BIM技术在变电站工程建设管理中的应用

对电网建设工程而言,变电站是未来能源互联智能电网发展的重要组成部分,同时在信息化时代背景下,对变电站工程建设的智能化、信息化及数字化的要求也在不断提高,因此在工程建设管理阶段引入先进技术十分必要。目前,随着建筑信息模型(Building Information Modeling,BIM)技术的广泛应用,将其应用于变电站工程建设管理中符合智能电网的发展要求,能够为工程的建设及发展提供技术保障。     

基于CAD软件的建筑模型构建方法

为了提高建筑施工质量,提出了基于计算机辅助设计（ComputerAidedDesign,CAD）软件的建筑模型构建方法。该方法利用CAD软件确定建筑模型的空间几何形态,结合建筑模型的简化算法,分析与处理建筑的CAD几何数据,并根据建筑空间结构的拓扑关系重构建筑模型,实现从CAD几何形态到建筑空间拓扑关系的建筑模型构建。试验结果表明,设计方法得到的对应节点,在X轴、Y轴、Z轴3个方向的坐标平均误差分别为0.082mm、0.160mm、0.216mm,证明了设计方法可高度还原实际的建筑结构,具有精准性。     

基于BIM模型的管网水力学计算软件设计

针对水系统管网设计中水力学平衡计算耗时长、计算量大等问题,结合建筑信息模型（Building Information Modeling,BIM）技术在工程设计领域的应用,开发了基于BIM模型的水力平衡计算软件。该软件具备管网自动解析、管路范围选取、交互式流向设置、迭代计算以及计算书导出等功能,能可视化展现计算过程和结果。设计的软件运行在Bentley平台OpenPlant Modeler CONNECT Edition软件上,可根据实际情况调整阻尼系数和流量等,实时获取调整后的计算结果以适应不同的工况,从而获得最高性价比的设计方案,提高了暖通工程师进行方案设计、变更、比选等工作的效率和准确度。实验表明,软件和计算方法在实际工程项目中的应用结果可靠,具有较高的实用价值。     

BIM技术在铁路配电所设计优化中的应用

为解决传统方法在铁路配电所敷设施工时完全依靠二维设计布线图纸,易发生扭绞、交叉以及浪费物料等问题,基于建筑信息模型(BIM,Building Information Modeling)技术对铁路配电所模块化建模、线缆敷设等进行优化.利用Microstation的二次开发技术,采用VBA实现模型的快速建模和智能组装.此外...     

基于层次包围盒的碰撞检测算法的存储优化

介绍了基于层次包围盒的碰撞检测算法的存储优化方法。该方法从存储空间的角度来改进基于AABB树的碰撞检测算法。根据AABB树的构造过程,减少内部节点的AABB包围盒的存储字节数;基于快速三角形相交测试算法,从叶节点结构里去掉包围盒信息,将叶节点从存储结构中删除。实验表明,利用AABB包围盒和叶节点的存储优化,既减少了算法的存储空间又加快了算法的执行时间。     

基于BIM的信息化管理在建筑工程中的应用

数字信息化是建筑行业提高效率的关键。建筑信息管理（BIM）是建筑、工程和施工行业的主要发展,它提供一种技术和流程,将传统的设计和施工实践带入数字时代。介绍BIM信息化技术在建筑工程中的可视性以及协调性等优势,指出建筑工程管理中信息化程度较低、数据传递方式滞后以及管理模式落后等问题,分析BIM的信息化管理中可视化、信息化以及安全管理等方面在建筑工程中的应用,提出一些建议有利于促进建筑工程项目信息管理水平的提升,也为基于BIM的信息化管理在建筑工程中的应用提供一些新思路。     

基于AABB树的碰撞检测算法的内存优化

介绍了从存储空间角度来改进基于AABB树的碰撞检测算法的方法.根据有关三角形间快速相交测试算法和三角形与包围盒间的快速相交测试算法,略过包围盒间的相交测试,从叶节点结构里去掉包围盒信息,将叶节点从存储结构中删除.对一棵含有N个节点的 AABB 树而言,可以节约一半节点的内存空间.实验表明,利用 AABB 树叶节点的内存优化,减少了算法所需的内存空间且加快了算法的执行时间.     

建筑电气设计中BIM技术的应用研究

电气设计是建筑工程中不可或缺的部分,发挥着至关重要的作用,是建筑工程功能的具体体现,科学合理地进行建筑电气设计非常重要.为了取得良好的效果,在进行建筑电气设计时要采取合理的技术,而BIM技术是较好的选择,能促使工作效率和质量的提高.因此,在实际的设计中设计人员应对BIM技术进行全方面的掌控,加强设计应用,从而确保建筑电...     

基于BIM技术的被动式建筑节能因子多目标优化研究

为了研究被动式建筑节能策略,在原有的BIM模型基础上生成建筑能耗模型,通过gbXML数据标准进行数据共享,在Grasshopper平台导入参数化建筑性能模拟模型,对目标建筑外表面进行太阳辐射分析,确定以西面遮阳板倾斜角和深度、南面和西面窗墙比、外墙保温板厚度为被动式节能技术变量指标.利用OpenStudio进行建筑能耗...     

基于Revit的支架族开发与应用

支架的安装是基于建筑物的空调、给排水、强弱电等系统,由于涉及系统多、各系统管线复杂、设计图纸信息不 充分,以及支架的安装对建筑物的主体结构依赖性强,后续安装时增加安装难度,浪费安装空间。利用BIM 技术进行有效综 合与深化设计,预先对机电系统进行模拟安装,解决施工难点,节约管线与支架材料,增加建筑净高,对综合管线进行碰撞检 测。实现可视化的协同设计变更,有利于各专业进一步的深化设计,简化施工程序,更有利于施工现场的管理与缩短工期,从 而节省成本。本文运用BIM 技术,对支架的安装,设计以及施工的综合优化,可视化模拟进行了说明。     

基于BIM管网漏水事故处理的本体建模与推理

建筑行业经历了由纸质的图纸到二维的CAD制图,再到以构件为基础的BIM建筑信息模型的变迁,信息化革新提高了建筑项目的效率和质量,并缩短了建筑施工周期。然而,当前建筑信息集成的方式主要基于BIM模型库和关系型数据库,无法实现柔性地基于用户需求的信息组织与传递,极大地增加了信息传递中的承载量,造成系统响应速度慢和效率低下。通过分析建筑工程信息集成与交互的现状,提出基于本体的建筑信息组织与交互模型,并建立建筑信息对本体的映射机制和推理方式。最后以建筑项目运维阶段的管网漏水为实例,分别使用CPN Tools和Jena工具建立本体构架和推理规则,实现漏水区段的定位、关联原因分析及解决方案确认。     

Merging BIM and GIS using ontologies application to urban facility management in ACTIVe3D

This article presents the research work done in order to reduce the gap of heterogeneity between Geographic Information System and Building Information Models. The goal is to extend a platform dedicated to facility management called ACTIVe3D. We want to enlarge its scope to take into account the management of urban elements contained in the building environment, as well as other buildings. The particularity of the platform is that data can be accessed either by a semantic view or through a 3D interface. The SIGA3D project describes a set of processes that aims, for all the stakeholders of urban projects, to manage pieces of information through all the lifecycle of construction projects. To solve the heterogeneity problem between BIM and GIS, we developed a semantic extension to the BIM called UIM (Urban Information Modeling). This extension defines spatial, temporal and multi-representation concepts to build an extensible ontology. The knowledge database can be populated with information coming from standards like IFC and CityGML. This information system has been adapted and implemented into the existing platform and is today fully operational and used by thousands of users.     

Automated BIM data validation integrating open-standard schema with visual programming language

A building design must comply with a wide spectrum of requirements stipulated by building codes, normative standards, owner’s specifications, industry’s guidelines, and project requirements. The current rule-based compliance checking practice is a costly bottleneck in a building project, and thus, there is a demand for a design evaluation process that incorporates automated checking capabilities to address the inefficiency and the error-prone nature of the current manual checking practice. The inherent complexity of building design rules and impracticability of existing automated checking approaches are two key challenges that must be addressed to enable practical compliance checking automation. This research study proposes a new modularized framework that integrates the emerging open standard, LegalRuleML, with a Visual Programming Language. The framework allows a standardized method of defining design rules in a machine-readable and executable format. The proposed approach encompasses the entire compliance checking process from the interpretation of natural language-based requirements to machine-readable rules, rule categorization, rule parameterization, and the execution of the rules on the ISO-standard building information model. This modularized BIM-based design validation framework is expected to help automatically and iteratively evaluate the level of quality and defects of information conveyed in a given building model as an essential part of the early design process.     

基于BIM的运维阶段设备构件预警管理系统研究

为保证建筑设备、构件在运维阶段的良好经营管理,基于建筑信息模型（BIM）,运用VB+SQL Server软件开发技术,构建了基于BIM的运维阶段建筑构件预警管理系统,实现了BIM模型中的构件、设备预警信息完整导入到预警管理系统中进行监控与管理。在系统中制作了待检设备构件库,实现将临检设备信息以邮件和短信的形式发送到运维管理人员邮箱、手机中。配置二维码信息库,在系统中直接将信息库中的文本信息生成二维码并统一管理,实现了文本信息和二维码信息的双重协同管理。     

Information Quality Assessment for Facility Management

Assessing the quality of building information models (BIMs) is an important yet challenging task within the construction industry as projects are increasingly being delivered with BIM. This is particularly essential for facility management (FM) users as downstream information consumers that depend on the quality of models developed in the previous project phases. The research presented in this paper addresses this challenge by introducing a framework for information quality assessment (IQA) of BIMs for FM uses. The IQA framework is the outcome of an extensive study of two large owner organizations involving numerous BIM projects. The framework is structured based on the essential FM subjects: assets, spaces, and systems, and the model characteristics: objects, attributes, relationships, and spatial information. The framework is then operationalized through the development and evaluation of information quality (IQ) tests using BIM model checking tools across three projects with different levels of detail and complexity. The proposed IQA framework and associated tests advance the state of knowledge about BIM quality in terms of methods to represent and evaluate conformance to owner requirements.     

基于BIM的建筑机器人自主路径规划及避障研究

针对建筑机器人进入施工位置全局路径规划最优且可实时避障的要求,提出了一种新型的导航地图建立方法,通过建筑物BIM（Building Information Modeling）模型建立导航地图,通过优化A*算法搜索点选取策略,以及删除了路径上的冗余转折点,缩短算法运行时间,且规划出的全局路径不会紧贴着建筑物墙壁,有效降低了机器人与墙体发生碰撞的可能性。结合动态窗口算法进行局部路径规划,在全局路径关键点之间使用动态窗口法,且加入了新的刹车判定条件,使得机器人的运动连续化。实验结果表明改进后的A*算法运行时间相较于原始算法减少50%以上,每去除一个冗余转折点路径长度减少0.4?m,路径与障碍物之间的距离比原始算法增加了2倍,结合了动态窗口法之后能够较好地避开障碍且输出的控制参数连续化。     

An Internet of Things-enabled BIM platform for modular integrated construction: A case study in Hong Kong

In recent years, Building Information Modelling (BIM) has been acting an important role in the delivery of Modular Integrated Construction (MiC) project. However, the full potential of BIM to MiC project cannot be realized without accurate information collection, timely information exchange, and automatic decision support throughout the project life cycle. In order to fulfil such requirements, this paper aims to develop an Internet of Things-enabled BIM platform (IBIMP) for the MiC project. A real-life project located in Hong Kong were deeply explored for developing the platform. The IBIMP consists of smart construction objects (SCOs) equipped with smart trinity tag (STT) and GPS sensor, smart gateway system, data source management service, location-based service, rule-based progress control service, as well as decision support services for prefabrication production, transportation, and on-site assembly processes. With the combination of advanced Internet of Things (IoT) technology and BIM technology, the barriers that hamper the possible functions of BIM can be overcame. By using application scenarios of a subsided sale flats MiC project in Hong Kong as examples, this study demonstrates how problems encountered by independent stakeholders such as inconvenient data collection, lack of automatic decision support, and incomplete information can be addressed by the IBIMP.     

基于BIM技术的建筑建模与成本控制

本论文根据潍坊市寒亭区农村住宅F9C住宅楼,建筑面积195.5 m2,使用面积169.7 m2,根据住宅图纸建立模型、通过建筑建模解决问题、运用BIM建模发现的问题。建立模型当中屋顶的绘制和玻璃斜板的绘制是难点,出于图纸设计和整体美观的考虑,改变部分墙体、楼板和玻璃斜板的坡度,使屋顶更加美观,优化了玻璃斜板的施工方法。由于BIM建模处于施工阶段的前一项工作,能够全面地体现整体建筑,做好数据信息和几何信息的控制,同时可以监控施工中工程信息的变化的同时更改信息实时记录,弥补了传统成本控制中事前控制和事中控制的缺失,不仅对图纸设计进行改良避免了施工过程的损失,还对工期和质量的控制保障有所提高。对于BIM这个新兴产品,在国内没有被广泛的接受,原因不单单包括大部分人对BIM的陌生和只有少数人拥有BIM技术,还包括计算机技术的提升和投资方不愿意对该业务资金的投入,BIM在国内发展缓慢。经过时间累计,BIM对工程成本控制的优点会被越来越多的人看到,也将会带动建筑业的发展。     

Signage visibility analysis and optimization system using BIM-enabled virtual reality (VR) environments

The proper placement of signage greatly influences pathfinding and information provision in public spaces. Clear visibility, easy comprehension, and efficient placement are all important for successful signage. We propose a signage visibility analysis and optimization system, utilizing an updated Building Information Model (BIM) and a game engine software application to simulate the movement of pedestrians. BIM can provide an up-to-date digital representation of a building and its assets, while computer simulation environments have the potential to simulate the movement of pedestrians. Combining these two technologies provides an opportunity to create a tool that analyzes the efficiency of installed signage and visualizes them in VR environments. The proposed tool contains algorithms, functions and predefined scenarios to calculate the coverage and the visibility of a building’s signage system. This system assists building managers to analyze (visually or by using statistics) the visibility of signboards, to assess their proper placement, and to optimize their placement. The applicability of the method has been validated in case studies performed in subway stations in Japan.