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分析了湘西猕猴桃籽的主要成分,同时采用水酶法提取猕猴桃籽油,并对猕猴桃籽油的特性进行了研究。结果表明:湘西猕猴桃籽粗脂肪含量32.19%,粗蛋白质含量16.06%;猕猴桃籽中氨基酸种类不全,缺少2种氨基酸,属于不完全蛋白质;鲜味谷氨酸(Glu)和天门冬氨酸(Asp)含量很高,分别为6.1 mg/g和3.5 mg/g,占氨基酸总量的25.98%,为猕猴桃籽增添了良好的风味;水酶法提取猕猴桃籽油总出油率为25.89%,萃取率达80.45%;猕猴桃籽油中亚麻酸含量高达60.59%,不饱和脂肪酸含量达89.92%,生育酚含量为812.41 mg/kg。 相似文献
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猕猴桃果粒果汁饮料生产工艺及其稳定性研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
以“米良一号”猕猴桃为原料,研究了猕猴桃果粒果汁饮料的生产工艺条件,并对猕猴桃果汁与果粒的配比、采用果葡糖浆和功能性甜味剂AK糖替代白砂糖、稳定剂的复配及其化胶工艺进行了探讨。结果表明:产品配方中,果汁含量占12%、果粒含量占8%、果葡糖浆和AK糖分别占总糖甜度的60%和40%,产品的风味和口感较好;采用0.08%的CMC-Na、0.10%的卡拉胶、0.06%的结冷胶构成的复合稳定剂,化胶浓度为1.0%,化胶温度控制85℃以下,放置时间30min内,可取得较理想的稳定效果。 相似文献
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采集不同产地和不同年份的盐肤木果籽,采用索氏抽提法提取盐肤木果籽油,对盐肤木果籽的主要组分和盐肤木果籽油的品质进行检测分析。结果表明:盐肤木果籽含粗脂肪9.41%~11.21%,粗蛋白质15.40%~19.38%,粗纤维31.50%~32.72%;盐肤木果籽油为暗黄色,酸值(KOH)5.4~7.3 mg/g,过氧化值0.9~1.2 mmol/kg;不同产地盐肤木果籽油的脂肪酸组成相差不大,主要脂肪酸为亚油酸(75.03%~75.37%)、油酸(12.58%~12.94%)、棕榈酸(7.93%~8.05%)、硬脂酸(2.05%~2.12%)、α-亚麻酸(1.24%~1.32%);盐肤木果籽油中维生素E含量1 007.3~1 062.0 mg/kg,甾醇含量0.30%~0.42%,磷脂含量0.807%~0.873%。盐肤木果籽油经过精炼可以作为一种营养丰富的优质食用油。 相似文献
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目的:分析不同的果实品种和发酵时间对猕猴桃发酵酒挥发性香气成分的影响。方法:采用顶空固相微萃取/气相色谱-质谱联用技术分析"金艳"、"红阳"和"米良一号"三种猕猴桃发酵酒在发酵过程中的挥发性香气成分。结果:三种猕猴桃酒的主要香气成分包括17种酯类、5种醇类和2种酸类物质,对24种香气成分进行主成分分析,提取出4个主成分。第一主成分包括绝大部分酯类物质,体现猕猴桃酒的花香和果香气息。红阳和米良一号的花香和果香形成于发酵12 d内,金艳的花香和果香形成于发酵5 d内,随后逐渐减弱;在整个发酵过程中金艳的酯类物质总含量高于红阳和米良一号。在第二主成分中主要组分苯乙醇赋予猕猴桃酒玫瑰花香,在整个发酵过程中米良一号的苯乙醇含量明显高于其他两种,具有更为突出的玫瑰花香;红阳、金艳和米良一号的苯乙醇含量分别在发酵5、19和12 d时达到最高。第三主成分反映的是异丁醇和异戊醇,前发酵结束时高级醇含量达到最高,后发酵阶段高级醇含量不断降低;米良一号和红阳的高级醇含量明显高于金艳。第四主成分中乙醇是主要贡献组分,其构成猕猴桃酒的酒香,三种猕猴桃酒在发酵5 d时乙醇含量达到较高水平,12 d时含量略有降低,19 d时含量回升至之前的水平。结论:猕猴桃酒的主体香气成分形成于前发酵阶段,各种挥发性香气成分的含量在后发酵阶段逐渐降低并趋于稳定。金艳猕猴桃酒的酯类物质含量明显高于其他两种,具有更明显的花香和果香,米良一号猕猴桃酒的苯乙醇含量明显高于其他两种,具有更为突出的玫瑰花香。 相似文献
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以湘西“米良1号”猕猴桃根为原料,采用超临界CO2萃取法,对其三萜类化合物的提取工艺进行优化。通过单因素试验探讨猕猴桃根生长期、粉碎粒度、萃取所用夹带剂种类及用量对三萜类化合物得率的影响,并通过正交试验研究猕猴桃根三萜类化合物的最佳萃取工艺条件。结果表明,采用生长期为3年的猕猴桃根为原料,控制粉碎粒度60目,按照1:3(g/mL)的用量加入70%乙醇溶液作为夹带剂,其三萜类化合物的最佳萃取条件为萃取温度40℃、萃取压力22MPa、萃取时间3h、CO2流速300kg/h,此条件下得率可达1.994%。 相似文献
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目的 研究氯吡脲[1-(2-chloropyridin-4-yl)-3-phenylurea, CPUU]的使用对6种猕猴桃营养品质和耐贮性的影响。方法 以“贵长”“碧玉”“翠玉”“红阳”“米良一号”和“金桃”6种猕猴桃为试材,使用5、10和20 mg/L3种不同质量浓度CPUU处理幼果期猕猴桃,测定果实品质和贮藏性能。结果 与对照组相比,采收时不同质量浓度CPUU猕猴桃大部分处理组的横纵径有所增加,其单果重、固酸比及可溶性糖显著增加(P<0.05),空心率和果形指数无显著差异;在不同质量浓度CPUU处理组条件下,“碧玉”“金桃”“贵长”“翠玉”和“红阳”猕猴桃的维生素C含量大部分能显著提高(P<0.05),“米良一号”维生素C含量无显著变化。常温货架期贮藏过程中CPUU处理组提高了果实的失重率、软化率、腐烂率以及缩短了果实的货架期。结论 CPUU提高了猕猴桃果实的营养品质,但不利于果实的贮藏。 相似文献
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选取贵州兴仁、福建浦城、云南师宗、老挝万象4个产地的薏米,对其基本营养组成、矿物元素、维生素、总多糖、总多酚、总黄酮含量进行测定。此外,分析比较不同产地薏米蒸煮后的吸水率、膨胀率、硬度和弹性,并对蒸煮后的薏米进行感官评价。结果表明,贵州兴仁薏米的蛋白质含量较高;云南师宗和老挝万象薏米油酸含量要显著高于其它产地薏米(p<0.05);云南师宗和老挝万象薏米维生素E的含量明显优于其它产地的薏米(p<0.05);贵州兴仁薏米总多糖含量显著高于其它产地薏米(p<0.05)。蒸煮后薏米的吸水率和膨胀率排序为:云南师宗薏米>福建浦城薏米>贵州兴仁薏米>老挝万象薏米;蒸煮后云南师宗和老挝万象薏米较硬,弹性较大;贵州兴仁薏米蒸煮后的感官评分要明显优于其它3个产地薏米。 相似文献
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Bioactive compounds and in vitro antioxidant activities of peel,flesh and seed powder of kiwi fruit 下载免费PDF全文
Hua Liu Tong Zhao Chenshuo Meng Zhande Liu Xuebo Liu 《International Journal of Food Science & Technology》2018,53(9):2239-2245
The aim of this work was to assess the bioactive compounds and antioxidant potential of powder obtained by the lyophilisation of the peel, flesh and seeds of kiwi fruit. Eight typical varieties of kiwi fruit in Shaanxi, China, were selected, and the pH value, content of Vc, total polyphenols, and flavonoids of different parts of the kiwi fruit were analysed. The content of phenols was determined by HPLC. The results revealed that phenolic compounds, such as protocatechuic acid, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, rutin, p‐hydroxybenzoic acid and quercetin, were rich in different parts of kiwi fruit and highest in the peel. The Vc content was highest in the flesh. The antioxidant activities show the same trend as the total polyphenol content. The kiwi fruit peel and seed can be used to reduce agro‐industrial waste and are promising ingredients for use in the enrichment of products providing dietary fibre, bioactive compounds and antioxidant action. 相似文献
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BERRY SEEDS: A SOURCE OF SPECIALTY OILS WITH HIGH CONTENT OF BIOACTIVES AND NUTRITIONAL VALUE 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
V. VAN HOED N. DE CLERCQ C. ECHIM M. ANDJELKOVIC E. LEBER K. DEWETTINCK R. VERHÉ 《Journal of Food Lipids》2009,16(1):33-49
Selected berry seed oils from blackberry, blueberry, cranberry, strawberry, red raspberry and kiwi were characterized for their quality and nutritional characteristics. These oils are by-products of berry juice production that have only recently gained commercial interest. Free fatty acid content was below 1.6% for all examined oil samples. Peroxide value ranged between 0.6 and 44 mg O2 /kg oil for blackberry and kiwi seed oils, respectively, and p -anisidine value varied from 6 in cranberry to 23 in strawberry. Linolenic acid content ranged from 17.53% in blackberry seed oil to 57.60% in kiwi seed oil. The oxidative stability of all oils was rather low (0.17 h for kiwi to 8.4 h for blackberry at 97.8C). Phytosterol contents ranged between 403 and 692 mg/100 g for blackberry and cranberry, respectively. The content of tocols (tocopherol + tocotrienol) varied from 34.4 for kiwi to 2,133 mg/kg for red raspberry seed oils.
A waste stream of fruit processing is used to extract the oil from berry seeds. Such oils are particularly rich in essential fatty acids (with a favorable low n-6/n-3 ratio) and antioxidants. They are incorporated in cosmetic preparations such as hand and body creams, and shampoos. Their composition is also interesting from a nutritional point of view. As the commercial interest is growing, chemical studies are necessary to elucidate the composition, activity and stability of different berry seed oils. 相似文献
PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS
A waste stream of fruit processing is used to extract the oil from berry seeds. Such oils are particularly rich in essential fatty acids (with a favorable low n-6/n-3 ratio) and antioxidants. They are incorporated in cosmetic preparations such as hand and body creams, and shampoos. Their composition is also interesting from a nutritional point of view. As the commercial interest is growing, chemical studies are necessary to elucidate the composition, activity and stability of different berry seed oils. 相似文献
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猕猴桃籽油不同提取方法的比较研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
研究了机械压榨法、溶剂浸出法和超临界CO2萃取法等提取方法对猕猴桃籽油提取率、脂肪酸组成和理化特性的影响。结果表明:猕猴桃籽含29.20%的脂肪,机械压榨法、溶剂浸提法和超临界CO2萃取法3种方法对猕猴桃籽油的提取率分别为20.0%、26.9%和28.3%。三种方法所得猕猴桃籽油的理化常数和脂肪酸组成基本相似,但机械压榨法所得猕猴桃籽油的酸值明显偏高,油脂品质低于其它两种方法提取的猕猴桃籽油;超临界CO2萃取法更适合于提取猕猴桃籽油。 相似文献
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对重庆四个区县的不同猕猴桃品种进行营养成分检测并比较分析,结果表明:不同区县不同猕猴桃品种中的营养成分含量水平存在差别。其中,万盛区红心猕猴桃和万州区红心猕猴桃中总糖含量相对较高,在10g/100g以上;万盛区黄心猕猴桃和江津区绿心猕猴桃中总酸含量相对较高,在8g/100g以上;万盛区红心猕猴桃、万盛区黄心猕猴桃和巫溪县红心猕猴桃中维生素C含量相对较高,在55mg/100g以上;万盛区红心猕猴桃、江津区黄心猕猴桃和巫溪县红心猕猴桃中维生素E含量相对较高,在2.8mg/100g以上;江津区黄心猕猴桃和江津区绿心猕猴桃中钾、钙含量相对较高,分别在98mg/100g、27mg/100g以上;万盛区红心猕猴桃、江津区绿心猕猴桃和巫溪县红心猕猴桃中总黄酮含量相对较高,在0.11mg/g以上。 相似文献
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Alain R. Atangana Erik van der Vlis Damase P. Khasa Dennis van Houten Jean Beaulieu Harrie Hendrickx 《Food chemistry》2011
We determined whether Allanblackia floribunda, a forest tree species that is valued for the fat extracted from its seeds, could be genetically improved for fruit/seed production by sampling 17–40 fruits from each of 70 trees that were distributed among four sites in wild stands. Fat was extracted from the seeds, and stearic and oleic acid content of the fat was estimated. Highly significant (P < 0.0001) between- and within-tree variation characterised fruits and seed characters. Between-site phenotypic variation was not significant. Stearic and oleic acid percentages in seed fat ranged from 44.16% to 66.12%, and from 24.95% to 48.42% per tree sample, respectively. Moderate repeatabilities were identified in fruit characters and mean seed mass. Moderate positive relationships were found between stearic and oleic acid percentages. Seed fat profiles were not found to vary with other fruit characters. Twenty “plus trees” were selected for breeding. 相似文献
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‘金艳’猕猴桃果实生长动态规律和贮藏性能 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
以‘金艳’猕猴桃果实为材料,通过持续测量田间果实的尺寸,检测田间生长和采后贮藏过程中的果实的品质,研究果实的生长动态规律和贮藏性能。结果表明:‘金艳’猕猴桃果实在谢花后7~175 d的发育过程中,果实尺寸(纵、横径)、单果质量和干物质含量都呈逐渐上升趋势;可溶性固形物含量前期增长缓慢,且波动较大,但在140~175 d期间,迅速上升;果肉颜色h0值在整个果实生长过程中逐渐下降。‘金艳’猕猴桃谢花后175 d左右进入采收期,当可溶性固形物含量在7.5%~8.0%范围时,适宜采收。‘金艳’猕猴桃耐贮性好,在0~1℃,相对湿度90%~95%的冷藏条件下,贮藏150 d,硬度下降到10.01 N/cm2。干旱会降低‘金艳’猕猴桃果实的单果质量和干物质含量,影响果实产量和品质。 相似文献