A new regenerative snubber circuit for large-capacity three-level GTO inverter systems

Increase in the capacity of GTOs has made remarkable progress in recent years. At present, 4.5-kV, 4.0-kA GTOs are commercially available, and 6.0-kV, 6.0-kA GTOs made from 6-inch silicon wafers are appearing. The 6-inch GTOs will be applied to our three-level GTO inverter system. In order to apply GTOs to voltage-source inverters, snubber circuits are necessary for limiting on the turn-on di/dt and turn-off dv/dt. To realize high efficiency of the system, regenerative snubber circuits are often applied. A conventional circuit applied to three-level GTO inverters had the problem of long paths created for snubber circuits of the inner GTOs. Another circuit using a current transformer for recovering the energy trapped in the snubber circuits of the inner GTOs has been presented. In this paper, a new regenerative snubber circuit is proposed, which is more suitable for three-level GTO inverter systems with many phase-legs. By applying the snubber circuit, all snubber energy generated by each GTO switching can be regenerated to the dc link. In addition, high current turn-off performance of both the inner and the outer GTOs is verified by several successful experimental results using 6-inch 6.0-kV, 6.0-kA GTOs. © 1997 Scripta Technica, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 120(2): 41–48, 1997     

A new five-level inverter with reduced leakage current for photovoltaic system applications

A general growth is being seen in the use of renewable energy resources, and photovoltaic cells are becoming increasingly popular for converting green renewable solar energy into electricity. Since the voltage produced by photovoltaic cells is DC, an inverter is required to connect them to the grid with or without transformers. Transformerless inverters are often used for their low cost and low power loss, and light weight. However, these inverters suffer from leakage current in the system, a challenge that needs to be addressed. In this paper, a topology with two alternative connection models is presented to stabilize the common mode voltage and reduce the leakage current. The output voltage characteristic of the proposed inverter is five-level, which reduces the harmonic distortion in the output current compared to the two- and three-level inverters. The operation modes and output of the proposed topology are described and analyzed. The structures of the proposed inverter are simulated in MATLAB/Simulink and are compared with some well-known structures. Results show that the proposed structure with both connection models effectively reduces leakage current and improves grid current THD.     

A regenerative centrifuge drive using a current-fed inverter withvector control

The authors describe the development of a centrifuge drive based on a current-fed inverter. The power circuit circuit is briefly described and a block diagram of the vector control is presented. Experience in tuning the speed regulator and modifying the torque pulsations in order to prevent coupling chatter is discussed. A specially shaped enclosure was designed to accommodate the end user's space requirement and also to provide space for the electronics that control the sequence of operation. A number of these drives have been in operation for more than two years, and operating experience concerning cycle time, power consumption, and reliability is presented     

A new five-level inverter with reduced leakage current for photovoltaic system applications

A general growth is being seen in the use of renewable energy resources, and photovoltaic cells are becoming increasingly popular for converting green renewable solar energy into electricity. Since the voltage produced by photovoltaic cells is DC, an inverter is required to connect them to the grid with or without transformers. Transformerless inverters are often used for their low cost and low power loss, and light weight. However, these inverters suffer from leakage current in the system, a challenge that needs to be addressed. In this paper, a topology with two alternative connection models is presented to stabilize the common mode voltage and reduce the leakage current. The output voltage characteristic of the proposed inverter is five-level, which reduces the harmonic distortion in the output current compared to the two- and three-level inverters. The operation modes and output of the proposed topology are described and analyzed. The structures of the proposed inverter are simulated in MATLAB/Simulink and are compared with some well-known structures. Results show that the proposed structure with both connection models effectively reduces leakage current and improves grid current THD.     

抑制漏电流的非隔离电流型光伏并网逆变器

针对非隔离光伏发电并网系统的漏电流问题,提出了一种直流母线开关对称的非隔离电流型光伏并网逆变器.给出了逆变器主电路拓扑结构和开关组态,通过建立光伏电池寄生电容的共模等效电路模型,分析了漏电流的产生和抑制机理.根据开关组态和抑制机理,设计了相应的单极性双载波调制策略和准PR控制策略.仿真和实验结果表明,所提变流器具有良好...     

Analysis and implementation of a new zero current switching flyback inverter

In this paper, a novel zero current switching (ZCS) flyback inverter in discontinuous conduction mode (DCM) is proposed. In the proposed flyback inverter, the ZCS for the primary switch is achieved by adding a simple auxiliary circuit to the conventional flyback inverter. Also, the auxiliary switch is turned on and turned off at ZCS condition. Therefore, the switching losses of the switches are negligible, which increases the efficiency and allows higher switching frequency and more compact design. The resonant auxiliary cell is activated only in short transition times that makes its conduction losses negligible. Furthermore, the voltage overshoot of the main switch is limited during the turn-off process, which allows utilization of lower voltage metal-oxide semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs) with low conduction losses and low cost. The detailed operation of the flyback inverter with auxiliary circuit and design considerations are presented. Simulation and experimental results are presented to verify the performance of the proposed inverter.     

一种新型并网逆变器电流控制策略的研究

针对并网逆变器采用传统滞环空间矢量控制时存在的交流侧电流谐波总畸变率(Total Harmonic Distortion,THD)相对较大的缺点,提出分段控制的改进思想,即通过对交流侧误差电流矢量模值大小判断后,交替使用滞环控制与滞环空间矢量控制.给出电压合成矢量和交流误差电流矢量的空间划分方法,以及分段控制下开关状态的选择原则.利用Mat lab/Simul ink对改进前后的控制方案进行对比,结果表明改进后的控制策略不仅可以实现单位功率因数并网,还可以达到在减少开关损耗的同时,有效地降低交流侧电流谐波总畸变率( THD).     

一种新型移相级联式高压变频器

介绍Diamond-HV移相级联式高压变频器的原理、结构、控制策略、技术性能及现场应用结果。这种高压变频器设计新颖、独特，功率器件少、结构简洁，可靠性高，负荷均衡、线性度好，具有良好的控制特性。移相变压器副边绕组少、制作简单。多电平逆变器能产生多阶梯、低失真电压波形，特别适合于大功率高电压场合。Diamond-HV系列高压变频器输入输出谐波含量低、du／dt小，可直接驱动普通异步电动机．     

一种新型移相级联式高压变频器

采用HV-IGBT元件、作桥级联式的电平逆变技术多重化输出和模块化设计的移相级联式高压变频器．具有结构简洁．安全可靠、无谐波污染等特点．详细介绍了其结构和特点。经试验和实际应用证明．这种高压变频器所用功率器件少．负荷均衡．输入输出线性度好．具有良好的控制特性。     

A new medium-voltage PWM inverter topology for adjustable-speeddrives

In this paper, a new pulsewidth modulation (PWM) inverter topology suitable for medium-voltage (2300/4160 V) adjustable-speed drive systems is proposed. The modular inverter topology is derived by combining three standard three-phase inverter modules and a 0.33-pu output transformer. The output voltage is high-quality multistep PWM with low dv/dt. Further, the approach also guarantees balanced operation and 100% utilization of each three-phase inverter module over the entire speed range. These features enable the proposed topology to be suitable for powering constant-torque, as well as variable-torque type loads. Clean power utility interface of the proposed inverter system can be achieved via an 18-pulse input transformer. Analysis, simulation and experimental results are shown to validate the concepts     

基于复合电流调节的单相LCL并网逆变器控制方法

为了抑制并网逆变器LCL滤波器的谐振,减小双模式变流器因采用较大的输出滤波电容造成的基波电流跟踪误差和网侧电流畸变,提出了一种新型的加权电流控制方法用于单相微电网变流器的控制。首先,在虚拟坐标系下用比例积分谐振控制器提高加权电流的控制精度和动态响应。其次,考虑到传统的加权平均电流的控制不直接控制电网电流以及电网电流和加权平均电流之间的误差,提出了一种改进的电流前馈方法。该方法通过检测输出电流和网侧电流的低频误差构造出一个电流前馈项,从而有效地抑制了网侧电流控制的误差。仿真和实验验证了该控制方法的有效性。     

带有源缓冲的单级单相电流型逆变器

为了实现单级升压逆变,提出了一种带有源缓冲的单级单相电流型PWM逆变器,及其状态量限定下的输出电压反馈复合单周期控制策略,并对构成这种逆变器的电路拓扑、控制策略、关键电路参数设计、系统建模和仿真等进行了深入分析和研究,获得了重要结论。该逆变器电路拓扑主要由储能电感、有源缓冲电路、电流型单相逆变桥构成,存在三种工作模式和四种电路模态,通过三种工作模式的灵活切换达到限定储能电感电流和缓冲电容电压等状态量的目的,通过前馈储能电感电流和反馈输出电压的复合单周期控制实现输出正弦电压的稳定。1 kVA 100 V DC/220 V 50 Hz AC逆变器的原理实验结果表明,所提出逆变器能实现单级升压逆变,具有输出电压波形质量高、负载适应能力强和动态性能好的优点。     

基于间接电流控制的并网逆变器

提出了一种用于并网逆变器的间接电流控制新方法.该方法是在状态平均法的基础上对并网逆变器工作时的基本模态进行分析,推导出实现单位功率因数并网的占空比的控制函数,从而通过控制可调占空比对并网逆变器的输出电流进行控制.该方法的特点是控制电路中只有2个电压回路来调整可调占空比,由于没有电流检测回路,省去了工频变压器和电流互感器,使得控制结构简单,控制成本低:仿真结果表明,与其他传统的PwM控制方式相比,该方法具有抗干扰能力强、开关损耗小、输出电压的谐波畸变率小等优点.     

A two-switch high-performance current regulated DC/AC convertermodule

A high-performance current regulated single-phase DC/AC converter module is proposed in this paper. Its novel features include: a two-switch topology with no “shoot-through” paths, high input to-output voltage gain, low and constant switching frequencies, and practically instantaneous recovery from input or output transients. Moreover, by utilizing an inner filter capacitor current control loop the proposed module can maintain nearly perfect sinusoidal output voltages even with highly nonlinear loads. Furthermore, three-phase operation can be obtained easily by using three of these modules. Finally, the paper includes the analysis and design of the converter power and control circuits and the experimental evaluation of key predicted results     

A current regulated switched capacitor static volt ampere reactivecompensator

This paper introduces a current regulated switched capacitor static VAr compensator (SVC). The physical mechanisms governing the performance of the switched capacitor SVC are explained in detail. A relevant equivalent circuit is presented which helps prove that the oscillation of reactive power takes place in two different loops; between the main 60 Hz source and the AC input of the converter bridge; and between the energy storing device (in this case, a capacitor) and a set of fictitious voltage sources used for modeling the solid-state switches. The paper discusses the performance of such a device and presents the basic analytical expressions     

A new generalized inverter based on the active hybrid

The building block for the new generalized immittance inverter is a 3-port known as the active hybrid network. One of its ports is bidirectional, and matches a design admittance y₀. The second port operates in the send, while the third port operates in the receive direction. The hybrid is constructed from an op-amp and a 5-port network composed of a few resistors and the design admittance y₀. There are two versions of the hybrid: the voltage-inverting (i.h.) and the noninverting hybrid (n.i.h.). The inverter consists of an i.h. and an n.i.h. connected at their unidirectional ports in a loop. The gyration admittances are actual driving-point admittances in the circuit, namely the design admittances y₀, y'₀ of the two hybrids. Such an inverter, when terminated at its output port by a load admittance y, will give at its input port an input admittance y_in = y₀y'₀/y. Expressions are derived for the y parameters of the inverter at higher frequencies, thus accounting for the finite bandwidth of the op-amp. Two special cases are particularly treated, and experimental results are obtained for them. The first is the case of the resistive gyrator, for which y₀ and y'₀ are pure conductances. The second is the case of the capacitive gyrator, for which y₀ and y'₀ are pure capacitive susceptances. The capacitive gyrator is used to produce the supercapacitor, or f.d.n.r., and the results of measurements on a number of f.d.n.r. networks are given.     

三电平容错拓扑分析及预测控制研究

三电平逆变器系统具有输出电压谐波含量少和电压变化率低等优点,但随着开关元器件的增加,系统的可靠性将会下降,同时传统三电平电路拓扑存在中点电位不平衡的问题。基于此,提出一种改进的三电平逆变器拓扑。该电路的主要优点是采用串联的两电平对称结构,在任一桥臂的器件故障后通过并联到对称支路上,实现两电平的工作方式,同时引入第四桥臂对中点电位进行独立控制。在此基础上,采用模型预测控制对电路进行控制,针对其对模型依赖性较强的特点,对新型电路进行混杂系统建模,提高模型的精确性。实验结果验证了该电路拓扑和控制方法的正确性和可行性。