Technological significance of internal dumping in open pit coal mining in the Kemerovo Region

The article reports research findings in the area of open pit coal mining and substantiates alternative technologies based on new technological and organizational principles of open pit mining. Using the method of geometrical analysis of an open pit mine field and technological design of mining systems, stage-wise mining technologies have been developed for the case when mining front advance is changed. Such technologies ensure the improvement of a wide range of technical-and-economical and ecological performance of an open pit mine. The main flow charts of the mining sequences are interconnected with natural-technological groups of deposits, that influence cross-wise configuration of an open pit (ultimate contour) and structural characteristics (parameters) of working areas and generate geometrical type of an open pit field.     

金正泰露天煤矿内排土场边坡稳定性研究

利用刚体极限平衡分析法(毕肖普法和剩余推力法)结合工坡稳定性分析软件以分析金正泰露天煤矿内排土场边坡稳定性,揭示其潜在滑坡机理,为该矿排土场稳定性研究提供了依据,也为其他矿排土场稳定性分析及研究提供参考。     

Stripping with direct dumping in Kuzbass open pit mines: The current state and prospects

The analytical results are given for application of stripping with direct dumping in open pit mines in Kuzbass. It is emphasized that this most productive and the least power-consuming technology loses its weight in the overall content of overburden stripping. The authors propose a method to determine rational boundaries for application area of stripping with direct dumping using slice re-excavation coefficient. The scope of the discussion comprises potential trends of the technology and use of draglines towards enhancement of open pit mining efficiency.     

露天矿高边坡钻孔采矿法的参数研究

以义马矿业集团(义煤)北露天矿为例，建立螺旋钻机开采钻场有限元模型，对不同钻孔间距和垂向隔层厚度进行数值模拟计算，研究了钻孔周边煤柱随钻孔间距和垂向隔层厚度变化的位移场和应力场分布，揭示了边坡的变形形态特征和变形机理，表明钻孔间煤柱宽度和隔层厚度对边坡稳定性起关键作用，从而导出露天矿到界边坡稳定的极限条件下，采用螺旋钻机技术回收露天矿最终境界边坡煤柱的最优开采方案。     

Remote monitoring systems for high-voltage substations and mining machines at open pit coal mines

The article presents the remote monitoring systems for operation of high-voltage substations and shovels, designed at the Karaganda State Technical University and introduced at Shubarkol-Komir open pit coal mine. The systems measure power consumption parameters and controls power consumers and electrical protection. The high-voltage substation monitoring systems transmit data via rf modem, the shovel operation monitoring systems use GPRS modems to transmit data via Internet to a central operator office. In the course of trial operation of the remote monitoring systems, it was succeeded to save power owing to elimination of idle operation of heavy-duty mining machines; moreover, the scope of the continuous control covered power consumption and electric protection at substations and on shovels.     

Substantiation of low-capacity equipment sets for open pit coal mining,considering land use efficiency

Under discussion is the equipment for open pit mining of scarce coal reserves. Methods of overburden dumping are systematized. A new dumping method is offered; it allows reducing land withdrawal by means of utilizing adjacent open pit. The author presents relations for area of internal dumping, considering coefficient of dumping in the adjacent open pit and the volume of the adjacent open pit. The feasibility of overburden placement in mined-out pits is analyzed.     

北衙露天转地下开采隔离矿柱的稳定性分析

露采边坡和隔离矿柱稳定性分析是露天转地下矿山经常面临的问题,对于金属矿山地下开采安全生产极其重要。根据北衙金矿矿段隔离矿柱的厚度以及边坡工程地质条件,采用有限差分法数值软件对露采转地下的隔离矿柱进行了不同厚度的模拟计算。结果表明,露采边坡在地下开采期间隔离矿柱设为50m较为可靠,边坡基本处于稳定状态,为该矿体安全高效回采提供了理论依据和技术指导。     

Efficiency of cyclical-and-continuous method in open pit mining

The article reviews in brief application of cyclical-and-continuous method in the conveyor-andtruck haulage in open pit mines. Consumption of materials and power is evaluated as a function of mined rock haulage volumes and depth of crush-and-reload station position in an open pit mine. The change in capital and operational cost to transport ore and hard overburden is studied at varied distances from a crushand- reload station in open pit to a surface receiving station. Efficiency of the conveyor-and-truck haulage using cyclical-and-continuous method is evaluated. In terms of deep and large mineral deposits, the authors substantiate positions for crush-and-reload stations in large open pit mines.     

露天煤矿中间搭桥适用条件与关键参数的确定

为能科学地确定中间搭桥的适用条件和计算参数,建立了各台阶的内排运距计算模型;提出适合中间搭桥的露天矿在工作线长度、煤层赋存条件以及工艺系统方面须具备的基本条件;以搭桥内排运费不大于双环内排运费建立了优化不等式,得出中间搭桥的合理服务高度;按照道路设计规范计算中间搭桥的单向车道数,从而确定中间搭桥的合理宽度。以安家岭露天煤矿为例,得出：该矿的开采条件完全适合应用中间搭桥,其合理的服务水平为高出桥面45 m,单向行驶时桥面合理宽度为14.7 m,双向行驶时桥面合理宽度为25.1 m。     

倾斜煤层窄长形露天矿横采内排分期境界优化

为了使采用横采内排开采程序的倾斜煤层窄长形露天矿开采境界最优化,依据露天开采原理,提出一种分时期优化境界的方法。该方法依据剥离物流向流量的变化,将其矿山工程划分为3个时期,即:全部外排期、部分内排期、全部内排期;通过构建各时期剥、采、排工程位置模型,分析了开采过程中不同时期剥离物流向流量的变化对经济合理剥采比的影响,揭示了经济合理剥采比与内排工作线推进度的关系,构建了各煤、岩层边帮厚度拟合函数,阐释了采用循环判断方式确定剖面最优边帮位置的方法,给出了分期境界优化的原则、适用条件及优化模型。将此方法运用于神新能源黑山露天煤矿,结果表明:经济合理剥采比由8.06 m~3/t逐期增加至10.54 m~3/t,较原设计境界经济可采储量增加44.95 Mt,服务年限增加4.26 a,实现了露天开采经济效益最大化。     

Nature-oriented open coal mining technologies using mined-out space in an open pit. Part I: Analysis of the current mineral mining methods

An analysis is performed into the currently applied coal mining methods using mined-out space in an open pit, with describing their basic advantages and disadvantages. The urgency of further development and wider application of the gritwise-and-capwise methods that involve differently directed advance of a mining front and mined-out space utilized to the limit for overburden storage is pointed out. __________ Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 6, pp. 111–118, November–December, 2006.     

露天矿分期开采联合运输的转载(上)

在总结国内外联合运输方式中转载经验的基础上，阐述了转载方式的分类、转载位置、转载能力，并提出了一些新的理论计算方法和公式     

准东露天煤矿土壤重金属的污染及空间分布特征分析

本文选择准东露天煤矿为研究区,对煤矿周围111个点进行了土壤样品的采集以及室内试验分析,采用了多元统计分析方法、地累积指数法、潜在生态风险指数法及GIS插值方法分别对Zn、Cu、Cr、Hg、As和Pb六种重金属元素在土壤中的含量,污染状况和空间分布特征进行了统计与插值分析。结果表明:土壤中重金属含量高低顺序为CrZnAsCuPbHg,从重金属含量平均值来看Cr、As和Hg含量分别超过了新疆背景值的1.3倍、13.0倍和3.1倍,国家二级标准值的1.0倍、4.0倍和3.0倍。土壤中Hg的变异系数较大,煤炭开采活动对Hg的影响比较明显。从相关性来看0.01水平上Zn和Cu,Cr和Pb呈线性正相关,相关系数为0.65、0.36,Zn和Cu被认为来自于土壤母质,Cr和Pb被认为主要来自于人为因子,Hg也是主要来自人为因子,As是来自于自然因子和人为因子。污染指数评价结果表明土壤Hg和As含量分别为重度和中度污染,而Zn、Cu、Cr、Pb含量比较低。生态风险评价结果表明了Cr、Zn、As、Cu和Pb处于低风险,Hg处于极重的生态风险。从重金属含量的空间分布情况来看煤田、工业区、生活区及周围地区、卡拉麦里山的南部和靠近沙漠地带土壤重金属含量比较高。     

Theoretical basis for calculation of pontoons used in open pit mines

The author studies buoyancy of pontoons used in open pit coal mines based on the fundamental principles of the ship theory and finds safe height of pontoon upperworks. The derived formulas for metacentric heights are used in the analysis of pontoon stability.     

计算机辅助设计在先锋露天煤矿采剥工程计划中的实现

传统的采剥工程计划编制方法在优化开采技术方案实现最佳的经济效益方面,工作量大、效率低,与现场动态变化且快速进展的采矿过程不相适应。本文建立的三维可视化地质模型可直接处理AutoCAD图形数据,构建地表模型,符合现场的工作过程,便于从业人员接受和掌握。     

相邻露天煤矿边帮煤开采内排留沟高度优化

为了提高相邻露天煤矿边帮煤开采经济效益,以相邻露天煤矿间边帮形态及压覆边帮煤特点为基础,推导出边帮煤开采剥采比与边帮煤开采宽度的分段函数表达式,确定了边帮煤开采剥采比呈先线性降低、再缓慢降低后增大、后急剧增大3个阶段.综合考虑边帮煤开采对相邻露天煤矿间的影响,以剥离费用、采煤成本、两矿运距增加费用、边帮煤销售收入、留沟...     

Nature-oriented open coal mining technologies using mined-out space in an open-pit. Part II: A method for selecting rational sequence of mining flat dipping stratified deposits

A method is proposed for selecting a rational mining sequence with internal dumping for flat stratified deposits, using new principles of the open-pit process-space formation and development. The main criteria for substantiating the mining sequence are geometrical form and development direction of the open-pit space, structure of the working wall and transportation network, internal dumping capacities and mining earthworks volumes. __________ Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 1, pp. 64–74, January–February, 2007.     

Whittle在露天矿开采境界优化中的应用

介绍Whittle软件的优化原理及操作流程,并结合某矿山具体情况,通过SURPAC软件创建了矿床地质块体模型,将基础参数赋值后的块体模型导入Whittle软件,利用Whittle所具有的批量境界快速生成、开采方案的快速排产规划及经济效益核算等工具进行不同开采境界方案下的经济效益综合对比,最终实现了矿山开采境界的动态优化。实践表明,基于Whittle软件的境界优化方法具有高效、快捷的优点,减少了矿山境界优化工作量,为露天矿山开采境界的高效优化提供了便捷的方法。