软测量在检测碳酸化塔中CO_2浓度的应用

利用自适应滤波辨识的方法,构造了联碱碳酸化塔中CO_2浓度的估计器,解决了在碳酸化过程中不能在线检测碳酸化塔中CO_2浓度的难题,对碳酸化过程的有效控制和节约检测成本有着积极的意义.     

卡尔曼滤波器在软测量建模数据处理中的应用

为了提高模型的精确度,建模分析得到的数据需要经过处理,以进一步消除噪声并降低随机因素的影响。利用卡尔曼滤波器对某石化厂支持向量机模型进行校正,达到了预期效果。仿真实验表明:卡尔曼滤波器在测量数据处理中有明显的去噪效果,在软测量模型校正中应用此方法,可以有效提高模型的精确度和可靠性。     

气敏电极测定液相中CO_2浓度

提出了一种快速、准确测定液相中ＣＯ２浓度的方法。考察了温度、Ｈ２ＳＯ４加入量等对结果的影响，并对该方法与其它分析方法作了对比及误差分析。结果表明：该方法操作简单、方便、精度高，尤其适用于液相中ＣＯ２低浓度的快速分析，具有推广应用价值。     

发酵过程酵母浓度的软测量

针时发酵过程酵母浓度的测量,提出一种基于支持向量机的软测量建模方法。仿真证明,该方法比典型的RBF神经网络软测量有着明显的优势,时于实现发酵过程自动控制和优化运行有着重大的意义。     

基于TDLAS技术的CO_2浓度测量

基于可调谐半导体激光吸收光谱(TDLAS)技术,结合HITRAN数据库对CO_2吸收谱线进行分析,选择对1 572.3nm附近的CO_2吸收谱线进行扫描,搭建TDLAS单光路测量实验系统。采用直接测量方法,对一定浓度的CO_2气体进行浓度测量。针对线型函数,提出了拟合吸收谱线加宽调谐范围积分和加入线型积分修正系数两种方法,并对两种方法做出了比较,得到较为准确的修正方法。     

神经元网络软测量模型在中药浓缩工段的应用

运用人工神经网络技术建立了在中药浓缩工段对药液浓度进行测量的BP网络软测量模型,利用Matlab6.5神经网络工具箱对该模型进行了初始化、训练和测试,样本数据来自某中药自动化智能控制系统的浓缩工段,训练采用Levenberg-Marquardt训练方式,结果表明该模型的输出与样本值的一致性较好.     

基于机理建模的聚醋酸乙烯浓度软测量技术

化工过程的先进控制必须依靠完善的信息系统,而产品质量的在线估计是构建完善信息系统的难题之一。利用软测量技术,通过机理建模,采用常规仪表成功实现了某厂聚醋酸乙烯浓度的在线连续检测。系统具有硬件设备简单、操作维护方便、使用寿命长、价格较低等优点,并易于与工厂原有装置进行系统衔接,检测精度达到0.5%。     

软测量技术及其在污水处理系统中的应用

在简单介绍软测量技术基本概念及其几种常用建模方法基础上，针对污水处理系统中软测量技术的应用，分析了软测量技术在污水处理领域的国内外研究现状和存在的问题及不足，最后提出了软测量技术应用于污水处理系统的研究发展方向。     

软测量技术及其在过程检测中的应用研究

随着监测与控制系统日趋复杂及计算机技术的发展,软测量技术的研究及应用得到了广泛的发展。本文阐述了软测量技术的原理及其应用现状,分析了存在的问题,并对其做了研究展望。     

Effectiveness of Amine Concentration and Circulation Rate in the CO2 Removal Process

Optimization of an amine-based method is vital to ensure product quality, equipment safety, and system efficiency. Here, the effectiveness of amine concentration and circulation rate is evaluated for a diglycolamine (DGA)-based facility. The performance is measured using the concentration of carbon dioxide in the treated gas and the net acid gas loading of the amine solution. Both amine concentration and circulation rate were observed to affect the system efficiency. An optimal operating range was identified for the gas plant studied established on the performance criteria. The analysis is based on a proprietary mass transfer-based process simulator of an amine-based acid gas treating facility and field data.     

CO2 Adsorption Kinetics of K2CO3/Activated Carbon for Low‐Concentration CO2 Removal from Confined Spaces

K₂CO₃ supported on activated carbon (K₂CO₃/AC) is a promising means to remove low‐concentration CO₂ from confined spaces. In this removal process, physical adsorption plays an important role but it is difficult to quantify the amount of CO₂ adsorbed when both H₂O and CO₂ are present. The linear driving force mass transfer model is adopted to study the CO₂ adsorption kinetic characteristics of K₂CO₃/AC by analyzing the experimental data. The effect of K₂CO₃ and H₂O on the adsorption of CO₂ in K₂CO₃/AC was also evaluated. K₂CO₃ loaded on the support is found to increase the mass transfer resistance but decrease the activation energy required for the physical adsorption process. The presence of water vapor is disadvantageous to achieve high physical adsorption capacity since it enhances the chemical sorption in the competitive dynamic sorption process.     

双塔再生工艺在合成氨厂脱碳系统中的应用

阐述了对合成氨净化系统进行双塔联合变压再生技术改造前后的生产工艺，并对改造后的节能效果进行了分析。     

高浓度二氧化碳入侵对土壤理化性质的影响

在地质储存CO_2(GCS)泄漏对生态环境的影响中,土壤作为生态系统中物质与能量交换的主要介质,其理化性质的变化研究尤为重要。采用人工模拟CO_2泄漏地表的方式,并分析土壤pH值、总有机碳、氮、磷、钾、水溶性盐浓度的变化及地表植物响应。结果表明:CO_2入侵使土壤总有机碳相比于对照增加了1.56%~43.75%,总氮下降了0.88%~13.25%,氨氮与硝氮也同比下降,磷、钾、水溶性盐总体也是减少的,但土壤pH值有所上升,且各植物长势均较好,尤其是豌豆与萝卜的生长较好。结论:高浓度CO_2入侵会对土壤理化性质产生一定影响,而且对植物的生长有促进作用。     

超临界CO2流体在化学反应中的应用

论述了超临界（亚临界）CO2在酶催化反应、氧化反应、催化加氢反应、烷基化反应、羰基化反应和聚合反应等方面的应用。指出了超临界（亚临界）CO2在高分子材料制备中具有重要的应用开发前景。     

Application of polyethylenimine‐impregnated solid adsorbents for direct capture of low‐concentration CO2

A systematic study of CO₂ capture on the amine‐impregnated solid adsorbents is carried out at CO₂ concentrations in the range of 400–5000 ppm, relating to the direct CO₂ capture from atmospheric air. The commercially available polymethacrylate‐based HP2MGL and polyethylenimine are screened to be the suitable support and amine, respectively, for preparation of the adsorbent. The adsorbents exhibit an excellent saturation adsorption capacity of 1.96 mmol/g for 400 ppm CO₂ and 2.13 mmol/g for 5000 ppm CO₂. Moisture plays a promoting effect on CO₂ adsorption but depends on the relative humidity. The presence of O₂ would lead to the decrease of adsorption capacity but do not affect the cyclic performance. The diffusion additive is efficient to improve the adsorption capacity and cyclic performance. Moreover, the adsorbents can be easily regenerated under a mild temperature. This study may have a positive impact on the design of high‐performance adsorbents for CO₂ capture from ambient air. © 2014 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 61: 972–980, 2015     

新型填料及分布器在脱碳吸收塔中的应用

介绍新型填料及新型分布器在脱碳吸收塔扩产改造中的应用情况。     

聚丙烯熔融指数软测量

采用机理和统计两种建模方法，建立聚丙烯生产过程熔融指数软测量模型。根据聚合反应机理和反应动力学，建立丙烯聚合过程的机理模型。统计模型则采用神经网络／部分最小二乘（NNPLS）方法。现场投运结果表明，模型计算速度和精度能满足工业现场在线实时运行的要求。