Ep≤200 MeV能区p+58Ni反应的计算与分析

以现有质子诱发⁵⁸Ni的各种核反应截面、能谱、双微分截面、弹性散射角分布等实验数据为基础，利用自行研制的大型核模型计算程序MEND计算质子能量在200MeV能区内⁵⁸Ni(p,x)反应的截面、能谱、角分布和n、p、α、d、t、³He6种出射轻粒子的双微分截面。MEND程序的理论框架基于球形光学模型、核子的核内级联发射模型、以激子模型为基础的预平衡发射理论、蒸发模型和带宽度涨落修正的Hauser Feshbach统计理论。光学模型中的势参数由APMN程序通过符合p+⁵⁸Ni反应的去弹截面和弹性散射角分布获得。出射粒子的双微分截面则利用MEND程序输出的能谱再通过Kalbach系统学公式计算。将计算结果与实验数据及ENDF/B6评价库进行了比较，计算结果与实验数据基本一致，与ENDF/B6相比，增加了³He的计算，且将能区上推至200MeV。      

中子与58,60Ni反应的理论计算

根据中子与天然Ni及其同位素反应的总截面、去弹截面和弹性散射角分布的实验数据，得到中子的光学模型势参量。应用得到的光学模型势参量，根据光学模型、统一的Hauser-Feshbach和激子模型理论以及扭曲波玻恩近似理论，系统计算和分析了中子与^58,60Ni反应的非弹散射角分布和双微分截面，理论结果与实验很好地一致。     

~(209)Bi中子反应双微分截面的理论计算和分析

根据209Bi与中子反应的总截面、弹性散射截面、去弹性散射截面和弹性散射角分布的实验数据,应用自动调整光学模型势参数程序,得到了一组中子的光学模型势参数;使用这组参数和中子能量在20 MeV以下的核反应理论计算程序并考虑了中子直接非弹性散射的贡献,计算了209Bi与中子反应的所有截面、角分布和能谱,特别是发射中子、质子、氘、氚和α 粒子的双微分截面,γ产生截面和γ产生谱。理论计算结果与实验数据和评价库的结果进行了比较和分析,结果表明:无论是反应截面,还是能谱,现在的结果比ENDF/B-6和JENDL-3评价库中的结果与实验数据符合的更好、更合理。理论计算结果以ENDF/B-6格式推荐并提供使用。     

n+232Th核反应光学模型势的计算

利用光学模型、宽度涨落修正的Hauser-Feshbach理论对中子入射232Th核反应进行了研究。以总截面、去弹截面以及弹性散射角分布的实验数据为依据,得到了n+232Th核反应在0.1–20 MeV能量区域的一套中子光学模型势参数,并以此计算了该反应的总截面、弹性散射截面、去弹截面和弹性角分布截面。理论计算结果与实验数据符合较好。     

中子与~(93)Nb和~(239)Pu反应数据的理论和评价

正中子与原子核反应数据是核科学研究和核工程设计的重要基础数据,也是核天体物理研究中的关键数据之一。93 Nb是重要的结构材料核,而239Pu是重要的燃料核。在中子与93 Nb反应的总截面、去弹性散射截面、弹性散射截面和弹性散射角分布角分布的实验结果基础上,给出了最佳的光学模型势。应用光学理论模型、预平衡反应的激子模型、多步预平衡反应模型、平衡态反应的理论模型、直接反应理论、核能级密度理论模型、轻粒子发射的理论模型等,计算了中子与93 Nb反应全套数据,结果与实验     

中子入射砷核同位素反应全套微观数据的计算与分析

基于光学模型假设和中子与天然砷反应的总截面、去弹截面以及弹性散射角分布的实验数据,获得了一组0.1~20 MeV能量区域内普适于中子与砷核同位素反应的光学势参数。并以该组光学模型参数为前提,利用以光学模型、扭曲波Born近似理论、统一的Hauser-Feshbach统计理论和激子模型等理论为核心的UNF程序,计算了中子与As及其同位素的反应截面、能谱和双微分截面值,并对理论计算值和实验数据进行了比较和分析,理论计算结果与实验数据符合较好,同时给出了无实验数据的区域的理论结果。     

中子与^181Ta反应的理论计算

本工作运用TALYS程序对中国评价核数据库中重要结构材料核Ta的全套中子数据进行了模型计算。根据中子与^181Ta反应的全截面、弹性散射截面和弹性散射角分布的实验数据，对Koning和Delaroche给出的中子普适光学势参数进行调节，得到一组适用于能量范围在0．1～30MeV之间、中子与^181Ta反应的光学模型势参数。     

139La全套中子数据理论计算及评价

利用已有光学模型参数,基于光学模型、扭曲波玻恩近似、统一的Hauser-Feshbach以及角动量宇称相关的激子模型等核反应理论,计算了20 MeV能量范围内,中子与¹³⁹La反应的全套数据,包括反应截面、弹性及非弹性散射角分布、中子及带电粒子出射的能谱及双微分截面等。对模型计算结果进行了评价和统调,加入了共振参数,并将评价结果与实验数据及已有评价数据进行了比对,所有数据均以ENDF-6标准格式输出。     

中子入射钆核反应的理论计算

在光学模型的假设下,以中子与钆核反应的总截面、弹性散射角分布等实验数据作为基础,使用APMN程序寻求到一组描述这个反应过程的光学势参数。在扭曲波波恩近似理论下,应用DPPM程序计算核反应过程的直接非弹性散射部分。应用以上结果,使用基于球形光学势理论、统一的Hauser-Feshbach理论的UNF程序,计算核反应过程中的各种截面,中子数据以及各种反应道的出射道的截面。在计算完各种数据后,与实验数据比较并给出没有实验数据区域的理论结果。     

n D反应的角分布和能量—角分布计算

用TSD程序计算了n D破裂反应出射中子和质子的能量角度分布和弹性散射角分布,其结果用ENDF/B-6格式收入了中国评价核数据第二版,CENDL-2,碎裂反应核数据能量验查误差小于百分之一。TSD程序是储连元及其合作者在三体Faddeev-AGS理论基础上编制而成的。我们用CENDL-2中氘核核数据计算出的n D的弹性散射微分截面和破裂 反应中子和质子的双微分截面与实验较好的符合。     

Calculation and analysis of n+Zr reactions in the En ⩽ 250 MeV energy range

All of reaction cross sections, angular distributions, energy spectra, γ-ray production cross sections, and the double differential cross section for neutron, proton, deuteron, triton, helium and alpha emission are calculated and analyzed for n+^{90,91,92,94,96,nat}Zr at incident neutron energies from 0.1 to 250 MeV. The optical model, intranuclear cascade model, the unified Hauser–Feshbach theory and the exciton model which included the improved Iwamoto–Harada model are used. Theoretical calculated results are compared with existing experimental data and other evaluated data from ENDF/B-VI.8, ENDF/B-VII.0 and JENDL-3.3. The optical model potential parameters are obtained according to the experimental data of total, nonelastic cross sections and elastic scattering angular distributions.     

Calculation and evaluations for n+Cu reactions

All cross sections of neutron induced reactions, angular distributions, energy spectra and double differential cross sections are consistently calculated and analyzed for n+^63,65,nat.Cu reactions at incident neutron energies below 200 MeV based on the nuclear theoretical models. The optical model, preequilibrium and equilibrium reaction theories, the distorted wave Born approximation theory are used. Theoretical calculated results are compared with existing experimental data and the evaluated results in ENDF/B-VII and JENDL-3 libraries. The optical model potential parameters are obtained according to the experimental data of total, nonelastic scattering cross sections and elastic scattering angular distributions.     

Theoretical calculation and analysis of the p+Co reaction

All cross sections, elastic and inelastic scattering angular distributions, energy spectra, and double differential cross sections of neutron, proton, deuteron, triton, helium and alpha particle emission for the p+⁵⁹Co reaction have been calculated and analyzed at incident energies from threshold to 200 MeV. The optical model, the intra-nuclear cascade model, direct, pre-equilibrium and equilibrium reaction theories are used. It is found that the theoretical calculated results are in good agreement with experimental data.     

Calculation and analysis of proton-induced reactions on Ni at incident energies from threshold to 200 MeV

Proton-induced reactions on ⁵⁸Ni have been studied in the energy range from threshold to 200 MeV. Based on experimental data of elastic scattering angular distributions and nonelastic cross section, an optimal set of proton optical potential parameters for ⁵⁸Ni has been obtained. All cross sections, elastic and inelastic scattering angular distributions, energy spectra and especially double differential cross sections for neutrons, protons, deuterons, tritons, helium particles and alpha particles emission have been calculated, using nuclear models theory. Theoretical calculations have been compared with existing experimental data, in most cases, the calculated results are in good agreement with the experimental data.     

Theoretical calculation and evaluation of n +~(240,242,244)Pu reactions

The nuclear data of n+~(240;242;244)Pu reactions for incident energy below 200 MeV are calculated and evaluated to meet the requirement in the design of an accelerator-driven subcritical system. The optical model is used to calculate the total, nonelastic, shape elastic cross sections, shape elastic scattering angular distributions, and transmission coefficients. The distorted-wave Born approximation is applied to calculate the direct inelastic scatterings to the discrete excited states. The nuclear reaction statistical models and fission theory are applied to describe neutron, proton, deuteron, triton, helium-3, alpha and c emissions, and fission consistently. The results thus obtained are compared with experimental data and the evaluated data obtained from ENDF/B-VII.1 and JENDL-4.0.     

Neutron elastic scattering angular distribution in the resolved and unresolved resonance regions

We derive a simple relationship between observed total cross sections and elastic scattering angular distributions for neutron-induced reactions in the fast energy range by combining resonance theory and the optical model (OM). This relationship enables us to estimate the anisotropy in the scattering angular distribution when experimental total cross-section data are available. We apply this method to the angular distributions of ⁵⁸Ni and ⁵⁶Fe and compare with the evaluated values which are based on the experimental data. We also explore the method with ⁹⁰Zr for which the multi-level Breit-Wigner resonance parameters are given.