用背角准弹散射研究近库仑势垒能区重离子核反应

利用背角准弹散射的方法开展了近库仑势垒(近垒)能区重离子核反应机制的研究。高精度测量了深垒下能区~(16)O+~(152,154)Sm、~(184)W、~(196)Pt和~(208)Pb等体系的背角准弹散射激发函数,用耦合道计算抽取了核势的表面弥散参数,结果表明考虑耦合道效应得到的表面弥散参数值正常。基于背角准弹散射势垒分布对核结构的敏感性,尝试用深垒下能区~(16)O+~(152)Sm、~(170)Er和~(174)Yb等体系的背角准弹散射来抽取形变靶核的十六极形变参数,所抽取值与已有结果趋势一致,说明了该方法的可行性。此外,研究了弱束缚核体系的破裂效应,其表现为背角准弹势垒分布较全熔合势垒分布向低能移动,所得结果进一步说明势垒分布同时含有核结构和核反应机制的信息。     

MUSTA:MUltilayer Silicon Telescope Array for Study of Elastic Scattering and Breakup Reaction of Weakly Bound Nuclei at Energy near Coulomb Barrier

正Nowadays the reaction mechanism study of weakly bound nuclei has been one of the frontier problems of nuclear physics.For weakly bound nucleus,the nuclear force and Coulomb force is so weak that in the process of interaction with target nucleus,weakly bound nucleus may break-     

Scattering of 14.1 MeV Neutrons by 6Li, 7Li, 9Be, 10B and 11B

Using a time-of-flight spectrometer, the differential cross sections were measured for the elastic and inelastic scattering of 14.1 MeV neutrons by ⁶Li, ⁷Li, ⁹Be, ¹⁰B and ¹¹B. In the case of elastic scattering by ⁷Li and ¹⁰B, correction was applied to subtract the contribution of inelastic scattering from the unresolved first excited state, after which, the elastic scattering data were compared with predictions based on the optical model. The potential parameters derived with a seven-parameter search yielded angular distributions agreeing with the present experimental data. The expressions for these parameters are presented as a function of mass number.

The experimental data on inelastic scattering were analyzed with the distorted wave Born approximation. The deformation parameters were estimated to be nearly equal to or larger than unity for these nuclei.     

Inelastic Scattering of 14MeV Neutrons by Heavy Nuclei

Energy spectra of neutrons scattered inelastically from natural samples of Ta, W, Au, Hg, TI, Pb and Bi have been studied at an incident energy of 14MeV, using time-of-flight technique. Angular distributions were also measured for Ta and Bi. The energy spectra from 2MeV to 4MeV were found to be qualitatively consistent with the prediction from statistical theory taking account of effects of nuclear pairing and shell structure. The Fermi gas level density parameter and the nuclear temperature were obtained by considering the contribution of the (n,2n) reaction. The variation of level density parameter plotted against mass number was found to agree with the trend predicted theoretically by Newton. Angular distributions proved to be symmetric about 90° and the spin cut-off parameter was estimated to be about 5.8 for Ta and 4.3 for Bi. Cross sections for the (n,n′2n) and (n,2n) reactions were obtained.     

用X光小角散射法研究氧化铁干凝胶结构

应用同步辐射X光小角散射法对采用溶胶 凝胶方法制备、并经过不同温度热处理的纳米氧化铁干凝胶的孔隙结构进行研究。从孔隙的大小分布、比表面和分形行为等三个方面进行分析。结果表明 :氧化铁干凝胶中的孔隙呈多分散性 ,平均孔径大小随热处理温度的升高而增大 ;体系具有质量分形特征 ,随热处理温度的升高 ,分形维数增大 ,所拥有的分形尺度范围变窄。     

利用12C+96Zr弹性散射角分布研究96Zr的中子皮

中子皮是原子核的关键物理参数之一,对非对称核物质状态方程有重要的约束作用。本工作主要利用¹²C+⁹⁶Zr弹性散射角分布研究⁹⁶Zr的中子皮,首先采用Woods-Saxon势,通过改变实部势参数得到与实验数据拟合最优的1组光学势参数,然后利用双折叠势模型（DFM）计算⁹⁶Zr在不同中子密度分布下与¹²C的相互作用势,通过比较两组相互作用势,找出与最佳光学势对应的⁹⁶Zr核的中子分布均方根半径,从而得到⁹⁶Zr的中子皮厚度为0.087 fm,此结果与其他研究结果在误差范围内符合很好。