Na~+、K~+、Mg~(2+)对纸面石膏板粘结性能的影响

该文借助TGA(热重法)、IC(离子色谱分析)等分析手段,研究了Na~+、K~+、Mg~(2+)对纸面石膏板粘结性能的影响。结果表明:Na~+、K~+对纸面石膏板的粘结性能基本没有影响,Mg~(2+)可以比较明显降低纸面石膏板的粘结性能;改性淀粉可以在一定程度上改善由Mg~(2+)浓度过高导致的粘结性能问题,但仍需在今后科研工作中找到更优的问题解决方案。     

纸面石膏板受潮挠度过大的原因分析及改善措施

运用热分析(TG-DSC)、X-射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)等测试手段分析了生产纸面石膏板所用原料熟石膏粉的化学成分、物相组成以及杂质成分对建筑石膏水化性能和板芯与护面纸粘结的影响.结果表明,可以通过选择低Na含量、低黏土含量的原料来降低石膏板受潮变形,同时添加外加剂可以改善石膏晶体的形貌,也能降低受潮挠度;实验室研究结果在石膏板生产线上进行了应用并得到进一步验证.     

粉煤灰与炉渣在纸面石膏板生产中的应用

以细度为0.2mm筛筛余量41%的粉煤灰、炉渣混合料，部分取代β-建筑石膏粉生产纸面石膏粉，探讨了不同掺量的混合料对纸面石膏板凝结时间、强度、板材密度及石膏芯材与面纸粘结性能的影响，对掺30%混合料生产纸面石膏的原料成本作了分析，并提出掺混合料生产纸面石膏板应注意的有关问题。     

纤维石膏板（一）

纤维石膏板是国际上继纸面石膏板广泛应用后又一次开发成功的新产品，其综合性能十分优越。该产品除具有纸面石膏板的优点外，还具有很高的抗冲击能力、内部粘结牢固、抗压痕能力强，在防火、防潮方面具有更好的性能，在保温、隔音方面也优于纸面石膏板。介绍了国内外各种纤维石膏板的性能、生产工艺和主要装备，简介了纤维石膏板的发展过程，揭示纤维石膏板在我国具有良好的发展潜力和较强的市场竞争力，可供同行在开发该类产品时参     

大型纸面石膏板生产线原料配料系统计量精度的改进及提升

为提升大型纸面石膏板生产线原料配料的精度,改善产品质量,研发了3000万m~2纸面石膏板生产线原料精准配料计量系统,调整后可广泛应用于3000万~6000万m~2纸面石膏板生产线。通过分析表明,在资金投入增加不多的情况下,该系统可明显改善纸面石膏板产品质量,并降低生产成本及减少生产损耗,具有很高的经济效益,满足新建纸面石膏板生产线技术提升要求,也适用于已有生产线技术改造。     

国产石膏板护面纸生产成功

我国从联邦德国引进石膏板生产线,自投产以来,一直使用进口护面纸。现在,我国已能自行生产。石膏板护面纸,是纸面石膏板的复合材料,石膏板的强度70%来自于纸面。因此,对纸的性能和质量有特殊要求:     

高强纸面石膏板的生产

研究了护面纸、建筑石膏等原材料和混合料配方及生产工艺参数对高强纸面石膏板性能的影响。结果表明:护面纸的抗张强度越高,板材的断裂荷载性能越优越;建筑石膏的品位越高,抗折、抗压强度越大,板材的断裂荷载越大;混合料配方及生产工艺参数对纸面石膏板性能也有较大的影响。利用现有的纸面石膏板生产线,完全可以生产出满足欧洲标准EN 520要求的高强纸面石膏板。     

乳化石蜡在石膏板生产中的应用研究

高性能耐水纸面石膏板可在潮湿环境中使用而不影响其性能。生产纸面石膏板时在料浆中加入适量的乳化石蜡,可有效提高纸面石膏板的耐水性,而对纸面石膏板的强度无明显影响;耐水纸面石膏板的吸水率随着乳化石蜡掺量的增加而降低,最佳掺量为5%左右。     

改性淀粉在纸面石青板中的应用研究

对纸面石膏板中使用的改性淀粉分子质量及糊化性能进行分析,并探讨了改性淀粉与其它外加剂的相容性,结果表明,纸面石膏板的粘结性能与改性淀粉的糊化特征密切相关,同时在选择其它外加剂时应考虑其与改性淀粉的相容性.     

不同温湿度条件下石膏板耐久性的研究

模拟自然气候条件,研究了高温高湿、低温、干湿循环和冷热循环对纸面石膏板性能的影响。以2种不同面密度纸面石膏板为试材,研究了不同环境下石膏板断裂荷载及剪切力,并分析石膏板强度变化的原因。结果表明,高温高湿、多次干湿循环对石膏板力学性能有明显的衰减,断裂荷载及剪切力下降超过15%。低温不会对石膏板力学性能造成明显影响。多次冷热循环对不同纸面石膏板影响不同。     

石膏纸板与纸面石膏板技术性能关系探讨

石膏纸板是生产纸面石膏板的主要原料之一。它的诸项性能对纸面石膏板的生产工艺及质量有着直接影响。介绍了石膏纸板的技术性能，生产工艺及纸板结构与原材料选用，分析了纸板强度，水分含量，单位面积质量对纸面石膏板生产工艺、产量、质量及成本的影响，深入研究石膏纸板并把它运用好是生产纸面石膏板的关键。     

混凝土密排内框架-纤维石膏板低周往复试验研究

本文提出了在速成墙板的孔腔中隔孔浇注混凝土的方案,通过对4块混凝土密排内框架-纤维石膏板在低周反复荷载作用下的试验研究,探讨了构件的抗剪承载能力、变形能力、破坏特征、构件的延性、恢复力特性、耗能能力等受力特性。试验结果表明,在竖向力和水平往复荷载作用下,混凝土密排柱纤维增强石膏板结构中的混凝土和石膏板作为一个整体共同承受外力作用,芯柱主要承受弯曲作用,最终破坏形式为弯曲破坏;石膏板主要承受剪切作用,破坏形式为剪切和挤压破坏;混凝土密排内框架-纤维石膏板的位移延性系数大于3。试验分析说明混凝土密排内框架-纤维石膏板具有良好的抗震性能。此板可以应用于实际工程。     

相变储能石膏板导热系数2种测试方法的研究

相变储能石膏板导热系数的测试多采用单一的非稳态测试方法,为更好表征相变储能石膏板导热系数的变化规律,分别采用稳态测试方法（防护热板法）和非稳态测试方法研究了相同配合比相变储能石膏板的导热系数.分析比较发现：随着相变材料掺量的增大,石膏基相变储能构件的导热系数降低;2种测试方法均能反映相变储能石膏板导热系数的变化规律,初始温度在相变温度区间时,试件的导热系数值最大;非稳态测试得到的导热系数值较大.     

Sensory evaluation of emissions from selected building products exposed to ozone

The interaction of ozone with eight different building products was studied in test chambers. The products were plasterboard, two types of paints on plasterboard, two types of carpet, linoleum, pinewood, and melamine-covered particleboard. Four months of conditioning prior to the experiment had left the products with a low emission. The products' ability to remove ozone from the air covered a wide range. For three of the products (plasterboard with paint, carpet, and pinewood), it was shown that the removal was primarily due to interactions in the products' surfaces and only to a minor extent due to gas-phase reactions. Sensory evaluations were carried out for five of the products, with different ozone-removal potentials. A sensory panel assessed the emissions from sets of two specimens of each product; one specimen was exposed to a high, but realistic, ozone concentration (10 or 80 ppb) and one specimen was exposed to no ozone (background level < 3 ppb). The panel assessed odor intensity and was asked to choose which odor of the two specimens they preferred. The perceivable changes in emissions due to exposure of the products to ozone depended on the type of product. The greatest effect was seen for carpet. Carpet was the only product that showed significantly higher odor intensity when exposed to ozone. Besides, the effect of ozone on preference was strongest for carpet and resulted in a clear negative sensory evaluation. A similar but less pronounced effect was seen for pinewood and plasterboard with paint. No clear preference was seen for melamine and linoleum.     

纸面石膏板干燥技术的现状和发展趋势

纸面石膏板干燥是与产品质量和生产能耗密切相关的重要环节。本文介绍了国内外纸面石膏板干燥技术的现状,并指出了纸面石膏板干燥技术的发展趋势。     

Mei Architecten En Stedenbouwers BV,荷兰

Design Concept: The Smart Block Design Carrying on from the firm's design of a "Smarthouse", the Smart Block will fit apartments with a light facade system made of the energy-saving product cast iron. The buildings interior walls will be made of galvanised steel C-profiles,coated on both sides with sheets of plasterboard between which insulation is placed. There is also a design option to use all recyclable materials. The design aims for 'autarkic' living, which allows residents to recover their basic needs for energy and water onsite. The smart block provides an innovative solution to potential flooding issues.     

Effect of moisture transfer on specific heat of gypsum plasterboard at high temperatures

This paper describes a combined numerical analysis of heat and mass transfer in gypsum plasterboard when exposed to fire. The outputs of this analysis include temperature, moisture content and pressure distributions in gypsum plasterboard. Validation of the analysis is provided by comparing the numerical temperature distributions with experimental results with the comparisons showing good agreement. A parametric study is then carried out to study the effect of moisture content on heat transfer in gypsum plasterboard. The results of this study are used to derive an approximate value of specific heat of plasterboard to be used in heat transfer analysis only.     

浅析我国小型纸面石膏板生产线现状与发展

本文分析了我国目前小型纸面石膏板生产线现状和存在的一些问题，并从规范市场角度，提出应对这类企业加强管理和质量监控，以保证纸面石膏板行业的健康发展。     

掺膨胀珍珠岩改善纸面石膏板性能的研究

通过实验室研究,并经大型生产线的综合试验证明,在纸面石膏板中掺入一定量的膨胀珍珠岩,在基本不影响纸面石膏板其它综合性能的前提下,可以降低纸面石膏板密度10%,并大大提高其遇火结构稳定性.     

The relation between growth of four microbes on six different plasterboards and biological activity of spores

Microbial growth on water-damaged building materials is commonly associated with adverse health effects in the occupants. We examined the growth of Stachybotrys chartarum, Aspergillus versicolor, Penicillium spinulosum, and Streptomyces californicus, isolated from water-damaged buildings, on six different brands of plasterboards. The microbial growth was compared with the biological activity of the spores, that is the potential to induce cytotoxicity and proinflammatory mediators in RAW264.7 macrophages. These results showed that the microbial growth on plasterboard depended on both the microbial strain and the brand of plasterboard used. The biological activity of spores appeared to be regulated by different growth conditions on plasterboards so that good microbial growth was associated with a low bioactivity of the spores, whereas the spores collected from plasterboard supporting only weak growth usually were biologically active. Cytotoxicity of either S. chartarum or A. versicolor did not correlate with any particular growth conditions or induced inflammatory responses. Instead, there were positive correlations between cytotoxicity and levels of induced proinflammatory cytokines for P. spinulosum and S. californicus. These data suggest that both the microbial growth on plasterboard and the resulting bioactivity of spores vary and might be affected by changing the growth conditions provided by the plasterboards.