铁(Ⅲ)-草酸盐配合物对水溶性染料的光降解研究

铁 -草酸盐配合物在高压汞灯 (λ =313nm)的照射下 ,可使活性艳红X3-B和活性黑K -BR染料水溶液脱色降解。染料初始浓度在 10～ 5 0mg·L-1范围 ,脱色降解过程具有一级反应动力学特征 ,脱色降解速率随染料初始浓度的增大而降低。在 2 .0～ 3.0时 ,染料的脱色降解效果最佳。铁 /草酸盐配比不同也会影响染料溶液的脱色降解速率     

铁氧化物联合低含量亚铁离子催化H_2O_2降解偶氮染料活性黑5

采用铁污泥(铁氧化物)/Fe2+/H2O2法对模拟染料废水进行处理。以活性黑5染料溶液为研究对象,比较了不同氧化体系下活性黑5的脱色效果,其中铁氧化物/Fe2+/H2O2对活性黑5的脱色效果最佳;考察了溶液pH、H2O2含量、铁氧化物投加量、染料初始含量对脱色效率的影响。结果表明,脱色反应在60 min内基本完成,铁氧化物/Fe2+/H2O2能在较宽的pH范围内保持较好的脱色效果;增加H2O2含量和铁氧化物投加量均可以提高活性黑5溶液脱色率,但H2O2质量浓度超过5.78 mg/L后效果提高不明显;在15~450 mg/L内,铁氧化物投加量的增加对脱色效果的影响不显著;染料脱色率随染料初始含量的升高而降低。     

高铁酸盐溶液降解活性黑KBR的效果及机理

研究了高铁酸盐溶液对活性黑KBR的降解效果,并采用UV-Vis、FTIR对降解机理进行分析。结果表明,高铁酸盐溶液对KBR脱色效果较好,脱色速率较快,最佳pH范围≤8。Fe(Ⅵ)最佳投加量为25 mg/L,反应60 min时,对KBR的色度和COD去除率分别为80.3%、62.5%。在氧化降解过程中,Fe(Ⅵ)和ClO-表现出协同作用。UV-Vis和FTIR分析表明,降解过程中染料分子的偶氮键被破坏,苯环和杂环被打开,染料大分子被氧化为小分子中间产物。     

草酸青霉Penicillium oxalicum菌体吸附活性染料的性能及微观过程

研究了草酸青霉(Penicillium oxalicum)在模拟染料废水中以边生长边吸附的方式对活性翠蓝KN-G, M-GB, K-GL,活性黑K-BR、活性艳蓝M-BR、活性红紫K-3R和活性深蓝K-R 7种水溶性活性染料的脱色性能及吸附过程. 结果显示,生长菌体对7种活性染料具有良好的脱色性能,染料初始浓度为200 mg/L时,平均脱色率可达93.0%;染料初始浓度为400 mg/L时,活性翠蓝KN-G和M-GB的脱色率仍达到了99.7%和99.9%. 上清液的紫外光谱图及染料分子中铜离子浓度的检测结果表明,染料通过吸附方式从废水中去除. 通过SEM, TEM观察发现,生长菌体在吸附过程中,菌丝发生肿胀膨大,细胞壁发生结构重组,厚度增加10~15倍. 细胞壁的结构变化是生长菌体吸附染料的重要机制,为染料吸附提供位点和进入细胞内部的通道.     

细菌纤维素固定化漆酶对活性艳蓝KN-R脱色的研究

采用细菌纤维素(BC)膜为载体固定化漆酶,对活性艳蓝KN-R脱色,研究了艳蓝降解的动力学和不同因素对该染料脱色的影响。结果表明,脱色后的艳蓝溶液的紫外可见吸收峰几乎完全消失,说明该染料发生降解脱色;固定化酶对艳蓝的降解符合二级动力学方程;BC膜对艳蓝的吸附符合Freundlich吸附等温线。当固定化酶的活力为84.9U时,脱色率最大为73.5%;染料浓度为50mg/L时,脱色效果较好,为81.1%;固定化酶对艳蓝的脱色在偏酸性条件下更好,最适宜的pH为5,此时的脱色率为95.2%;与游离酶相比,固定化酶的降解率提高了2倍,反应速率提高了3倍;在重复脱色5次后,脱色率降为12.2%。     

α-SiW11Ni/PANI光催化降解染料废水的研究

以α-SiW11Ni/PANI为催化剂,在紫外灯辐射下,研究了模拟染料废水亚甲基蓝溶液的光催化降解的反应,讨论了催化剂投加量、亚甲基蓝溶液的初始浓度、酸度等对催化脱色效果的影响。实验结果表明,100 mL的亚甲基蓝溶液在紫外灯辐射下最佳的浓度为5 mg/L,催化剂用量为110 mg/L,溶液酸度为pH2;在不改变溶液酸度的情况下,外加氧化剂H2O2能够显著加速亚甲基蓝的催化降解效果。     

电化学氧化降解蒽醌染料动力学研究

利用形稳阳极原位电生成活性氯对蒽醌型染料活性艳蓝KN-R进行氧化脱色.以该染料的2个特征波长处吸光度为主要指标,对染料脱色及其芳环结构氧化降解的过程进行同步分析.在电流密度15A/m2、0.1mol/L Na2SO4、0.2 mol/LNaCl、0.1 mmol/L活性艳蓝KN-R、初始pH值6.4、温度30℃的实验条件下,经4h的电解,可使染料100%脱色,45%左右的染料芳环结构被破坏,处理每千克染料的能耗为0.28 kWh.实验结果表明,电流密度、氯化钠浓度、染料浓度、温度对染料的脱色及其母体结构氧化降解有较强的影响;染料脱色及其芳环结构氧化降解过程遵循准一级动力学;在整个的电氧化过程中,电解液未发生矿化.     

粉煤灰对活性艳红溶液的吸附脱色处理

以活性艳红染料模拟废水为研究对象,考察粉煤灰对染料废水的吸附脱色作用,考察了粉煤灰的加灰量、吸附时间、吸附温度、废水pH值及初始浓度对活性艳红脱色率的影响。实验表明,废水初始浓度越低,吸附时间越长,脱色效果越好,当吸附时间达60 min时,脱色率趋于稳定;随着粉煤灰加入量的增加,脱色率呈上升趋势,对于100 mg/L的染料溶液,当粉煤灰用量为60 g/L时,染料溶液脱色率可达95%;粉煤灰脱色效果受pH值影响很大,碱性条件下粉煤灰的脱色率较高,酸性条件下次之,中性条件下最差,最佳pH值为10。脱色率随温度的升高而下降,但影响不大。     

强化日光/H_2O_2协同作用对酸性黑染料的降解脱色研究

在H2O2存在条件下,对酸性黑染料进行加强日光照射处理,系统地研究了染料初始浓度、pH值、光照强度、不同阴离子等因素对酸性黑染料废水的脱色效果的影响。结果表明,染料初始浓度越低,光降解速率越高;酸性媒介比碱性媒介更有利于酸性黑光解脱色;染料光解脱色速率随光照强度增加而增加,但在较高光强下时,降解速率增加并不明显。除SO42-离子外,试验范围内的其它Br-、NO3-、Cl-和NO2-等阴离子,均对降解脱色有抑制作用,其中NO2-对脱色作用抑制最显著。处理前后的UV-Vis谱图分析表明酸性黑在H2O2/强化日光光解处理中脱色是因为染料发生氧化光降作用。     

新生MnO_2对活性艳蓝染料的脱色研究

研究了新生态MnO2对活性艳蓝染料的脱色率及影响因素,研究结果表明,新生MnO2对活性艳蓝染料模拟废水有较好的脱色效果。低pH值有利于活性艳蓝染料的脱色,当活性艳蓝染料浓度为40 mg/L、MnO2的投加量为20 mg/L,pH=5时,活性艳蓝染料的脱色率达97%。     

改性聚硅酸铝铁絮凝剂的研制及其性能研究

以氯化铝、氯化铁、硅酸钠为主要原料,制备了聚合硅酸铝铁絮凝剂,并引入锌、镁离子对其进行改性,通过对三种染料溶液(直接耐晒翠蓝、酸性黑、酸性黄)脱色率的处理,考察金属离子的不同配比对改性前后的处理情况,并确定改性絮凝剂聚硅酸铝铁锌的最佳投加量、废水pH值、水力条件以及絮凝剂稳定性等对染料溶液直接耐晒翠蓝处理的最佳值。试验表明:改性聚硅酸铝铁中(Al+Fe):Si(物质的量比)为1:1、Al:Fe(物质的量比)为1:1、Al:Fe:Zn(物质的量比)为1:1:4、投加量为1.1 mmol/L(以SiO_2计)、废水pH值为7～8、水力搅拌转速:第一阶段为300 r/min,搅拌时间2 min;第二阶段为120 r/min,搅拌时间20 min时对直接耐晒翠蓝染料溶液处理较好,脱色率可达99.8%,同时添加适量聚丙烯酰胺对该絮凝剂具有一定的稳定性作用。经用于实际印染废水脱色率可提高30%,脱色效果良好。     

瓜子壳和花生壳吸附去除亚甲基蓝染料的影响研究

试验以农业固体废弃物花生壳、瓜子壳为生物吸附材料,以亚甲基蓝染料为吸附对象,考察不同条件(如吸附剂用量、溶液pH值和吸附时间等)对亚甲基兰染料吸附效果的影响,结果表明,吸附剂量为2.0 g时,瓜子壳和花生壳对染料的吸附效果较好,均能达到吸附平衡;染料溶液在弱酸或碱性条件下,有利于花生壳和瓜子壳对亚甲基蓝的吸附;花生壳和瓜子壳对亚甲基蓝的吸附均在30 min内达到饱和。而瓜子壳对溶液中亚甲基兰染料的吸附能力要高于花生壳的吸附能力,可作为含亚甲基兰染料印染废水的处理材料。     

Fe/Mn oxide decorated polyacrylonitrile hollow fiber membrane as heterogeneous Fenton reactor for methylene blue decolorization

A very distinctive modification route was schemed to fabricate a membrane reactor that could heterogeneously catalyze Fenton reactions to decolorize dye wastewater in the process of filtration. Through this route, porogen-free polyacrylonitrile (PAN) hollow fiber membrane was decorated with in situ generated well-distributed Fe/Mn composite oxide, and the so-called membrane reactor was finally acquired. Its performance of decolorizing dye wastewater was evaluated by feeding methylene blue (MB) aqueous solution into its lumen side and analyzing the permeate gained from its shell side. The results showed that about 97.4% of MB could be removed from its aqueous solution as the solution passed through the shell side of hollow fiber membrane, and this removal efficiency would keep unchanged when operation period was lengthened. The membrane reactor presented excellent capability to decolorize MB aqueous solution and could be used repeatedly without any loss in decolorization efficiency. Finally, the mechanism of causing MB decolorization was proposed by comparing decolorization performance of modified and unmodified membranes, measuring total organic carbon, and analyzing UV–Vis spectra. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019 , 136, 48217.     

Enhanced decolorization of reactive black 5 dye by active carbon sorbent-immobilized-cationic surfactant (AC-CS)

Activated carbon-immobilized-cationic surfactant (AC-CS) was designed to enhance the decolorization behavior of reactive black 5 (RB5), as an anionic dye, from aqueous and industrial wastewater samples in presence of various controlling experimental conditions. Experimental data indicated that the dye adsorption capacity by (AC-CS) was higher in strongly acidic and basic solutions. An anion exchange and ion–ion interaction mechanisms were proposed in the acidic solution, while only anion exchange mechanism was suggested in the basic aqueous solution. The adsorption behavior and thermodynamic parameters were also evaluated. Treatments of textile industrial wastewater and real water samples were successfully established (95.23–100.00%).     

光催化协同臭氧降解活性艳红X-3B

采用光催化协同臭氧技术降解蒽醌染料活性艳红X-3B。利用UV-vis光谱比较了X-3B在不同体系中的降解效果,并研究了光催化／爽氧法处理染料的主要影响参数。结果表明：光催化法和臭氧法之间存在明显的协同作用,经过60min的反应,初始浓度为100mg／L的X-3B溶液的脱色率达到99．95％。增加臭氧的流量有利于提高脱色率;溶液初始pH则对降解的影响较小：随着染料初始浓度的增加,脱色率逐渐下降,然而单位时间内X-3B的绝对去除祭却缓慢升高。在光催化／臭氧体系中,对降解起到主要作用的是·OH的氧化作用。     

活性染料染色废水厌氧生物脱色研究

通过对取自染料生产废水处理厂的生物污泥,进行进一步驯化、培养出混合高效脱色菌,研究其对活性染料废水的脱色工艺条件及脱色效果。结果表明,在pH为7.5,培养温度为35℃,不另外投加氮、磷时,对含难于脱色的活性艳红X-3B模拟废水处理48 h,脱色率最高达到70.8%。在此条件下,对活性黄X-R脱色率最高可达75%,活性艳蓝X-BR脱色率最高可达88.8%。     

白腐真菌生物接触氧化法处理染料废水试验研究

采用白腐真菌生物接触氧化法处理偶氮染料活性嫩黄K-6G模拟染料废水,考察其对染料废水的脱色效果和COD的降解情况。试验结果表明:该法对染料废水色度去除效果较好,在进水色度为2000倍左右时,去除率达98%;对经Fenton预处理后的染料废水,在进水COD的质量浓度为132~305mg/L时,其COD平均去除率为62%。由此可见,白腐真菌技术与生物膜反应器相结合,能有效地去除难降解偶氮染料废水的色度,并对COD有一定的降解效果。     

活性黑5的生物脱色、复色现象及机理

印染废水问题形势依然严峻,目前常用生物法来治理,筛选高效降解染料的微生物是生物法处理印染废水的关键。本文利用梯度浓度压力驯化法,从印染废水水解酸化反应器中筛选出对染料活性黑5具有良好脱色性能的混合菌群DDMY1。利用该菌群在兼氧条件下对活性黑5进行脱色研究,首先采用拍照方式记录其反复脱色、复色的直观效果,其次运用紫外-可见光分光光度计检测其不同时间、不同状态下脱色液吸光值情况,最后运用气相色谱质谱联用仪和傅里叶变换红外光谱仪等检测方法分析脱色、复色过程中产物情况。结果表明,混合菌群DDMY1对活性黑5的脱色性能显著,24h脱色率能达到97.4%。同时,发现活性黑5的兼氧生物脱色反应可有效反复脱色、复色达17次之多,根据分析测试的结果,初步推测该现象可能是由活性黑5降解产物中的苯胺类物质或萘醌类物质造成的。     

Characterization of recuperating talent of white-rot fungi cells to dye-contaminated soil/water

This study was purposed to explore the decolorization of dyes by fungi on either a soil or in a liquid medium and to determine the application through batch shaking system. Two commercial dyes were decolorized and studied with four fungal strains in three media. Fungal growth is the best in malt extract/glucose medium for all organisms. Decolorization of reactive blue 220 and methyl red was investigated in soil medium by Trametes versicolor. These dyes were removed 91% and 80% for methyl red and reactive blue 220 respectively(dye concentration; 100 mg·L~(-1)) by both organisms. Enzymatic activities were monitored. Laccase(Lac) and manganese peroxidase(Mn P) were detected. MnP enzyme had important role for the dye decolorization. This study demonstrates that it is possible to decolorize some synthetic dyes, which would be highly advanced for dye containing wastewater and soil. These applications could be used for dye bioremediation.     

在不分隔的反应器中原位电生成活性氯氧化降解蒽醌染料

The purpose of this paper was to investigate the possibility of treating C. I. Reactive Blue 19 wastewater by electrochemical oxidation via electrogenerated active chlorine, using metallic oxide coatings （dimensional stable anode, DSA） as anode. The electrolysis for the simulated wastewater was conducted at a constant current. Absorbances at 592 nm and 255 nm were measured to follow the decolorization of the dye and the degradatin of its aromatic ring. After 4 h of electrolysis under the experimental conditions： current density of 15 A·m^-2, 0.2 mol·L^-1 NaCl, 0.1 mol·L^-1 Na2SO4, 0.1 mmol·L^-1 dye, initial pH=6.4 and T=30℃, 100% decolorization of the dye and about 45% degradation of its aromatic ring were achieved, while no obvious change of total organic carbon was observed. The experimental results suggest that the decolorization of the dye and degradation of its aromatic ring were directly affected by current density, temperature, concentrations of the dye and sodium chloride, while slightly affected by initial pH and sodium sulfate concentration; the decolorization of the dye and degradation of its aromatic ring followed pseudo-first-order kinetics; and indirect electrooxidation, using electrogenerated active chlorine, predominated in the electrochemical oxidation.