磁流变液温度特性研究

主要配制了温度稳定性能优异的磁流变液,并分析温度对磁流变液悬浮相、载液和添加剂的影响,研究了磁流变液的粘度-温度特性,该磁流变液在20～100℃温度范围内粘度稳定性能优良.测试了该磁流变液的阻尼器在不同温度下施加不同电流时的阻尼力特性,并初步探讨了磁流变液阻尼力的温度衰减性能.     

脂肪酸对磁流变液沉降稳定性影响的研究

以羰基铁粉为悬浮相,油酸、月桂酸、硬脂酸和聚丙烯酸为添加剂制备硅油基磁流变液,分析了脂肪酸对羰基铁粉Zeta电位和磁流变液零场黏度的影响,研究了不同种类脂肪酸对磁流变液沉降稳定性能的影响。结果表明:聚丙烯酸能够同时增大羰基铁粉的Zeta电位和磁流变液的零场黏度,对磁流变液的沉降稳定性具有较为显著的增强作用,而月桂酸和硬脂酸处理羰基铁粉的Zeta电位绝对值低,制得磁流变液的沉降稳定性能较差。     

磁流变体(MRF)材料的制备及性能研究

以羰基铁粉为磁性粒子,硅油或烃油为载液,对高浓度、微米级的磁流变体材料进行了研究,并对其各项性能及影响因素进行了分析,通过添加剂的加入,合成工艺的改进,可以得到性能良好的磁流变体材料,该磁流变体在汽车智能减振器的应用试验中取得较好效果。     

基于中空钴微米颗粒的磁流变液性能研究

采用水热法制备钴微米颗粒,通过X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜和振动样品磁强计对颗粒的相结构、形貌及磁性能进行表征。结果表明,颗粒为密排六方结构的单质钴,粒径3~5μm,内部呈中空结构,饱和磁化强度为161A·m2/kg。以中空钴微米颗粒为悬浮相,以硅油为基液,制备颗粒体积分数为12%的磁流变液。测试结果表明,基于中空钴微米颗粒的磁流变液的磁致剪切屈服强度在250kA/m磁场下达到37kPa,剪切应力的时间稳定性、长期静置的沉降稳定性等均优于同体积浓度的羰基铁粉磁流变液。     

磁流变液稳定性影响因素研究综述

磁流变液凭其灵活、可控、稳定的特点成为应用最广的智能材料，磁流变液的稳定性对磁流变液功能的实现具有非常重要的意义。对磁流变液在机械传动、精密加工、医学、土木工程等领域的应用及其原理进行综述，总结对比了多种磁流变液沉降稳定性的检测方法。重点介绍磁流变液沉降稳定性的影响因素，通过总结不同类型添加剂的作用机理，从沉降率的角度对比分析了添加剂对磁流变液沉降稳定性的影响。同时指出改变磁性颗粒的结构、形成低密度复合材料主要是通过增大磁性颗粒与基载液之间的摩擦力和减小磁性颗粒和基载液之间的密度差来改善磁流变液的沉降性能。最后对磁流变液的发展趋势进行预测。     

基于中空钴微米颗粒的磁流变液性能研究

采用水热法制备钴微米颗粒,通过X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜和振动样品磁强计对颗粒的相结构、形貌及磁性能进行表征。结果表明,颗粒为密排六方结构的单质钴,粒径3~5μm,内部呈中空结构,饱和磁化强度为161A·m2/kg。以中空钴微米颗粒为悬浮相,以硅油为基液,制备颗粒体积分数为12%的磁流变液。测试结果表明,基于中空钴微米颗粒的磁流变液的磁 致 剪 切 屈 服 强 度 在250kA/m磁 场 下 达 到37kPa,剪切应力的时间稳定性、长期静置的沉降稳定性等均优于同体积浓度的羰基铁粉磁流变液。     

特种阻尼器用磁流变体材料研究

介绍了一种高频火炮发射系统后坐力阻尼用磁流变体材料.利用电子探针和重力沉降法对悬浮相粒径进行了测试分析,研究了粒径与磁流变体材料的沉降性和磁流变效应的关系,同时探讨了材料的磁化特性和摩擦学特性.利用该磁流变液研制的阻尼器用于某型号高频火炮发射系统的后坐力阻尼控制,取得了良好的实验结果.     

磁流变液动密封实验研究

磁流变液是一种由铁磁性悬浮相、悬浮介质和添加剂组成的分散体材料,具有高的饱和磁化强度,在外磁场作用下能产生高的屈服应力,可用于旋转轴的较高压差密封.设计了一种旋转轴密封装置,该装置包括高性能的永磁体、导磁良好的极靴和旋转轴,注入自制的磁流变液,在轴转速8000r/min时能够密封的氢气压差达到0.3MPa.     

实用型磁流变体材料研究

研究了基液和添加剂对磁流变体的温度稳定性、润滑减磨性及磁流变性能的影响规律.实验结果表明,采用合理的基液和添加剂复合工艺制备的磁流变体材料,最低使用温度达-40℃,5000Gs磁场下剪切应力值达56kPa,且具有良好的润滑性能和抗沉降团聚稳定性能.     

稳定型磁流变体材料研究

同时利用触变剂、表面活性剂和固体润滑剂对磁性悬浮相进行适当的处理,采用机械分散和高速乳化分散工艺合成了一种稳定型磁流变液,测试结果表明,该磁流变液具有较低的零场粘度(η0≤1000mPa·s),理想的饱和磁化强度和较高的剪切应力(τ5000Gs＞60kPa),良好的抗沉降、团聚稳定性和润滑减磨性能,并通过了磁流变液阻尼器300万次振动试验,取得了理想的结果.     

超声波强化庞庄煤制浆的试验研究

使用自制的新型萘油添加剂对庞庄煤制浆,考察了超声作用前后煤浆中煤粉粒度分布与添加剂在煤粒表面吸附能力的变化及其对水煤浆性能的影响。煤浆经超声作用后,浆体中细级煤粒的含量与煤粒对萘油添加剂的平衡吸附量都增加,煤浆稳定性显著提高。在超声发射强度为60W/cm2,频率为20kHz,萘油添加剂加入量为1%的条件下,超声辐照时间小于3min时煤浆粘度降低,辐照时间超过3min,煤浆粘度反而升高。当添加剂加入量为2%时,浆体粘度在试验超声作用时间内一直降低。     

Preparation of stable micron-sized crystalline irbesartan particles for the enhancement of dissolution rate

Purpose: In this study, micron-sized crystalline drug particles of irbesartan (IBS) were prepared to improve its stability and dissolution rate.

Method: The approach to crystalline particles was based on the liquid precipitation process by which the amorphous particles were prepared. Pharmaceutical acceptable additives were used as the crystallization agent to convert the amorphous drug into crystalline particles. High pressure homogenization (HPH) process has been employed to reduce the size of the crystalline particles, and the micron-sized particles were obtained by the freeze-drying process.

Results: Different additives show different influences on the polymorphic form of IBS. Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) were effective in stabilizing amorphous particles instead of converting amorphous drug into crystalline particles, while poloxamer407 (F127) and tween80 (T80) could convert the amorphous drug into crystalline particles. T80 was also effective in controlling the particle size than that of F127. After HPH, crystalline particles with an average of 0.8 μm were obtained. The freeze-dried micron-sized crystalline particles exhibited significantly enhanced in vitro dissolution rate when compared to the raw drug. SEM, FT-IR, XRD, DSC and dissolution rate studies indicated that the micron-sized particles were stable during 6 months storage.

Conclusion: The preparation of micron-sized crystalline drug particles is an effective way to improve the stability and dissolution rate of irbesartan.     

铁/蛋白质复合微粒的结构及其磁流变性能

磁流变液由于其具有较强的剪切应力而受到广泛重视。磁流变液最突出的问题之一是重力作用下的沉降。本文作者报道蛋白铁磁流变液的制备及蛋白铁表面结构的XRD,TEM,IR检测和磁流变性能、温度效应、沉降稳定性。结果表明,蛋白铁实为晶体态α-Fe和非晶质蛋白质的复合物。蛋白铁磁流变液具有良好的磁流变效应,且沉降稳定性大大优于一般羰基铁磁流变液。      

加料方式对超细氧化亚铜粉体分散性与粒度稳定性的影响

在不加任何添加剂和高反应物浓度的条件下, 用CuSO₄、NaOH、葡萄糖为原料制备了Cu₂O球形粉体. 利用扫描电镜和smileview软件对Cu₂O粉体进行了表征分析, 主要考察了加料方式对Cu₂O颗料的分散性与粒度稳定性的影响, 并根据Lamer模型初步探讨了其影响机理. 结果表明, 当采用先将NaOH溶液与CuSO₄溶液分步缓慢混合制备Cu(OH)₂作为铜源, 再加入葡萄糖还原Cu(OH)₂制备Cu₂O的加料方式时, Cu₂O颗粒按“爆发成核, 缓慢生长”的模式形成, 制得的Cu₂O粉体分散性高, 粒度稳定性好. 分散性高是由于缓慢的晶核生长有利于通过搅拌作用使初始晶核间的软团聚体再分散, 避免软团聚体进一步通过化学键合发展成为硬团聚. 粒度稳定性好的原因是将NaOH溶液分步缓慢加入到CuSO₄溶液中制备的前驱体Cu(OH)₂热稳定性好, 较好地保持了前驱体升温过程中铜源组分的单一性, 避免了还原过程中出现二次成核现象.     

添加剂对铁/聚丙烯酸锂复合微粒-硅油电流变和磁流变效应的影响

采用反相乳液聚合技术合成了铁/聚丙烯酸锂复合微粒, 将其悬浮分散于含有不同添加剂的硅油中形成电磁流变体, 考察了添加剂的种类和用量对复合微粒的电流变和磁流变效应的影响。结果表明, 添加剂对电流变效应有较大影响, 且不同添加剂对电流变效应的影响差别较大, 对磁流变效应的影响却较小。     

Suction-injection effects on the onset of Rayleigh-Bénard-Marangoni convection in a fluid with suspended particles

Summary The effect of Suction-Injection-Combination (SIC) on the linear stability of Rayleigh-Bénard Marangoni convection in a horizontal layer of an Boussinesq fluid with suspended particles confined between an upper free adiabatic boundary and a lower rigid isothermal/adiabatic boundary is considered. The Rayleigh-Ritz technique is used to obtain the eigenvalues. The influence of various parameters on the onset of convection has been analysed. It is found that the effect of Prandtl number on the stability of the system is dependent on the SIC being pro-gravity or anti-gravity. A similar Pe-sensitivity is found in respect of the critical wave number. It is observed that the fluid layer with suspended particles heated from below is more stable compared to the classical fluid layer without suspended particles. The problem has possible applications in microgravity situations.     

复合颗粒电流变液的制备及其性能

制备了ＳｉＯ２／Ｐ（ＭＭＡ－ＭＡＡ）微囊复合颗粒电流变液,测试了该电流变液的力学性能和材料性能。结果指出：这种复合颗粒电流变液的稳定性有较大的提高;剪切强度随外加电场强度的增大而增大。     

Rheological behavior of clay-nanoparticle hybrid-added bentonite suspensions: specific role of hybrid additives on the gelation of clay-based fluids

Two different types of clay nanoparticle hybrid, iron oxide nanoparticle clay hybrid (ICH) and Al(2)O(3)-SiO(2) nanoparticle clay hybrid (ASCH), were synthesized and their effects on the rheological properties of aqueous bentonite fluids in steady state and dynamic state were explored. When ICH particles were added, bentonite particles in the fluid cross-link to form relatively well-oriented porous structure. This is attributed to the development of positively charged edge surfaces in ICH that leads to strengthening of the gel structure of the bentonite susensions. The role of ASCH particles on the interparticle association of the bentonite fluids is different from that of ICH and sensitive to pH. As pH of ASCH-added bentonite suspensions increased, the viscosity, yield stress, storage modulus, and flow stress decreased. In contrast, at low pH, the clay suspensions containing ASCH additives were coagulated and their rheological properties become close to those of ICH added bentonite fluids. A correlation between the net surface charge of the hybrid additives and the rheological properties of the fluids indicates that the embedded nanoparticles within the interlayer space control the variable charge of the edge surfaces of the platelets and determine the particles association behavior of the clay fluids.     

ON THE STABILITY AND SEGREGATION OF SUSPENDED PARTICLES IN FLOW AND POLARIZATION FIELDS

The stability of an assembly of particles which are suspended in a flow field of a gas, under the action of force fields, is considered. It is shown that the stability of the particle dispersion depends on the composite energy density due to the flow and the force fields. The stability can be maintained by balancing the change occurring in the flow and force fields, so that the total energy density after the change remains fixed. This capability is well established in Magnetically Stabilized Fluidized Beds (MSFBs), where the magnetic field can be used to lower the energy of the system against the rise in the kinetic energy of the fluidizing gas. A general criterion for stability is formulated in terms of the balance between energy densities that can be assigned to the dispersion as a composite entity. The sedimentation behavior of particles fluidized by gas discloses the factors that affect the intensity of instability of these systems. Simulation of batch sedimentation of concentrated, i.e. low voidage, polydisperse particle mixtures shows that the evolution of voidage disturbances is enhanced at higher particle concentrations and narrower size distributions. Under these conditions, relaxation time of the system becomes too high so that the evolution of the disturbance cannot be suppressed. This behaviour is the result of fluid particle interaction and the high sensitivity of the system to relatively small voidage perturbation. The application of polarization fields can eliminate this high sensitivity and render the system more stable. The extra stability is achieved by formation of ordered, pearl chain structures of the polarized particles. These structures render the system higher permeability levels to the flow of gas, thus allowing higher velocities at the same pressure drop. Alternatively, the formation of pearl chains changes the fluid particles interactions, decreasing the fluid drag and increasing the sedimentation velocity of the particles.     

A Novel Preparation Process for Magnetorheological Fluid with High Sedimentation Stability

We report the preparation of a high-performance magnetorheological (MR) fluid by using silane coupling agent and bentonite as additives at appropriate contents determined by a series of experiments. We also adopted a new preparation process that was optimized through an orthogonal experimental design. The effects of process parameters on the sedimentation stability of the MR fluid were determined. Sedimentation ratio, apparent viscosity, and yield stress were measured to evaluate the performance of the MR fluid prepared by the optimized process. Results indicated that the MR fluid exhibited enhanced sedimentation stability when the silane coupling agent and bentonite mass fractions were 2.88% and 3.60%, respectively. Moreover, the effect of the second stirring process on sedimentation stability was found to be more important than the first. The optimal preparation parameters determined for the high-performance MR fluid are as follows: first and second stirring temperature of 20°C, first stirring time of 5 min, second stirring time of 5 h, and first and second stirring rotation speed of 2000 rpm.