粉体粒度分布的分形研究

本文应用分形几何理论，研究了粉体的粒度分布特征，发现在双对数坐标下，许多材料粒径的重量累积百分含量与粒径之间呈直线关系，表明其粒度分布具有分形结构。分维可作为描述粉体粒度分布特征的一个序参量，其大小反映了粉体颗粒的组细程度和集中、不均匀特征，即粉体粒度分布空间结构性。并在监控粉磨机械效率、估测颗粒级配等方面有重要意义。     

粉体粒度分布的分形特征

应用分形几何理论，研究了粉体的粒度分布特征，发现在双对数坐标下，许多材料粒径的重量积百分含量与粒长之间呈直线关系。表明其粒度分布具有分形结构，分维可作为粒度分布特征的一个序参量，它反映了粉体颗粒的粗细程度和集中、均匀特性。     

水泥粉体粒度分布分维与其流动性的关系研究

为研究水泥粉体粒度分布分维与流动性的相关性,本文中将粒度分布分维作为表征水泥粉体的粒度分布特征,用图像分析法测算了5种水泥颗粒样品的粒度分布分维,5种水泥样品粒度分布分维值处于2.1006～2.2931之间;并用卡尔指数法测量了水泥样品的流动系数,考察了水泥粉体粒度分布分维及其与粉体流动性的关系,研究表明:水泥粉体粒度分布分维与其流动性呈线性负相关性。     

粉体粒度分布分形维数与流动性及硬脂酸镁改进流动性关系

粉体的粒度分布与粉体流动特性密切相关,粉体粒度分布分形维数可以很好地表征粉体的粒度分布情况。本文中在颗粒流动性测试时引入粒度分布分形维数,通过采用利用颗粒几何特征、便于采用数字显微和图像处理计算粉体粒度分布分形维数值的数学模型,得到粉体粒度分布分形维数值,探讨颗粒流动性表征参数与粉体粒度分布分形维数值间的关系;并就流动助剂硬脂酸镁对粉体流动性能的改进与粉体粒度分布分形维数值关系进行了初步探讨。结果表明:粉体粒度分布分形维数值可以用于表征粉体流动性能,粉体粒度分形维数值可作为指导掺杂流动助剂量的参数。     

窄粒度分布粉体产品分级的影响因素

在粉体制备的实际生产过程中，分级机是保证产品质量的重要环节，特别是在微粉窄级别物料的生产中尤为重要。这是因为窄级别物料要求产品的粒度分布很窄，即不能有大颗粒的存在，细颗粒含量也不能过多。这就要求分级机不但能去除物料中的大颗粒，而且要控制物料中的细颗粒...     

图像处理方法在粉体粒度分布测量中的应用

为考察图像处理方法在粉体粒度分布测量中的应用,用数码相机和显微镜获取二氧化硅粉和粉煤灰样品的颗粒形貌图像,分别运用图像处理方法中的手动方式和自动方式测算了所选粉体样品的粒度分布。结果表明,二氧化硅粉的微分分布呈双峰特征,其累积分布曲线呈近似"S"型;粉煤灰的微分分布呈指数下降,其累积分布曲线为不严格"S"型;图像处理方法是适用于测量粉体粒度分布的方法之一。     

现代粉体粒度测试技术

人类发展的历史，是人们对自然资源的开发利用不断向广度和深度延伸的历史，是对天然原材料的开发利用从直接到间接、从简单到复杂、从大到小，从粗到细的历史。现在，人类对粉体材料的应用已渗透到军事、工业、农业乃至科学技术的各个领域，并朝着不断细化的方向发展。     

粉体粒度测试方法评价

介绍了粉体粒度的几种测试方法，指出了测试技术的发展趋势，以及根据要求正确选择粒度测定仪的要点。     

影响粉体粒度测定准确性的研究

讨论了用NSKC - 1A离心式光透射粒度测定仪进行粉体材料粒径测定影响测定结果的几个因素 :在预分散时 ,要根据粉体的硬度和大致粒径范围 ,合理确定分散设备或设备组合 ;分散剂的种类和离心开始区段的设置对粒径分布影响很大 ;在充分分散的基础上 ,分散剂的量和分散时间对粒径影响不大     

粉体粒度测试方法评价

介绍了粉体粒度的几种测试方法，指出了测试技术的发展趋势，以及根据要求正确选择粒度测定仪的要点。     

Influence of Processing Parameters on Granularity Distribution of Superalloy Powders during PREP

In order to investigate the influence of processing parameters on the granularity distribution of superalloy powders during the atomization of plasma rotating electrode processing (PREP), in this paper FGH95 superalloy powders is prepared under different processing conditions by PREP and the influence of PREP processing parameters on the granularity distribution of FGH95 superalloy powders is discussed based on fractal geometry theory. The results show that with the increase of rotating velocity of the self-consuming electrode, the fractal dimension of the granularity distribution increases linearly, which results in the increase of the proportion of smaller powders. The change of interval between plasma gun and the self-consuming electrode has a little effect on the granularity distribution, also the fractal dimension of the granularity distribution changed a little correspondingly.     

超细粉末团聚体分形结构的小角散射测量及分维表征

通过小角散射实验对多种超细粉末的团聚体结构进行了研究，发现分形形态是粉末团聚体的普遍特征。提出了用新的团聚参数分维来表征粉末的聚集程度。分析并讨论了分维与团聚状态、工艺条件和粉末性能的相互关系。     

基于分形的航天器故障预报

提出了一种基于分形的航天器故障预报新方法,并给出具体预报公式。由于故障发生前都蕴含前兆因子,这些因子可导致测量信号分形维数的变化,根据这些变化可进行故障预报,该方法理论明确,参数简单,克服了传统故障预报方法易丢失故障信息的缺点。     

Fractal dimension of metallic fracture surface

In this study, a complete method of determination of the fractal dimension for fracture surfaces of ferrous alloys has been proposed. This dimension is determined for the vertical profile obtained by the profile technique cross-section. The image of the profile, seen through the microscope coupled with a camera, is recorded in a computer, where numerical processing is performed. For calculation of the same fractal dimension, the fd3 program has been used, which is available through the Internet. The essential element of the method is optimisation concerning microscopic magnification (scale of a length), resolution of the recorded image and selection of the grey level threshold at binarization. The tests for the stability of discretization, which enable minimization of the error of the measurement, have also been carried out. These tests consist in checking the difference in fractal dimensions for the same profile obtained in two different methods of contouring as well as the difference between capacitive, informative and correlative dimensions. In both cases, too big difference suggests that the determined dimension is not reliable. This method allows determination of the fractal dimension with an absolute accuracy of 0.05 in non-dimensional units. The method has been employed in many studies. In this paper the following tests have been presented: a “fractal map” of the fracture surface was made, an influence of the mechanical notch radius in a compact specimen on the fractal dimension of the fracture surface, an influence of the distortion rate on the fractal dimension, an effect of fatigue crack propagation rate on the fractal dimension and influence of the stress-intensity factor on the fractal dimension of the fracture surface. The following materials were examined: Armco iron, P355N steel and 41Cr4 steel in different states after the heat treatment. The measurements have been made for the specimens of the compact type. There was considered an influence of location of the place of measurement on the fractal dimension being determined. The dimension was determined on the profiles lying longwise and crosswise the crack propagation direction. It has been found that the fractal dimension of the fracture surface does not depend on a place of measurement. This suggests, among other things, that a distinction between the places, which were created under conditions of the plane stress, and the places, which were created under conditions of the plane strain state, cannot be made with the help of the fractal dimension. When testing an influence of the radius of the mechanical tip notch on the fractal dimension of a fracture surface, this dimension was determined in the places located at different distances from the tip of the mechanical notch. With respect to the radii up to 1.0 mm, no significant differences in fractal dimensions have been found. The fractal dimensions of the fracture surface for all examined materials were practically the same and they ranged from 2.02 to 2.10. However in some ranges of da/dN rate the dimension was changing inversely proportional to da/dN. Obtained results confirm that fractal dimension do not depend on the investigated material.     

粗糙表面轮廓的分形维数计算

本文介绍了粗糙表面轮廓盒维数的计算方法，并指出分形轮廓曲线的盒维数在１和２之间，而且其数值与取样长度、采样点数及测量仪器的分辨率均有关系．     

粉体粒度分布分维与流动性及滑石对流动性影响

通过粉体粒度分布分形维表征粒度分布和粉体流动性,并研究滑石粉对不同分形维粉体的流动性的影响.结果表明,粉体粒度分布分形维能很好的表征粉体的流动性能;流动助剂滑石粉掺入质量分数小于2%时,粒度分布分形维越小的粉体,其流动性改善越显著;当掺入质量分数为3%～5%时,各不同粒度分布分形维值粉体流动性变化平缓.     

基于小波函数迭代的外圆磨削表面分形分析

构造了一个小波函数,通过循环迭代得到的极限函数,很好地解释了机械加工磨削表面分形特征的形成。通过自主研制开发的光学微型三坐标测量机,对具有不同表面粗糙度值的外圆磨削样件进行非接触式测量。并利用结构函数法对测量数据进行处理,求得其轮廓分形维数,结果表明该方法具有良好的准确度和稳定性;用两维快速傅里叶变换方法(2DFFT)计算了磨削表面的面维数,根据Mandelbrot公式,证明磨削表面具有各向异性,这和磨削加工机理和方法是相呼应的。     

D6AC钢冲击断口形貌的分形研究

本文利用扫描电镜对含Mn$夹杂物和含ZrN夹杂物的D6AC钢的冲击断口形貌进行了观察与分析;利用数字图象法测定了试样的断口分形维数,揭示了冲击断口形貌和冲击韧性与夹杂物含量之间的内在联系,探讨了材料冲击断口形貌与分形维数的关系,拓宽了分形几何学在材料领域的应用范围.     

基于分形的表面形貌特征描述与评定参数的研究

运用Ｗｅｉｅｒｓｔｒａｓ－Ｍａｎｄｅｌｂｒｏｔ函数对表面形貌进行描述，并利用结构函数求出表面形貌的分形维数和形貌系数。研究了分形参数与表面支承长度率曲线的关系。理论分析和实验结果表明：支承长度率曲线主要与分形维数有关，而形貌系数对该曲线的影响较小。用分形理论研究表面形貌时，分形维数是主要的评定参数，它能提供表面接触承载能力的单值定量的评估，从而比支承长度率曲线更简洁而实用。