ETC系统信道传播损耗评估方法研究

无线信道传播效率是影响ETC系统性能的主要因素之一。考虑客车与轿车外形差异,定义了ETC系统信道传播损耗系数,提出一种基于两径模型的ETC系统信道传播损耗评估方法,便于评估ETC系统性能。评估方法预测及实测结果表明:ETC天线极化方式影响车载标签单元(OBU)接收功率,OBU距离地面高度越高,其接收功率越大;OBU识别范围小于10 m时,轿车引擎盖的电磁波反射引起垂直极化波衰减损耗突变,为保证OBU的成功识别,ETC天线距离地面高度应大于5.35 m。     

L波段矩形切角圆极化微带天线的设计

设计了一种工作在L波段（中心频率为1.6GHz）的圆极化微带天线,此天线在很宽的波束范围内实现了良好的圆极化特性（±60°角度范围内,圆极化轴比AR〈3dB）,天线采用传统的同轴线背馈的馈电方式,整体结构简单,制作成本低,并且实现了天线的低剖面性,具有广泛的应用价值。     

采用四臂螺旋结构的紧凑圆极化RFID读卡天线

提出了一种紧凑新型平面四臂螺旋天线,用于满足超高频(UHF)频段射频识别(RFID)阅读器小型圆极化的设计要求.天线由印制在FR4介质板的4个倒F阵元组成,通过对阵元的折叠及连续相位旋转法布阵,可以有效的减小天线的尺寸;采用改进的微带功分馈电网络及新的耦合匹配方法,提高了圆极化天线的轴比带宽和增益.天线尺寸为56 mm×56 mm×8 mm,在保持相当性能的同时,设计天线与相关参考文献设计天线相比,面积降低12.9％到86.1％.测试结果显示S11＜-10 dB覆盖870～950 MHz频段,仿真结果显示带内轴比＜2 dB,峰值增益为2.8 dB,波束宽度＞120°,交叉极化＜-15 dB.     

一种旋向与轴比均可重构极化微带天线的设计

提出了1种轴比与旋向均可重构的极化微带天线,可在同一副天线上实现圆极化和椭圆极化,且进行旋向切换.该天线采用Wilkinson功分器馈电,通过控制开关状态,天线馈电可实现正交双馈与带微扰单馈2种工作方式,分别产生圆极化与椭圆极化波,并对每一种极化波,可进行左、右旋向的切换.给出了天线的结构及参数,分析了主要参数对天线性...     

S型缝隙毫米波微带天线

提出了一种加载S型缝隙的方形切角毫米波微带天线。该天线的辐射贴片采用方形切角,在贴片中央进行非对称S型缝隙开槽,实现了双频点圆极化。在接地板上进行阶跃型缝隙开槽,改变了微带天线的辐射特性及阻抗特性。同时采用加载调谐支节的耦合馈电方式,实现了微带贴片天线频带的展宽。     

软件无线电罗盘

文中采用软件无线电和智能天线技术构建工作在中波和超短波波段的自动无线电罗盘。中波信号用固定环形天线和垂直天线接收，通过数据据解算获得方位信息。超短波信号用圆形天线阵接收，采用MUSIC算法检测方位信息。采用这种方案设计的罗盘硬件结构简单，具有通用性，而且定向速度和定向精度比一般的罗盘有显著提高。     

The telecomputing laboratory: a multipurpose laboratory

The authors' telecomputing laboratory is a multiuse state-of-the-art undergraduate teaching facility designed to be both flexible and powerful. The controlled workstation and computer communications facilities allow undergraduate students an opportunity to apply and integrate classroom knowledge in communications, signal processing, computer architecture and algorithm and software development via a set of practical experiments. Students are exposed to state-of-the-art computer communications systems, on which they can implement everything from modern digital communication and signal processing algorithms to parallel algorithms and real-time databases. State-of-the-art computer software provides the undergraduate students modern models of quality software, as well as the tools necessary to design and build sophisticated software/hardware systems. This laboratory significantly impacts many undergraduate students who will take positions with organizations in the telecommunications/computer industry, where the skills gained from laboratory experiences will be greatly valued     

加载极化扭转人工磁导体的双频圆极化天线

为减少多径损耗、抗极化失配,同时满足无线设备对多频段的需求,设计了一款加载极化扭转人工磁导体的双频圆极化 天线。 极化扭转人工磁导体采用双层结构增加了相位响应,使用矩形环延长电流路径,矩形环中加入圆角和截断的矩形贴片结 构引起表面阻抗不平衡性,实现了在 2. 45 GHz 和 5. 8 GHz 频段内高效的极化转换。 在双频单极子天线下方加载极化扭转人工 磁导体,利用 90°极化旋转效应实现了在低频段左旋圆极化和高频段右旋圆极化。 仿真和实验结果表明:设计天线的工作带宽 分别为 2. 2~ 2. 58 GHz 和 3. 5~ 6 GHz,3dB 轴比带宽分别为 2. 3~ 2. 56 GHz 和 5. 6~ 6. 2 GHz,峰值增益分别为 16. 8 和 7. 5 dBic。 实验结果证实了采用极化扭转人工磁导体可以降低双频圆极化天线的复杂度。     

基于网络模式的天线伺服直流电机状态监测系统

船载测控天线伺服电机是天线传动链的重要组成部分,伺服电机位于天线座内,而其控制系统一般安装在室内,控制系统远离测控天线,不便于实时监测伺服电机的运行状态。为了解决多部测控天线伺服电机运行状态的实时监测问题,研究了伺服电机的数据采集和故障诊断技术,从硬件设计、软件及数据库设计、提出了基于网络模式故障诊断3个方面设计了伺服电机状态监测系统。这样既可实时监测在传动链中在线电机运行状态,又可测量检测机下备份伺服电机的工作性能。实际应用表明该系统可系统能及时反应伺服电机的工作状态,并达到了远程测试与诊断的效果。     

P波段瞬态极化雷达射频系统研制及其性能测试

本文首先阐述了研制瞬态极化雷达的必要性,并介绍了瞬态极化雷达的探测原理。根据系统指标要求,论证和分析了系统的整体设计方案。通过理论研究和仿真分析,设计实现了低副瓣、高增益天线阵列。采用模块化设计的方案集成了完整的雷达电路系统,并对天线阵列和电路系统的性能进行了测试。结果表明,雷达射频系统性能达到或超过了设计指标要求,满足实验应用需求。     

宽带矢量网络测试的 TRM 校准方法不确定度分析

宽带网络测试是获取微波毫米波器件电学特性的重要手段,而 TRM 校准方法被广泛应用于宽带网络测试系统的校准 中。 为了有效地评估测试数据的准确性,需要对 TRM 校准与测试进行误差不确定度度分析。 对基于 8 项误差的在片测试的小 信号校准与误差修正原理进行了阐述,以此为基础推到了 TRM 校准方法的不确定度传播公式,能够有效地评估各项校准件的 非理想性对校准结果的影响。 通过采用参数已知的传输线作为非理想直通校准件进行验证实验。 实验结果表明,不确定度传 播公式能够准确地评估测试数据的误差,最大差值不超过 0. 02 dB。     

Short-term project on microwave passive planar circuits: aneducational approach

The paper presents a short-term project on microwave planar circuits proposed to undergraduate students at Universite Catholique de Louvain, Belgium, in the frame of a basic course on microwave engineering. It helps the students to familiarize with all circuit aspects at microwaves and millimeter waves: they design, analyze, realize, and measure a planar passive component operating in the frequency range 0-40 GHz. Their attention is especially focused on microwave concepts: modeling a transmission line behavior and its limitations, spurious effects at high frequencies (radiation, coupling, and reactive behavior from higher order modes), influence of etching, mechanical tolerances, and wide-band behavior. The educational relevance of the project results from the opportunity given to the students to obtain in a very short period of time an actual component by combining up-to-date theoretical models, modern etching facilities, and measurement equipment, like in industry. Such an opportunity is rather unique and of prime interest for their possible future career in the growing area of microwave and millimeter wave communications     

The design of linear and circular polarization for dual band microstrip slot antenna

This paper presents a lightweight antenna for wireless communication systems. The proposed antenna has been designed to be a dual‐band and dual‐polarized antenna by using a right‐angled slot structure fed a by microstrip line. The designed antenna is composed of three right‐angled slot radiators on the ground plane. The first two radiators are right‐angled slots of similar scale which are added to generate circular polarization at 4.95 GHz, while the last one has been designed for linear polarization at 2.45 GHz. Furthermore, in order to achieve dual‐band operation and dual polarization with good matching, a special arrangement is proposed. The results of simulation and measurements such as return loss, axial ratio, and radiation patterns are shown at the resonant frequencies of 2.45 and 4.95 GHz. Details of the experimental results are presented and discussed. In addition, the presented antenna can operate and cover the applications of a wireless local area network (WLAN IEEE 802.11 a/b/g/j/n). © 2014 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

Development of an undergraduate structured laboratory to supportclassical and new base technology experiments in communications

This paper describes an effective method of teaching a communications laboratory course that supports classical as well as new base technology experiments to undergraduate electrical engineering students. Primarily, experiments dealing with the design of the basic building blocks of analog and digital communications systems are targeted, which provides an opportunity for the student to become familiar with various signal processing techniques applied in modern communications systems, to learn how to operate the communication laboratory test equipment, and to obtain exposure to some hardware/software design and implementation of these subsystems. The second level of experimentation involves a small system in which discrete or integrated devices are used to build small systems. Level three involves experimentation with a complete communications system, such as a fiber optics communications system or a simulated satellite link. Four sample experiments are described in some detail     

Multiple-antenna communication systems: an emerging technology

A recent development in wireless communications is the application of multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems to radio communications via use of multiple antennas. In order to investigate the technologys potential, an experimental MIMO system containing two four-element antenna arrays (4x4) has been developed at the University of Alberta. The system is used to obtain MIMO channel measurements in a typical indoor office environment in the ISM band (902-928 MHz). Measurement campaigns have been performed using different antenna spacings and two different types of antenna: half-wavelength (lambda/2) centre-fed dipoles and dual-polarized patches. The measurements are used to calculate channel capacities for an indoor 4x4 MIMO system. The measurements confirm the high capacity potential of a MIMO channel, with ergodic capacity of approximately 21 bits per channel use available with either antenna type at a signal-to-noise ratio of 20 dB if the antenna element separation is lambda/2 or larger. An introduction to basic MIMO theory, a discussion of the University of Alberta wireless MIMO testbed, and observations regarding the measured indoor MIMO channel are presented in the paper.     

一种宽频带RFID阅读器天线的设计

UHF RFID标签在密集布放环境下,会由于标签天线间的互相影响,使工作频率发生偏移,造成系统漏读.因而本文设计了一款新型的圆极化阅读器天线,该天线工作在UHF频段,具有小型化、高增益、宽频带的特点.其中主辐射圆形贴片通过4个探针与微带匹配网络上下相连,匹配网络的引入提高了天线的圆极化轴比和工作带宽.仿真结果表明,该天线在UHF频段的阻抗带宽和3 dB轴比带宽分别为13％和5％,增益高达9.4 dBi.在空旷的环境下,对密集布放的多个RFID标签进行读取测试.实验表明,运用宽频带的RFID阅读器天线可以有效地提高标签的读取率.     

MIMO systems with antenna selection

Multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) wireless systems are those that have multiple antenna elements at both the transmitter and receiver. They were first investigated by computer simulations in the 1980s. Since that time, interest in MIMO systems has exploded. They are now being used for third-generation cellular systems (W-CDMA) and are discussed for future high-performance modes of the highly successful IEEE 802.11 standard for wireless local area networks. MIMO-related topics also occupy a considerable part of today's academic communications research. The multiple antennas in MIMO systems can be exploited in two different ways. One is the creation of a highly effective antenna diversity system; the other is the use of the multiple antennas for the transmission of several parallel data streams to increase the capacity of the system. This article presented an overview of MIMO systems with antenna selection. The transmitter, the receiver, or both use only the signals from a subset of the available antennas. This allows considerable reductions in the hardware expense.     

改进类单脉冲测角算法

快速动目标截获中角度截获是一个关键问题，类单脉冲方法是进行角度截获的一个简单而有效的方法。可是该方法用于角度测量时存在旁瓣干扰问题，对此，文中就旁瓣抑制问题讨论窗函数对角度测量的影响，对类单脉冲算法作改进，提出一种旁瓣抑制的软实现方法一设置回波录取门限，以提高测角精度。     

基于介质谐振器的轨道角动量天线设计

近年来,轨道角动量一直是无线通信领域的研究热点。本文将轨道角动量与毫米波技术相结合,提出了一种基于介质谐振器的轨道角动量天线。建立了该天线的等效模型,推导了其辐射场的理论表达,讨论了介质谐振器半径对涡旋波电磁波模态的影响,通过仿真结果表明,该天线在K_(a)波段有四个谐振点,能够分别产生模态l=1,2,3,4的涡旋电磁波。此外,该天线结构紧凑、成本低、增益良好,具有较高的天线效率,产生的各个模态的涡旋电磁波都具有良好的旋转性,能够获得较强的抗干扰能力,为轨道角动量在毫米波频段的应用提供了一定的现实意义。     

Recent trend of the partial discharge measurement technique using the UHF electromagnetic wave detection method

The ultra high frequency (UHF) electromagnetic wave detection method has been widely studied and used in partial discharge (PD) measurement and as a diagnostic technique for insulation performance in gas‐insulated switchgears (GIS) and transformers. The UHF method has advantages such as high sensitivity, wide detection range and reduced external disturbances. On the other hand, there are still some issues to be solved in the UHF methods, such as a clear understanding of the propagation characteristics of electromagnetic waves arising from the structure of the equipment, optimization of antenna design, calibration of charge, etc. This article deals with the present status and future trend of the technology of this promising UHF method of PD measurement, together with recent activities and results from our laboratory. Copyright © 2007 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.