关于推广应用螺杆泵采油的建议

螺杆泵能用于游梁式机泵和电潜果无法拍采的稠油并、含砂油并和低产油井及中后期水驱油田的采油作业。实践表明，螺杆泵采油系统效率达６３，４％，比游梁式机泵效率高１３％，比电潜泵效率高５０％。为推广应用螺杆泵采油，建议继续开展地面机械和液压驱动单螺杆泵采油装置的研究，并建立螺杆泵应用试验区，形成和完善螺杆泵抽汲预测监测系统。     

悬吊式电潜螺杆泵的研制与应用

针对电潜泵、单螺杆泵和电潜螺杆泵在开发高粘稠、高含砂类油井中各存在着不同的缺陷,开发了一种悬吊式电潜螺杆泵。该泵与传统的电潜泵、电潜螺杆泵等潜没式电泵的结构不同,它是将泵悬吊于原动机组之下。由于原动机组位于油管与泵之间,运行时泵举升的井液必须途经原动机组才能到达油管。特将电动机、减速器、保护器等原动机组部件置于导流套内,并使导流套内周面与电动机等各部件的外周面间形成环形空间,从而解决了井液导流问题。现场应用表明,该悬吊式电潜螺杆泵在低产量(≤30 m3/d)、高含砂油井的适用性和节能方面表现尤为突出,机组运行稳定,启动性能好,各项指标都优于常规电潜螺杆泵。     

电动潜油螺杆泵用于稠油大斜度定向井的讨论

简要介绍了电动潜油螺杆泵采油系统的组成、技术特点及应用条件 ;从新庄油田原油性质、井深范围、试油试采效果、电动潜油螺杆泵采油技术特点及职工的技术素质 5个方面分析了该油田应用电动潜油螺杆泵的技术优势 ;从该油田油井产能低、井斜角大、出砂、井液中含有腐蚀性物质及电动潜油螺杆泵工艺技术现状等方面分析了该油田应用电动潜油螺杆泵存在的问题 ,并提出了相应的技术对策。由此得出结论 :电动潜油螺杆泵采油技术在新庄油田大斜度定向井上应用具有很好的适应性 ,可以合理高效地开发油田难动用地质储量 ,对河南油田持续稳定发展具有重要意义。今后应加强调研和室内试验研究 ,以提高现场工艺成功率。     

浅海油田电潜泵应用技术初探

针对胜利浅海油田电潜泵应用过程中存在的技术故障问题和优化配套问题进行了分析,提出了解决措施。进一步分析表明,实施电潜泵的综合治理,对电潜泵井优化配套是一个不可缺少的重要环节,电潜泵井优化设计是确保电潜泵井高效生产,机组处于最佳运行状态的重要前提。借鉴陆上油田治理电潜泵井的先进经验,充分利用其配套优化技术,针对浅海油田特殊井况,采取不同的措施,如采用气-液处理器、电潜螺杆泵、测温测压装置等新技术,对于提高电潜泵系统效率,延长检泵周期有着非常积极的意义。     

螺杆泵在稠油出砂井中的应用

介绍了螺杆泵采油系统的基本结构和工作原理。通过螺杆泵在桩西稠油出砂井中的应用，分析了螺杆泵在高粘油井和出砂油井中的适应性以及油并常电效果，总结螺杆泵采油系统现场施工时的注意事项。展现了螺杆泵采油系统在高粘稠油和出砂井等方面良好的应用前景。     

螺杆泵防抽空变频装置

1．问题的提出 目前大庆油田螺杆泵采油井达2000余口，大庆油田采油五厂螺杆泵采油主要用于新投产能井上，这部分井产液量低，预测产液量偏差较大，螺杆泵的排量调节范围相对较小，易发生泵抽空现象；对于聚驱螺杆泵采油井，因聚驱阶段产液变化较大，也易发生抽空现象。抽空后因定、转子间摩擦产生高温而液流冷却不够，造成定子橡胶的损坏，油井停产，既影响了正常生产又增加了生产费用。对这类井常规方法是应用变频控制装置，扩大螺杆泵采油井的参数下调范围。但这种调整是人工控制，需要从较低转速逐步摸索上调，不利于发挥油井潜能。对于产液量短时间发生较大变化的井仍会发生抽空现象。     

电潜螺杆泵采油系统的开发与现场应用

螺杆泵是开采高粘度、含固相流体的理想机采方式。针对地面驱螺杆泵的技术局限性,开发研制了综合无杆采油技术——井下电机驱动和螺杆泵为一体的电潜螺杆泵采油系统。对电潜螺杆泵采油系统的技术特点、开发该系统的技术关键及解决方式、系统组成及工作原理、主要技术指标及选井要求进行了阐述,并就所开发出的第一套电潜螺杆泵采油系统的现场应用情况作了介绍。研究及现场应用表明,该系统为螺杆泵的应用提供了更广阔的空间。     

电动潜油螺杆泵技术及应用

电潜螺杆泵是针对电动潜油离心泵(简称电泵)对井液适应性差和地面驱动螺杆泵不能在斜井深下的弱点而提出的,在稠油井、高含砂、含气井、斜井及定向井的开采中,具有更大的优势,有广泛的应用前景.     

螺杆泵采油工艺技术应用研究

华东分公司小油田30年来一直从事油气滚动勘探开发,采油工艺技术应用比较落后,2004在高含蜡井成功地应用了螺杆泵采油工艺新技术。在概括螺杆泵采油系统特点的基础上,详细介绍了在苏205B高含蜡井和北汉庄油田稠油井的应用。应用螺杆泵采油,既降本增效,又提高了原油产量。2005年在完善其配套工艺技术的同时,不仅扩大了生产井的应用范围,也延长了油井修井周期。     

稠油出砂油藏机采新技术

根据油井原油性质和出砂情况，对电潜螺杆泵和抽稠防砂泵两种新工艺进行了现场试验，取得了良好应用效果。螺杆泵能够较好地适应稠油出砂采油，而电潜螺杆泵综合了无杆泵和螺杆泵两方面的优点，是适应稠油出砂冷采的采油系统。抽稠防砂泵具有液力反馈作用，可有效解决砂卡、砂埋柱塞、抽油杆下行困难等问题，能够满足稠油出砂冷采对泵的要求。     

顺,反,顺-1,2,3,4-环丁烷四甲酸二酐的合成

以碳酸二乙酯为溶剂,顺丁烯二酸酐为原料,在紫外光的照射下进行[2+2]环加成反应,制备得到顺,反,顺-1,2,3,4-环丁烷四甲酸二酐,并通过IR和1 H NMR对其结构进行了确证。实验结果表明,较佳反应条件是:顺丁烯二酸酐浓度为9%,高压汞灯照射,反应时间4h,反应温度6℃,产品顺,反,顺-1,2,3,4-环丁烷四甲酸二酐的产率为82.6%,纯度可达99.2%。     

New Modifications Bart,Bdchamp, Mayer,Rosenmund, Scheller,Sherlyn-Braz Reactions with Halides of Arsenic,Antimony and Bismuth

It was discovered a new approach modification Bart, Beschamp, Mayer, Rosenmund, Scheller, Sherlyn-Braz reactions with of arsine, stibine and bismuthine in organometallic chemistry. The authors have proposed a new mechanism for possible reactions.     

Search for New Three-, Four-Component Petasis,Passerini, Hantzsch,Kabachnic-Fields,Ugi Reactions with Organic Compounds of Phosphorus,Arsenic, Antimony and Bismuth

It is discovered a new three-, four-component Petasis, Passerini, Hantzsch, Kabachnic-Fields, Ugi reactions with of arsine, stibine and bismuthine in organometallic chemistry. Modifications were replaced to a nitrogen atom of classical reactions of atoms of phosphorus, arsenic, antimony and bismuth. It has been proposed a new mechanism for possible reactions.     

水淹枯竭气藏型地下储气库盘库方法

地下储气库多周期运行盘库,是研究气库运行规律、分析漏失、进一步提高气库运行效率和降低气库运行成本的关键环节。已建立的未水淹气藏型地下储气库盘库数学模型却并不适用于水淹枯竭气藏型地下储气库,评价结果明显高于实际注采气量。为此,通过深入分析水淹枯竭气藏型地下储气库气驱排水扩容机理、多周期注采运行过程中气水两相宏观与微观运动规律及可能的分布状态,创新性提出了可动用库存量的概念,以注采气量与视地层压力在一个注采周期内满足定容压升降方程为评价准则,建立了水淹枯竭气藏型地下储气库盘库模型。实例验证结果表明,该模型计算的结果与实际吻合,可用于水淹枯竭气藏型地下储气库多周期运行盘库计算和分析。为储气库运行、管理及调整提供了依据。     

Solid waste issue: Sources,composition, disposal,recycling, and valorization

Disposal of solid wastes is a stinging and widespread problem in both urban and rural areas in many developed and developing countries. Municipal solid waste (MSW) collection and disposal is one of the major problems of urban environment in most countries worldwide today. MSW management solutions must be financially sustainable, technically feasible, socially, legally acceptable and environmentally friendly. Solid waste management issue is the biggest challenge to the authorities of both small and large cities’.Valorization of food organic waste is one of the important current research areas. The conventional landfill, incineration, composting, and ways of handeling solid wastes are common as mature technologies for waste disposal. Traditionally, the most commonly used technologies for the treatment and valorization of the organic fraction of MSW are composting and anaerobic digestion (AD). The generation of organic solid waste (OSW); worldwide; is dramatically increasing each year. Most of the OSW’s are composed of agricultural waste, household food waste, human and animal wastes, etc. They are normally handled as animal feed, incinerated or disposed to landfill sites. OAW’s are comprised of materials rich in proteins, minerals, and sugars that could be used in other processes as substrates or raw materials.     

PERMIAN TO TERTIARY FAUNAS AND PALEOGEOGRAPHY: SOMALIA, KENYA, TANZANIA, MOZAMBIQUE, MADAGASCAR, SOUTH AFRICA

Permian to Tertiary faunas along the eastern margin of Africa, and on Madagascar, are presented, described, and discussed. Presentation of the faunas is made in four charts: Permo-Triassic, Jurassic, Cretaceous, and Tertiary. A correlation chart provides tentative time-rock units. Paleogeography northeast and east of Africa is derived from the writer's analysis of marine invertebrate fauna, and is delineated in sketches for Late Permian, Jurassic, and Cretaceous times. Limitations exist on the conclusions that can be drawn from fauna alone. Pelagic waters can be indicated, but their extent cannot be specified, and lack of diversification in some of the pelagic genera results in unavoidable ambiguities of interpretation. Nothing in the faunal evidence so far available, however, disproves unequivocally the existence of an ancestral Indian Ocean from Late Permian onward. Even if such an ancestral ocean did not exist the pattern of pelagic waters that can be inferred from marine invertebrate fauna constitutes an impediment to models that suture Australia or India to Africa or Madagascar. Peninsular India, on readings of its own geology across the foreland-orogen boundary, may have occupied its present position through the whole of geologic time.     

泌阳凹陷陡坡带砂砾岩体预测

在对泌阳凹陷陡坡带砂砾岩体空间展布预测中,以层序地层学研究为基础,依据古地貌沟扇对应理论,利用地震属性分析技术和地震反演技术,寻找砂砾岩扇体并确定其分布边界.预测结果,在陡坡带边界断层附近发现了新的砂砾岩扇体,在深凹区过渡带发现了浊积砂体,均为有利的油气聚集区,经钻探获得了良好效果,对陡坡带砂砾岩体的勘探起到 较好的指导作用.图3参10