脑出血后肺组织炎症损伤情况的研究

目的研究脑出血后肺组织炎症损伤的发病机制。方法用病理学常规HE染色法观察脑出血组和对照组肺标本的出血、渗出和炎症细胞浸润改变情况,在光镜下对白细胞、巨噬细胞进行记数。结果与对照组比较,脑出血组肺组织存在明显渗出、出血及大量白细胞、巨噬细胞浸润,炎症细胞记数有显著意义P<0.05。结论脑出血可以通过引发炎症反应导致急性肺损伤;炎症反应在3~5d时最明显。     

硫化矿石堆氧化自燃全过程特征综述与分析

针对能产生自燃内因火灾的典型硫化矿石类型,介绍了其堆积、氧化自热、着火及燃烧各阶段的特征,分析了氧化自燃发生的原因和发展过程,并探讨了影响硫化矿石自燃的各种因素及其作用机理.在此基础上,澄清了对硫化矿山火灾防治有重要指导意义的自燃发火初期的概念及其征兆识别方法,可为现场硫化矿山自燃火灾的早期识别与防治提供指导.     

自燃煤渣在水泥生产中的应用

针对湖南青峰煤矿~#1和~#2堆场的自燃煤渣化学成分和活性分析,将自燃煤渣按一定比例替代燃煤炉渣作生料配料烧制熟料,和将~#1堆场自燃煤渣替代部分混合材生产水泥。结果表明,利用~#1和~#2堆场的自燃煤渣均能生产出优质硅酸盐熟料,利用~#1堆场自燃煤渣生产的水泥,各项指标均达到GB/T 21372—2008硅酸盐水泥熟料标准,且社会、经济效益显著。     

A Novel Netrin-1-Derived Peptide Enhances Protection against Neuronal Death and Mitigates of Intracerebral Hemorrhage in Mice

It has been reported that Netrin-1 is involved in neuroprotection following injury to the central nervous system. However, the minimal functional domain of Netrin-1 which can preserve the neuroprotection but avoid the major side effects of Netrin remains elusive. Here, we investigated the neuroprotective effect of a peptide E1 derived from Netrin-1′s EGF3 domain (residues 407–422). We found that it interacts with deleted colorectal carcinoma (DCC) to activate focal adhesion kinase phosphorylation exhibiting neuroprotection. The administration of the peptide E1 was able to improve functional recovery through reduced apoptosis in an experimental murine model of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). In summary, we reveal a functional sequence of Netrin-1 that is involved in the recovery process after ICH and identify a candidate peptide for the treatment of ICH.     

依达拉奉治疗急性脑出血疗效观察

目的探讨依达拉奉治疗急性脑出血的临床疗效。方法选取我院2006年3月至2009年7月收治的60例急性脑出血患者的临床资料,随机分为治疗组(30例)和对照组(30例),治疗组患者应用常规治疗,对照组在常规治疗的基础上加用依达拉奉,连续治疗2周,在治疗前后对患者进行神经功能评分,疗效评定和超敏C反应蛋白(HsCRP)浓度测定。结果治疗组患者神经功能评分明显优于对照组患者,2组患者疗效比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗组患者恢复疗效优于对照组患者。治疗组超敏C反应蛋白浓度低于对照组患者。结论依达拉奉治疗急性脑出血能明显改善患者的临床症状,减轻患者的炎性反应,降低患者的神经功能损伤程度,疗效满意值得在临床推广。     

我国苹果病害发生和防治概况

本文简要介绍了我国的苹果生产情况、苹果病害种类和苹果树腐烂病、轮纹病、炭疽病、褐斑病、斑点落叶病、白粉病、黑星病等主要病害的发生流行特点及防治现状，并就当前防治中的几个问题进行了讨论。     

金属化合物在分子筛上自发分散的研究进展

金属盐和氧化物在分子筛孔穴中及内外表面自发形成原子水平的分散,这种自发分散现象已被多种现代仪器分析所证实，并在国内外得到广泛认同。总结相关文献，结合部分研究工作，对金属化合物在分子筛上自发分散的研究作了综述。     

The Role of the ATP-Binding Cassette A1 (ABCA1) in Human Disease

Cholesterol homeostasis is essential in normal physiology of all cells. One of several proteins involved in cholesterol homeostasis is the ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1), a transmembrane protein widely expressed in many tissues. One of its main functions is the efflux of intracellular free cholesterol and phospholipids across the plasma membrane to combine with apolipoproteins, mainly apolipoprotein A-I (Apo A-I), forming nascent high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) particles, the first step of reverse cholesterol transport (RCT). In addition, ABCA1 regulates cholesterol and phospholipid content in the plasma membrane affecting lipid rafts, microparticle (MP) formation and cell signaling. Thus, it is not surprising that impaired ABCA1 function and altered cholesterol homeostasis may affect many different organs and is involved in the pathophysiology of a broad array of diseases. This review describes evidence obtained from animal models, human studies and genetic variation explaining how ABCA1 is involved in dyslipidemia, coronary heart disease (CHD), type 2 diabetes (T2D), thrombosis, neurological disorders, age-related macular degeneration (AMD), glaucoma, viral infections and in cancer progression.     

煤炭低温自燃指标气体的浓缩检测

煤矿井下采空区内遗煤早期氧化过程中产生的指标气体因浓度低往往难以准确检测。引入气体浓缩技术,使井下气流中的指标气体得以富集浓缩。解决了由于烃类气体,尤其是烯烃气体因为浓度低而影响其作为预测煤炭自燃状态指标气体的灵敏度问题。使乙烯的初始检出温度下降了60℃,丙烯下降了90℃。同时对在不同温度下指标气体的生成量和烯烷比进行测定,根据其变化规律可以确定煤体的热状态。     

The Effect of Minimally Invasive Hematoma Aspiration on the JNK Signal Transduction Pathway after Experimental Intracerebral Hemorrhage in Rats

Objective: To explore the effect of minimally invasive hematoma aspiration (MIHA) on the c-Jun NH₂-terminal kinase (JNK) signal transduction pathway after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Methods: In this experiment, 300 adult male Wistar rats were randomly and averagely divided into sham-operated group, ICH group and MIHA group. In each group, 60 rats were used in the detection of indexes in this experiment, while the other 40 rats were used to replace rats which reached the exclusion criteria (accidental death or operation failure). In ICH group and MIHA group, ICH was induced by injection of 70 µL of autologous arterial blood into rat brain, while only the rats in MIHA group were treated by MIHA 6 h after ICH. Rats in sham-operated group were injected nothing into brains, and they were not treated either, like rats in ICH group. In each group, six rats were randomly selected to observe their Bederson’s scales persistently (6, 24, 48, 72, 96, 120 h after ICH). According to the time they were sacrificed, the remaining rats in each group were divided into 3 subgroups (24, 72, 120 h). The change of brain water content (BWC) was measured by the wet weight to dry weight ratio method. The morphology of neurons in cortex was observed by the hematoxylin–eosin (HE) staining. The expressions of phospho-c-Jun NH₂-terminal kinase (pJNK) and JNK in peri-hematomal brain tissue were determined by the immunohistochemistry (IHC) and Western blotting (WB). Results: At all time points, compared with the ICH groups, the expression of pJNK decreased obviously in MIHA groups (p < 0.05), while their Bederson’s scales and BWC declined, and neuron injury in the cortex was relieved. The expression level of JNK was not altered at different groups. The data obtained by IHC and WB indicated a high-level of consistency, which provided a certain dependability of the test results. Conclusion: The JNK signal transduction pathway could be activated after intracerebral hemorrhage, with the expressions of pJNK increasing. MIHA could relieve the histo-pathological damage of nerve cells, reducing brain edema and neurological deficits, and these neuroprotective effects might be associated with suppression of JNK signal transduction pathway.     

棉花病虫发生与阶段防治

棉花产量２０－４０％取决于病虫害发生之轻重，拟定正确的病虫防治对策和措施是提高防治水平，增加植棉效益的关键。棉花生育期与病虫发生规律有其相对应的阶段性。棉花播种前和苗期应以防病除草为主，确保壮苗早发；蕾花期要充分发挥自然天敌的控害作用和棉株自身的耐割性与补偿功能，可能控制棉田用药；花铃期抓主要害虫主害代集中施药，兼治其他害虫，保铃保产。     

山东省棉花主要病害的发生现状与防治

山东省棉花病害种类共有１９种，根据其发病部位和时期等特点习惯了分为四大类：苗期病害的发生枯黄萎病，铃部病害和叶部病害，其中危害性最大的是棉花枯萎病和黄萎病。某些年份，立枯病，黑斑病和铃疫病也能引起较大的损失。     

Gene Variants Related to Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Diseases May Correlate with Severe Outcome of COVID-19

Background: Severe outcomes of COVID-19 account for up to 15% of all cases. The study aims to check if any gene variants related to cardiovascular (CVD) and pulmonary diseases (PD) are correlated with a severe outcome of COVID-19 in a Polish cohort of COVID-19 patients. Methods: In this study, a subset of 747 samples from unrelated individuals collected across Poland in 2020 and 2021 was used and whole-genome sequencing was performed. Results: The GWAS analysis of SNPs and short indels located in genes related to CVD identified one variant significant in COVID-19 severe outcome in the HADHA gene, while for the PD gene panel, we found two significant variants in the DRC1 gene. In this study, both potentially protective and risk variants were identified, of which variants in the HADHA gene deserve the most attention. Conclusions: This is the first study reporting the association between the HADHA and DRC1 genetic variants and COVID-19 severe outcome based on the cohort WGS analysis. Although all the identified variants are localised in introns, they may be correlated and therefore inherited along with other risk variants, potentially causative to severe outcome of COVID-19 but not discovered yet.     

重症脑室出血的救治体会

目的回顾分析重症脑室出血病人的抢救治疗结果,进一步加深认识并总结经验。方法对24例重症脑室出血病人及早诊断,尽快行双侧侧脑室穿刺外引流,尿激酶灌注冲洗,联合间断脑脊液置换,积极防治各种并发症,观察疗效。结果本组24例病人恢复情况满意,获得良好治疗效果。结论对重症脑室出血病人应及早诊断,尽早行脑室外引流术,尿激酶灌注冲洗,联合间断脑脊液置换,药物缓解脑血管痉挛,积极防治各种并发症,可得到较好的治疗效果。     

风险管理在石化生产装置安全管理中的应用

在石化生产装置安全管理工作中运用风险管理体现了预防为主的原则,具有事前预防和持续改进的特点。文章以催化裂化装置为例提出危害因素辨识是风险管理的核心,是建立风险管理体系的前提和出发点,要全面、准确、科学地开展风险管理工作,进行危险点分析预控排除风险,同时要对危险因素进行持续改进,针对实践中所发现的缺陷、不足或变化的内外部条件,采取纠正和预防措施。     

Role of Serum Cholesterol and Statin Use in the Risk of Prostate Cancer Detection and Tumor Aggressiveness

The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between statin use along with serum cholesterol levels and prostate cancer (PCa) detection and aggressiveness. Statin users of three years or more and serum cholesterol levels (SC) were assessed in 2408 men scheduled for prostate biopsy. SC was classified as normal (NSC: <200 mg/dL) or high (HSC: >200 mg/dL). High-grade PCa (HGPCa) was considered if the Gleason score was greater than 7. Statin users comprised 30.9% of those studied. The PCa detection rate was 31.2% of men on statins and 37% of non-statin users (p < 0.006). The PCa detection rate was 26.3% in men with NSC and 40.6% in those with HSC (p < 0.001). In the subset of NSC men, the PCa rate was 26.5% for statin users and 26.2% for non-users (p = 0.939), while in men with HSC, the PCa rate was 36.4% for statin users and 42.0% for non-statin users (p = 0.063). The HGPCa rate was 41.8% for statin users and 32.5% for non-users (p = 0.012). NSC men had a 53.8% rate of HGPCa, while the rate was only 27.6% in HSC men (p < 0.001). NSC men on statins had an HGPCa rate of 70.2%, while non-statin users had a rate of 41.2% (p < 0.001). The HGPCa rate for HSC men on statins was 18.8%, while the rate was 30.0% (p = 0.011) for non-users. Logistic regression analysis suggested that serum cholesterol levels could serve as an independent predictor of PCa risk, OR 1.87 (95% CI 1.56–2.24) and HGPCa risk, OR 0.31 (95% CI 0.23–0.44), while statin usage could not. Statin treatment may prevent PCa detection through serum cholesterol-mediated mechanisms. A disturbing increase in the HGPCa rate was observed in statin users who normalized their serum cholesterol.     

Stability of spontaneous passive films on high strength Mo-containing stainless steels in aqueous solutions

The stability of naturally grown passive films on some Mo-containing stainless steel specimens was examined in aerated and deaerated universal buffer solutions with different pH (2–12) as well as in sulphate and chloride solutions. Open circuit potential (E _oc) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were used as measuring techniques. In all cases, E _oc shifts towards less negative values with time until the potential reaches its steady-state (E _ss) value. The E _ss value is found to be more positive with decrease in solution pH or increase in Mo content in the alloy and becomes less positive in deaerated buffer solutions. Also, the thickening rate of the outer layer for the duplex passive film increases with increasing extent of Mo in the steel substrate or pH of the test solution. For a given alloy, E _ss decreases linearly with the anion concentration (C), and is always more positive in Cl⁻ than in SO₄²⁻ media for C ≥ 0.05 M. Analysis of the EIS data showed that the total resistance (R _T) of the passive film has higher values in aerated solutions, and is generally lower in basic solutions. This indicates that lower solution pH favours the formation of oxide films offering better protection. Furthermore, the higher values of R _T in Na₂SO₄ solutions suggest the formation of more stable passive films in sulphate than in chloride solutions. This is discussed on the basis of the relative degree of anion incorporation into the passive films.     

Mathematical modeling of gravity and buoyancy effect on low interfacial tension spontaneous imbibition in tight oil reservoirs

Considering capillary force, viscous force, and gravity and buoyancy effects due to the oil–water density difference during the imbibition process, a new mathematical model for core-scale spontaneous imbibition considering gravity and buoyancy is established. The imbibition rates with and without gravity and buoyancy in high-, low-, and ultralow-interfacial tension (IFT) solutions are compared. The study shows that oil buoyancy can accelerate the imbibition rate, and with increasing core permeability and decreasing IFT, the differences in imbibition rate with and without gravity and buoyancy become more significant. At a high IFT of dozens of mN/m, the gravity and buoyancy effects are nonsignificant and can be ignored, but at a low IFT such as at 0.355 mN/m and a core permeability above 1 mD, gravity and buoyancy must be considered in spontaneous imbibition simulations. In low-IFT solutions, the critical inverse Bond number when gravity and buoyancy must be considered is approximately 1 × 10⁻².     

热提质褐煤预氧化后自燃特性变化及其自由基原位分析

针对不同温度热提质褐煤新鲜样及其自然环境中储存一定时间后的预氧化样,利用订制的自燃测定实验装置测得各样品的自燃倾向性差异,采用X-band电子自旋共振波谱仪进行自由基动态原位分析,研究预氧化对热提质褐煤自燃特性的影响。结果表明,热提质温度升高,新鲜样的自燃倾向性降低。但随着储存时间延长,105~500℃热提质褐煤发生预氧化,自燃倾向性不同程度地增加,400℃热提质后的预氧化样与原煤一样易自燃。在自燃氧化过程中,与新鲜样不同,预氧化样的吸氧量增加,自由基浓度也增加。预氧化不仅使热提质褐煤自由基增加;且在自燃的加速氧化阶段后期,不断产生自由基,维持氧化自热升温。而400℃热提质褐煤新鲜样在自燃氧化初期消耗大量小分子自由基,损失达80%,因不能持续产生活性自由基难以维持自燃氧化反应进行。