Breath Figure法制备漆酚铁聚合物微米图案的研究

以漆酚铁聚合物(UFP)为基材,采用BreathFigure法制备UFP多孔膜和UFP微球。用扫描电镜观察其形貌,并研究(1)静态和动态的高湿环境下,浓度对UFP多孔膜形貌的影响;(2)聚合物浓度和温度等对UFP微球形貌的影响。结果表明,当环境湿度为85%、潮湿气体流速为400mL/min、聚合物浓度为50.0mg/mL,多孔膜的孔呈圆形且分布均匀。当UFP/二氯甲烷浓度为50.0mg/mL、气氛为甲醇及进样量为10.0μL时,所得的微球的形貌较好。在实验范围内,UFP溶液浓度越大,所制得的UFP多孔膜和微球的形貌越规整。     

直接研磨法制备漆酚铅聚合物及其自组装

以直接研磨法制备漆酚铅聚合物(ULP),采用UV、FT-IR EDS及TG等手段对其进行表征,同时以Breath Figures法制备ULP多孔膜和微球。实验结果表明:采用直接研磨法可成功制备ULP,ULP具有良好的耐热性。以Breath Figures法可制备形貌规整,尺寸较为均匀的ULP多孔膜和微球。     

紫外光固化漆酚镧聚合物(PULa)的性能与表征

由漆酚和氯化镧的酒精溶液,采用紫外光固化制备漆酚镧聚合物(PULa),用紫外可见光谱,红外光谱,热重分析等手段进行结构表征和性能测试。结果表明:紫外光固化得到的漆酚镧聚合物(PULa)膜具有良好的柔韧性能、抗冲击性、热稳定性能和抗溶剂性能。     

超疏水高亲油多孔聚砜的合成及应用研究

通过乳液溶剂蒸发法制备了一种超疏水高亲油多孔聚砜材料。利用SEM和FT-IR对其形貌和组成进行了分析,探讨了油相表面活性剂和反应温度对其形貌的影响。结果表明:在35℃时,选择油酸作为表面活性剂得到蜂窝状的空心聚合物,吸油量为21.3g/g。这种多孔聚合物可应用于含有机污染物的工业废水清除方面。     

漆酚-铁化合物对有机硅聚合物性能的影响

研究了由漆酚与Fe3 反应生成漆酚铁化合物 (UFe) ,再与有机硅聚合物(SP)反应制备漆酚铁改性有机硅聚合物 (UFeSP)及其漆膜的光泽、附着力、硬度、柔韧性等性能 ,并研究了它受到紫外线照射后其光泽的变化 ,当摩尔比 (U /FeCl3 )为 8∶1 ,固份质量分数 (UFe/SP)为 2 4 %时 ,所制得的漆酚铁改性有机硅聚合物的物理性能和抗紫外线性能均较好 ,制得了抗紫外线的漆酚铁改性有机硅聚合物。     

聚漆酚/无机物杂化材料的研究 I.聚漆酚-SnO_2杂化材料的合成与特性

先由漆酚和四氯化锡合成非螯合型漆酚锡聚合物 ,然后采用水解法由该聚合物与NaOH水溶液制得聚合漆酚 -SnO2 杂化材料。SEM显示SnO2 以针状晶体分散在聚合漆酚基体中 ,杂化膜具有半导性和优良的热稳定性     

聚漆酚/无机物杂化材料的研究 Ⅰ.聚漆酚-SnO_2杂化材料的合成与特性

先由漆酚和四氯化锡合成非螯合型漆酚锡聚合物 ,然后采用水解法由该聚合物与NaOH水溶液制得聚合漆酚 -SnO2 杂化材料。SEM显示SnO2 以针状晶体分散在聚合漆酚基体中。杂化膜具有半导性和优良的热稳定性。     

含钆漆酚基聚合物的合成及表征

由漆酚和漆酚苯胺醛缩聚物分别与三氯化钆反应合成含钆漆酚基聚合物〔漆酚钆聚合物 (PUG)和漆酚苯胺钆聚合物 (PUAG)〕。用IR、XPS、DMTA和DSC -TG对产物进行表征。结果表明 ,与Gd(Ⅲ )发生配位反应的是漆酚基聚合物中酚羟基氧原子 ;漆酚基聚合物与Gd(Ⅲ )反应后 ,其侧链进一步交联聚合形成具有较高模量和良好热稳定性的含钆漆酚基聚合物 ,PUAG的耐热性比PUG的好。     

聚漆酚／无机物杂化材料的研究—Ⅰ．聚漆酚—SnO2杂化材料的合成与特性

先由漆酚和四氯化锡合成非螯合型漆酚锡聚合物,然后采用水解法由该聚合物与NaOH水溶液制得聚合漆酚－SnO2杂化材料。SEMF显示SnO2以针状晶体分散在聚合漆酚基体中,杂化膜具有半导性和优良的热稳定性。     

聚己内酯/α-磷酸锆纳米复合多孔膜的制备及降解行为研究

利用3-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷(APTES)对α-磷酸锆(α-Zr P)进行有机插层改性得到有机改性磷酸锆(OZr P),通过溶液共混法和热致相分离法(TIPS)制备了一种聚己内酯(PCL)/OZr P纳米复合多孔膜。通过X射线衍射仪(XRD)和傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FTIR)分别研究了α-Zr P改性前后的物理结构、化学变化以及改性机理。通过扫描电镜(SEM)观察纳米复合多孔膜及其不同降解时间后的表面形貌,发现膜表面形成了尺寸均匀的纳米孔洞,孔径约为200~400 nm。采用质量亏损法来表征膜材料的降解,考察PCL、PCL/OZr P纳米复合多孔膜在相同降解环境下的降解速率。结果表明:PCL及PCL/OZr P纳米复合多孔膜在碱性溶液中降解性能最佳,降解60天其质量损失率可达100%。     

Effects of Microstructural Functional Layers on Flat‐Tubular Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

The functional layer of a flat‐tubular solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) is examined using a three‐dimensional microscale electrode model. SOFC electrodes essentially include two types of layers: a structural layer and a functional layer. The structural layers, which are the anode support layer and the cathode current collector layer, are composed of large particles with a high porosity that facilitates gas diffusion. The functional layers consist of small particles with a low porosity that increases the triple phase boundary (TPB) reaction area and reduces the activation overpotential. In the model, the particle diameter and functional layer thickness are adjusted and analyzed. The effects of the two parameters on the performance of the functional layer are monitored in the contexts of several multilateral approaches. Most reactions occurred near the electrode–electrolyte interface; however, an electrode design that included additional TPB areas improved the electrode performance. The role of the functional layer in a flat‐tubular SOFC is examined as a function of the functional layer particle size and thickness. The performance of a cell could be enhanced by preparing a functional layer using particles of optimal size and thickness, and by operating the device under conditions optimized for these parameters.     

安全仪表系统的功能安全国内外发展综述

从功能安全标准、理论研究、评估和认证及功能安全产品四个方面对安全仪表系统的功能安全的国内外发展现状进行论述。国外工业发达国家已经广泛采用了功能安全标准,并深入开展功能安全理论研究、功能安全评估和认证以及研发功能安全产品,而我国刚刚引入功能安全标准,初步开展了功能安全理论研究,目前尚无功能安全评估和认证机构及功能安全产品,事故发生概率的确定和安全仪表系统性能评估方法需要进一步研究。     

Peroxide‐controlled degradation of polypropylene using a tetra‐functional initiator

The purpose of this work is to evaluate a new tetra‐functional peroxide initiator and offer comparisons with a di‐functional peroxide commonly used in the production of controlled‐rheology polypropylene (CRPP) resins. CRPP resins have been produced by reactive processing in a batch mixer by using various equivalent amounts of a tetra‐functional and a conventional di‐functional peroxide at two different temperatures. At a lower processing temperature (200°C), the chain length of CRPP decreases with increasing initiator concentration of the di‐functional initiator, while in the case of tetra‐functional initiator system, the change of chain length is larger than that in the di‐functional initiator system. At a higher temperature (230°C), the observation is reversed. The molecular weight reduction increases with initiator concentration level for the tetra‐functional initiator, while the di‐functional initiator causes larger reduction in the molecular weight without any obvious relation to the initiator concentration level. Rheological measurements show results consistent with those from gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The observations are explained based on the competition between chain scission and chain extension caused by the single and multiple radicals generated from the initiators. No evidence of architectural change in the CRPP molecules such as branching and crosslinking has been observed in both GPC and rheological measurements. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2009. © 2009 Society of Plastics Engineers     

木质素基功能材料的制备与应用研究进展

木质素是植物中含量第二大的天然有机高分子聚合物,以来源于制浆造纸和生物质炼制中的工业木质素为原料,制备具有特殊功能的高附加值材料,对木质素进行资源化高效利用、解决化石资源日趋紧缺及环境污染等问题具有重要意义。近年来,研究人员利用各种技术制备了许多种类的木质素基功能材料,如载药微胶囊、防紫外剂、抗老化剂、光催化剂载体、炭电极材料等。本文介绍了木质素基功能材料的国内外最新研究进展,总结了木质素基功能材料的不同制备工艺和应用领域,评述了木质素微观结构及制备工艺对材料结构特性和应用性能的影响。指出木质素基功能材料的研究是涉及多个学科交叉的前沿课题,但如何高效制备结构规整可控且性能优异的木质素基功能材料仍然是一个具有挑战性的课题。今后的研究应加强对木质素微观结构及其调控机理的研究,以便可以更好地利用其自身的三维网状结构和大量芳香结构等特性制备基于木质素特性的功能材料。     

功能材料综述

概述了功能材料的基本性能和用途，从功能金属材料、功能无机非金属材料、功能高分子材料、功能晶体材料、功能复合材料、具有特殊结构的功能材料(非晶态合金-金属玻璃、纳米结构材料、贮氢材料、薄膜功能材料、形状记忆材料、智能材料与结构、减震材料、生物医学材料)等方面进行了分类和描述。功能材料种类繁多，用途广泛，在工农业生产和科学技术等领域起着非常重要的作用。     

离子印迹聚合物功能单体的研究进展

阐述了不饱和羧酸类（甲基丙烯酸、丙烯酸和乙烯基苯甲酸）、芳香杂环类（吡啶类、咪唑类和喹啉类）、水杨醛类希夫碱以及Salen配体等功能单体的性能、优点、用途等方面的研究进展,以及基于上述单体制备的离子印迹聚合物吸附特性和应用性能等,展望了离子印迹聚合物功能单体未来的发展方向：一是功能单体种类需要进一步丰富;二是其所具有的性能和功能等还有待于完善。其中,季铵盐化5-氯甲基水杨醛类希夫碱功能单体具有强亲水性能和多官能团特性,对其进行性能研究将会是探索此类功能单体在应用方面的热点内容之一。     

Functional data analysis in longitudinal settings using smoothing splines

Data in many experiments arise as curves and therefore it is natural to use a curve as a basic unit in the analysis, which is termed functional data analysis (FDA). In longitudinal studies, recent developments in FDA have extended classical linear models and linear mixed effects models to functional linear models (also termed varying-coefficient models) and functional mixed effects models. In this paper we focus our review on the functional mixed effects models using smoothing splines, because functional linear models are special cases of this more general framework. Due to the connection between smoothing splines and linear mixed effects models, functional mixed effects models can be fitted using existing software such as SAS Proc Mixed. A case study is presented as an illustration.     

A facile synthesis of hydro- and vinyl-functionalized di- and tetrasiloxanes and polyaddition via hydrosilylation

Summary Hydro- and vinyl-bifunctionalized di- or tetrasiloxane were synthesized by degradative cleavage of functional cyclic siloxanes with methyllithium followed by quenching with a functional chlorosilane, or by ring-opening of hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane (D₃) by functional alkyllithium followed by quenching with a functional chlorosilane. These bifunctionalized siloxanes were used as monomers in polyaddition with transition metal catalysts.     

Adhesion and corrosion resistance properties of coatings obtained from modified low-molecular-weight polystyrenes

In this study, as a continuation of our previous studies, chemical modification of low-molecular-weight polystyrenes (PSs) was carried out with various functional group modifiers: epichlorohydrin (ECH), maleic anhydride (MA) and acetic anhydride (AA), in a single stage using a cationic catalyst. It was determined that the amounts of the functional groups bound to the structure of the polymer depended on the molecular weight of the polymer used, and more functional groups were bound to the lower-molecular-weight PSs. It was found that the coating properties (adhesion properties and resistance to aggressive conditions) of the functional group containing PS to the metal surface depended on the structure and the amount of the functional groups bound to the aromatic ring of the polymer. In addition, it was observed that the PS modified with MA and ECH having carboxyl- and epoxy-groups in their aromatic rings had higher adhesion, as well as higher corrosion resistance properties. Various functional groups bound to the aromatic ring of the polystyrene and their amounts were determined by spectral and chemical analysis methods.     

功能高分子材料发展现状及展望

介绍了几种新型的功能高分子材料的发展及应用领域等,包括：光功能高分子材料、电功能高分子材料、反应型功能高分子材料、吸附分离功能高分子材料、生物医用功能高分子材料、液晶高分子材料等。并展望了功能高分子材料未来发展方向的热点,最后论及新型功能高分子材料的战略地位。