major mathematical models proposed for single droplet drying, the major experimental techniques for measuring drying kinetics, the micro-structural aspects of the particle formed in lab and in commercial spray dryers, the solid/solute segregation phenomena and their relation to functional properties of the particles formed, and the influence of composition upon the drying rate characteristics. Many of these studies referred to in this article are recent but largely on dairy-based particles. Furthermore, some conclusions and possible future directions for R&D in the area are described.     

Editorial of the Special Issue: Signaling Molecules and Signal Transduction in Cells

In the special issue “Signaling Molecules and Signal Transduction in Cells” authors were invited to submit papers regarding important and novel aspects of extra- and intracellular signaling which have implications on physiological and pathophysiological processes. These aspects included compounds which are involved in these processes, elucidation of signaling pathways, as well as novel techniques for the analysis of signaling pathways. In response, various novel and important topics are elucidated in this special issue.     

生物技术在印染废水处理工艺中的应用

针对生物技术在印染废水处理工艺中的应用,分别从好氧、厌氧和好氧-厌氧三个方面进行了阐述,并列举了目前这三类生物处理技术的一些最新发展工艺.最后,对生物技术在印染废水处理中的发展方向进行了总结.     

Fluorescence techniques in the study of polymer colloids

Applications of fluorescence techniques to the study of polymer colloids are reviewed, with emphasis on excimer and exciplex forming probes and fluorescence energy transfer processes. In these experiments non-aqueous dispersions covalently labelled with naphthalene or anthracene were examined by a variety of techniques in order to elucidate aspects of core morphology with a resolution of about 10Å. The current “concentric sphere” or “core-shell” model of colloid structure was found to be inconsistent with the results of the luminescence experiments. A new “microphase” model is proposed which overcomes these difficulties. In this model, the core structure is seen to be made up of phase-separated microdomains of core and stabilizer chains.     

电感耦合等离子质谱对高盐样品元素分析进展

介绍了电感耦合等离子体质谱仪在分析高盐基质样品的元素含量中的应用,主要从离子交换树脂法、固相萃取法、接口技术、同位素稀释法、及碰撞/反应池技术（ DRC）技术五个方面进行分别论述,分别探讨了各个方法的特点,并对其发展前景进行了展望。     

肼类推进剂环境检测技术的研究进展

环境中的痕量肼、偏二甲肼和甲基肼等肼类推进剂的准确测定是一项重要又较为艰难的工作.综述了国内外在肼类推进剂环境分析检测技术方面的研究进展,如色谱分析法、光度分析法、毛细管电泳法、传感器法等,列举了各种分析技术的方法学特征及在实际样品测定中的应用实例.     

Comparison of Sample Preparation and Analysis Using Solid-Phase Extraction and Solid-Phase Microextraction to Determine Monohydroxy PAH in Urine by GC/HRMS

Sample preparation techniques using solid-phase extraction (SPE) and solid-phase microextraction (SPME) are compared for the analysis of monohydroxy polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (OHPAH) in human urine. Urine samples spiked with five carbon-13 labeled internal standards are first enzymatically hydrolyzed. Sixteen OHPAH from eight parent compounds (naphthalene, fluorene, phenanthrene, fluoranthene, pyrene, chrysene, benzo[ c ]phenanthrene, and benz[ a ]anthracene) are then extracted along with the internal standards by these two different techniques. The analytes are derivatized by a silylating reagent before final analysis. Final separation and detection are performed by temperature-programmed capillary gas chromatography (GC) and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). The two extraction techniques are compared for sample preparation time, cost, throughput, reinjection possibility, frequency of outliers, matrix interference, signal linearity, and method detection limit. SPE demonstrates major advantages over SPME for most of these aspects.