基于斯特封的往复密封摩擦磨损界面性能实验研究

斯特封是常用的往复密封件,其中斯特封的PTFE圈性能及活塞杆表面材料在往复密封过程中起着重要作用。搭建往复密封实验台,取4组添加碳纤维PTFE的密封圈分别与镀Cr膜活塞杆和镀DLC膜活塞杆进行往复密封台架实验,实验后获取使用过的4组密封圈作为实验样本,并取1个全新未使用的添加碳纤维PTFE的密封圈作为参考样本。通过三维白光干涉表面形貌仪、场发射环境扫描电子显微镜和冷场发射高分辨扫描电子显微镜分别对实验样本的密封唇进行表面形貌、表面磨损和磨损表面元素进行测定。通过实验测定,得出镀膜材料脱落形成磨粒导致密封圈表面磨损。还对密封圈的加工方法和活塞杆镀膜材料的选择提出了建议。     

石墨填充改性PTFE纤维编织盘根的研制

通过纤维线的制作、浸渍、编织和后处理,成功研制了石墨填充改性PTFE纤维编织盘根,该编织盘根具有良好的耐温性能、耐磨性能、压缩回弹性能和较低的摩擦系数,克服了普通聚四氟乙烯纤维编织盘根导热性能差和易磨损等缺点,非常适用于强腐蚀和高线速度的动态密封场合。     

一种高碳纤维盘根弹性变形曲线与摩擦系数测试实验的研究

针对一种复合式回转窑密封装置使用的高碳纤维盘根的弹性变形曲线与盘根-钢板摩擦系数的测定,设计、制作了一台实验装置。通过实验得出了该型盘根的弹性变形曲线和盘根-钢板摩擦系数,可为密封装置的设计提供依据。该型盘根为非线性弹性变形,加载卸载后形变为2mm,盘根-钢板干摩擦系数为0.174,润滑状态摩擦系数为0.08。     

基于液压往复密封的聚醚醚酮性能研究及其应用

针对液压往复密封的低摩擦、高耐磨、耐高压抗挤出、耐液压油等独特工况条件,采用聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)和碳纤维对聚醚醚酮(PEEK)材料进行填充改性,研究改性PEEK材料的力学性能和摩擦磨损性能,并与填料改性PTFE材料进行比较。通过结构设计和有限元仿真分析,对改性PEEK材料与弹性体材料组合的密封件在不同温度下的密封性能进行了模拟和分析,并通过密封功能试验对模拟分析结果进行了验证。结果发现:质量分数20%PTFE填充改性PEEK材料的摩擦因数最低,且其对金属摩擦副无损伤,更适用于液压往复密封;组合密封能有效克服PEEK材料弹性性能差、安装困难的不足。有限元仿真分析结果表明,组合密封在不同温度下能很好适应42 MPa的压力。密封功能试验表明,组合密封比单一PEEK材料密封的启动摩擦力小、泄漏率低,证明改性PEEK材料可替代聚四氟乙烯和尼龙材料应用在液压往复密封领域。     

固体润滑剂对碳纤维增强尼龙复合材料摩擦学性能的影响

分别制备了PTFE／碳纤维、MoS2／碳纤维混杂增强的尼龙66复合材料,用MM-2000型摩擦磨损试验机评价其摩擦磨损性能,用SEM和XPS分析了磨损表面。结果表明：PTFE／碳纤维混杂增强可以明显改善尼龙复合材料摩擦学性能;MoS2／碳纤维混杂增强没有改善复合材料的摩擦学性能;MoS2在摩擦过程中氧化生成的MoO3充当了摩擦副之间的磨粒,其磨损机理推测为粘着和磨粒磨损的综合作用。     

石墨及纤维填充聚四氟乙烯复合材料的摩擦学研究

研究了在碳纤维(CF)和玻璃纤维(GF)混杂纤维改性PTFE复合材料中添加石墨(Gr)的力学性能和摩擦磨损性能,探讨纤维及石墨的润滑协同效应.结果表明,纤维填料的加入使得复合材料的拉伸强度和伸长率有所降低,但大大提高了复合材料的硬度,石墨的加入能够降低摩擦因数,提高耐磨损性能.14? 9%GF 2%Gr复合材料具有较好的摩擦磨损性能,磨损表面(SEM)形貌较光滑,改变了纯PTFE的磨损机制,高载荷下耐磨损性能更突出.3种填料在PTFE基体中起到了很好的协同作用,综合性能较优异,具有一定的应用价值.     

高分子聚合物材料微动摩擦磨损行为

组合密封中塑料环的耐磨特性对其密封性能有重要作用,为优选合适对摩材料,研究超高分子量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)、聚四氟乙类(PTFE)+40%铜粉、PTFE+7%碳纤维、PTFE+7%碳纤维+5%MoS₂、聚醚醚酮(PEEK)5种高分子聚合物材料与QT500对摩的微动摩擦磨损性能。从中筛选出PTFE+7%碳纤维、UHMWPE 2种材料进行不同微动行程、润滑条件下的对比试验。结果表明：无论是在干摩擦还是油润滑条件下,UHMWPE材料的平均摩擦因数随着微动行程的增大而增加,PTFE+7%碳纤维材料达到稳定状态时摩擦因数随着循环次数的波动较小。综合试验结果,当微动行程小于等于0.2 mm时建议选用PTFE+7%碳纤维,微动行程大于0.2 mm时建议选用超高分子量聚乙烯材料。     

碳纤维表面化学镀铜工艺优化及摩擦性能研究

研究了碳纤维表面预处理和化学镀铜工艺,采用正交设计方法对碳纤维镀铜工艺进行优化,并对制备的镀铜碳纤维进行SEM和XRD微观表征.在镀铜碳纤维中加入PTFE制备固体润滑复合材料,并进行摩擦磨损实验.实验结果表明:碳纤维表面有C= =O及C-O-C等极性基团,能与铜产生较好的机械结合力;经过解胶、还原等表面处理后,碳纤维表面形成凹槽和微孔,便于化学镀时铜附着在其表面;化学镀后铜与碳纤维结合紧密,碳纤维表面镀层光亮、均匀致密、具有较好的结合力;采用化学镀原料配比CuSO4·5H2O 15 g/L,EDTA 25 g/L,NaOH 16 g/L制得的镀铜碳纤维,其镀铜量居中,加入PTFE所制得的固体润滑材料摩擦因数和磨损量较低,且摩擦因数有下降的趋势.     

碳纤维编织密封材料浸渍工艺研究

由机械部合肥通用机械研究所完成的机械工业部基金委基金项目“碳纤维编织密封材料浸渍工艺研究”，针对国内碳纤维纺织密封产品浸渍工艺技术落后状况，通过吸收国外先进技术经验，开展真空浸渍成套技术研究，确定工业设备的技术参数、浸渍材料与配方、产品性能试验等技术攻关后，开发出了高性能的碳纤维编织密封产品，使该产品质量达到了一等品水平，较好地解决了机泵阀设备的密封泄漏问题。新研制的碳纤维编织密封材料由于碳化率达到90％以上，因而各项综合性能优异，使用温度可达350”C，使用介质压力15MPaLi下，使用寿命达1年以上。所…     

填料对聚四氟乙烯工程塑料改性的影响

研究了MoS2、PbS、石墨、玻璃纤维、碳纤维等填料对聚四氟乙烯（PTFE）工程塑料抗磨损、摩察系数、表面硬度、耐冲击强度等性能的影响。结果表明：填料可将PTFE的磨损量降低2个数量级，石墨和适量硬质填料的协同作用对PTFE的改性效果比较理想，既降低了PTFE的磨损量，增大了表面硬度，又提高了耐冲击强度。对其作用机理进行了分析和探讨，为材料的性能优化提供理论依据。     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

Quantum Cooperative Robotics and Autonomy

The intersection of Quantum Technologies and Robotics Autonomy is explored in the present paper.The two areas are brought together in establishing an interdisci...     

考虑进油孔有限长滑动轴承油膜力的近似解析解

针对具有进油孔的有限长滑动轴承油膜力求解问题,采用变分原理和分离变量法,求得了有限长滑动轴承油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式。将油膜压力分布的近似解析表达式在油膜存在区域上进行积分,即得到了油膜力。将提出的计算有限长滑动轴承油膜力方法与无限长轴承模型、有限元方法的计算结果进行了比较,发现了提出的方法与有限元方法的计算结果很接近。最后,研究了进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域、油膜力等的影响,研究结果表明进油孔位置和进油压力对油膜存在区域和油膜力有较大的影响。     

三绕组变压器的双绕组等效建模及在Matpower中的应用

针对实际电网存在着大量的三绕组变压器,但国际上一些著名商业软件,如BPA仿真软件、Matpower这一权威潮流计算开源软件,均只提供双绕组变压器模型,限制了其在具有三绕组变压器的电力系统中的应用的问题,潮流计算是自主开发的电力系统各种应用软件的核心模块,因此依托国际权威开源程序进行二次开发,是一种较好的选择。对Matpower要求的数据格式进行了归纳,对变压器的一般的等值电路及带理想变压器的等值电路和带标幺值的等值电路进行了分析研究,提出了三绕组变压器转换为双绕组等效模型的建模方法,使得原先只适应双绕组变压器的潮流计算软件可以适用于三绕组变压器电网的潮流计算;最后以Matpower软件为例进行了案例计算,并用PSASP仿真软件进行对比验证。研究结果证明,所提出的建模方法是有效的。     

On the Relation of Load to Average Gap in the Contact Between Surfaces with Longitudinal Roughness

A computer simulation model for the contact between longitudinally-oriented rough surfaces has been formulated. This model closely duplicates the actual surf ace contact deformation behavior by taking into account the elastic interactions between the asperities. There were no assumptions made about the shapes, or any deformation behavior of the asperities, except for their obeying the laws of elasticity. The plastic deformations on the high asperity peaks were taken into account by setting a ceiling on their contact pressures at the material hardness value. The simulations used real surface profiles which were digitized from unworn circumferentially ground steel surfaces. Each pair of these profiles was mathematically combined to form an equivalent rough profile pressing against an infinitely rigid flat and having the appropriately adjusted elastic modulus. A total of 28 different pairs of profiles were used in the simulations. Each contacting pair was subjected to 30 different load levels and the local contact pressures and deformations were calculated. The contact simulations yielded some important mathematical relationships between parameters, such as the real area of contact, average gap, and average asperity load through statistical curve fitting. Two analytical functions were generated to relate the average load to average gap and the real area of contact to load.     

Fifth International Summer School on Screw-Theory Based Methods in Robotics

正3-11 September,2014University of Bologna,Bologna,Italy www.summerscrews.org summerscrews2014.ing.unibo.it SUMMER 20SCREWS 14In 2014,our screw-theory school comes to the world's oldest university.In early September,Summer Screws'14 will gather six experts in the application of screw theory in robotics and up to 40 participants at the University of Bologna,Bologna,Italy.The school will teach attendees how to apply existing methods and empower them to develop new ones in their own research.The basic theoretical notions will be introduced in a rigorous manner,emphasizing examples,applications,and exercises.Scholarships are available.     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING AND VISUALISATION-A PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT PERSPECTIVE

Taking the actual project of teaching and researching process for example, the relationship between the industrial engineering and product development is discussed. And use the novel visualization technology to support the industrial engineering and product development. How to use the new computer modeling and simulating technologies to support the product development and industrial engineering, is introduced especially. The support includes both domestic products and industrial systems. The visualization and computer technologies take a very important role in some system or multi-direction modeling, those technologies mentioned above can help the industrial engineers study the effect of design on the whole life circle, including the producing steps. So the engineers can avoid making the wrong decision which may cause bad effects on the whole industrial engineering.     

电站锅炉模糊风险评价方法研究与应用

针对电站锅炉风险等级评价问题,将模糊综合评价技术应用到电站锅炉风险等级评价中。开展了电站锅炉失效影响因素及模糊评价因素的重要程度分析,建立了一套科学合理适于在线评价的电站锅炉风险评价体系,提出了模糊综合评价技术与改进的模糊层次分析法相结合的模糊风险评价方法,利用改进的模糊层次分析法计算了指标体系中各层指标权重。对某一台电站锅炉的实际运行工况影响子因素进行了模糊风险评价,采用模糊合成算子进行模糊综合运算得到电了站锅炉运行工况影响子因素的评价向量。研究结果表明:电站锅炉的运行工况影响子因素的风险评价等级为第6级,失效可能性等级为小,该电站锅炉运行工况良好。     

Short-Term Relay Quality Prediction Algorithm Based on Long and Short-Term Memory

The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar...