上海赛科90万吨／年乙烯联合装置全集成自动化系统和FF总线技术的应用

一概述 上海赛科90万吨／年乙烯联合装置是目前世界范围内生产规模最大、工艺技术最新、自动化系统集成度最高的石油化工联合工厂，该工程总投资约27亿美元。2005年3月18日，90万吨／年乙烯装置开车成功，标志着上海赛科乙烯工程所有的生产装置、公用工程及辅助设施进入正常生产试运行。同时也表明，大规模采用FF现场总线控制技术在现代化大型石油化工联合装置中的应用获得了成功。     

镇海百万吨乙烯首次停工检修

<正>没有异味噪声,没有高架火炬排放,5月18日,镇海炼化乙烯裂解装置切断进料,按计划进入停工检修阶段,百万吨乙烯装置首个生产周期画上圆满句号。在1 440天的运行时间里,该装置生产乙烯426.61万t、丙烯210万t,实现利润总额116.63亿元,经济技术指标创造了多项世界纪录。2010年4月建成投产的镇海百万吨乙烯工程是浙江省首套乙烯装置。乙烯裂解装置的乙烯产量连续3年突     

行业

百万吨乙烯压缩机组投产填补技术空白日前,由我国自主研发、有乙烯生产装置心脏之称的乙烯压缩机组在辽宁抚顺正式投入使用。这套机组的成功投产,一举打破了国外垄断,填补了我国石化领域重大技术装备国产化的空白。在乙烯生产装置的核心部件中,我国过去一直没有乙烯压缩机整机设计和制造的记录,百万吨级乙烯压缩机组主要依靠进口,价格昂贵。该百万吨乙烯装置包括592台(套)设备,其国产化比例达到72%。在建设过程中,这个项目共拆除11套老旧装置,异地搬迁7套装置,新建9套炼油装置和8套化工装置。     

中原石化新增乙烯单体外卖装车项目进入实施阶段

3月11日,中原石化新增乙烯单体外卖装车项目可研报告通过了集团公司审查,标志着该项目进入实施阶段。随着中国石化首套煤化工示范项目-60万t／年MTO装置逐步达产,中原石化乙烯和丙烯产量均增加,而新增乙烯因没有外卖装置或下游配套装置,从而导致乙烯装置不能满负荷运行,装置生产利用率低,单位能耗高,若乙烯装置满负荷运行将富余乙烯5万～6万t／年。为降低能耗、减少浪费、增加效益,提高利用率,公司经过市场调研和反复比较,决定进行乙烯单体外卖。     

百万吨级大型乙烯成套设备国产化

前言在我国,乙烯工业正在快速发展,乙烯成套生产装置的龙头装置——乙烯裂解装置在生产乙烯的同时,副产大量的丙烯、丁烯等基本化工原料,由这些原料可以派生出三大合成材料——合成树脂、合成纤维和合成橡胶。因此乙烯在石油化工基础原料生产中占有主导地位,常常以乙烯生产能力作为一个国家和地区石油     

沈鼓将再次把惊奇带给世界——沈鼓与中石化天津石化分公司签订百万吨大型乙烯装置配套设备裂解气压缩机合同

2007年4月12日上午11点,在辽宁友谊宾馆一楼多功能厅隆重举行了中国石化天津分公司100万吨/年乙烯裂解气压缩机组合同签字仪式。这是继1998年、2001年、2003年、2005年,大庆石化公司、中石化上海股份有限公司、中石化茂名分公司大型乙烯配套装置压缩机组成功实现国产化后,沈鼓集团与中石化签订的首台年产100万吨大型乙烯装置配套设备裂解气压缩机组合同。乙烯是石油化工行业的基础原料之一,通过乙烯的聚合、氧化、卤化(包括氧氯化)、烷基化、水合、羰基化、齐聚等反应,可以获得多种极其重要的化工原材料,对整个国民经济发展起着重要作用,其…     

资讯

沈鼓百万吨乙烯装置用乙烯压缩机组试车成功3月5日,沈鼓集团承接的中石油抚顺分公司百万吨乙烯装置用乙烯压缩机组(3MCL806+3BCL527)高、低压缸联动机械运转试车顺利通过,沈鼓集团百万吨乙烯三机国产化实现满堂红。     

泵用干气密封的应用

介绍了泵用干气密封技术在国内乙烯装置上的应用，详细分析了使用中出现问题的原因以及采取的对策和获得的结果。     

乙烯装置急冷油泵国产化改造研究

乙烯装置急冷油泵普遍存在过流部件磨损、密封泄漏等问题。结合茂名36万t/a乙烯装置分析急冷油泵的故障原因,并介绍进口急冷油泵的改造情况,为今后的百万吨乙烯装置急冷油泵的选型及国产化改造提供参考。     

乙烯装置大型化是世界趋势 中国也正在向其靠拢

发展规模经济是世界石化行业进行产业结构调整和提高竞争力的必由之路。建设大型化乙烯装置是实现低成本战略的有效途径，这已成为国内外乙烯工业界的共识。有数据统计，乙烯成本随着装置规模的增大而有较大幅度的降低。100万t／a与50万t／a乙烯装置相比较．成本大约降低25％，150万t／a与50万t／a乙烯装置相比较，成本大约降低40％。     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.     

Application of Feature Extraction through Convolution Neural Networks and SVM Classifier for Robust Grading of Apples

This paper proposes a novel grading method of apples,in an automated grading device that uses convolutional neural networks to extract the size,color,texture,an...     

分布动态载荷识别的抗噪处理

针对正交多项式频域法在用多种响应对矩形薄板进行载荷识别中抗噪性较差的问题,综合运用平均法、矩阵预处理和奇异值截断法等方法对之进行改善,并引入空间映射的思想,将该方法的应用范围拓展为复杂的模型.利用仿真算例,证实了该方法具有较好的抗噪性.     

基于MELTAC-N平台的核电厂安全级DCS环网研究与测试

针对工程实践中环网通讯相关问题的处理缺乏理论基础及国产化安全级DCS平台的开发缺乏成熟经验借鉴问题,对基于MELTAC-N平台核电厂安全级DCS环网的软硬件实现进行了研究。提出了安全级DCS环网双环网冗余设计、光切换开关设计等硬件设计方法,以及以RPR协议为基础,采用全数据收发策略的软件设计方法。在CPR1000安全级DCS平台上对安全级DCS环网的可靠性及实时性进行了评价,并进行了容错能力、响应时间及响应时间稳定性测试验证实验。结果表明,基于MELTAC-N平台安全级DCS环网软硬件设计具有较好的容错能力及响应时间稳定性。     

Short-Term Relay Quality Prediction Algorithm Based on Long and Short-Term Memory

The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar...     

End-to-End Multiview Gesture Recognition for Autonomous Car Parking System

The use of hand gestures can be the most intuitive human-machine interaction medium.The early approaches for hand gesture recognition used device-based methods....     

The laboratory simulation of abrasive wear

Abrasive wear has long been recognised as one of the most potentially serious tribological problems facing the operators of many types of plant and machinery; several industrial surveys have indicated that wear by abrasion can be responsible for more than 50% of unscheduled machine and plant stoppages. Locating the operating point of a tribological contact in an appropriate operational ‚map’︁ can provide a useful guide to the likely nature and origins of the surface degradation experienced in use, though care must be exercised in choosing the most suitable parameters for the axes of the plot. Laboratory testing of materials and simulations of machine contacts are carried out for a number of purposes; at one level for the very practical aims of ranking candidate materials or surface hardening treatments in order of their wear resistance, or in an attempt to predict wear lives under field conditions. More fundamentally, tests may be aimed at elucidating the essential physical mechanisms of surface damage and loss, with the longer term aim of building an analytical and predictive model of the wear process itself. In many cases, component surface damage is brought about by the ingress of hard, particulate matter into machine bearing or sealing clearances. These may be running dry although, more usually, a lubricant or service fluid is present at the interface. A number of standardised wear test geometries and procedures have been established for both two- and three-body wear situations, and these are briefly described. Although abrasive wear is often modelled as following an ‚Archard’︁ equation (i.e. a linear increase in material loss with both load and time, and an inverse dependence on specimen hardness) both industrial experience and laboratory tests of particularly lubricated contacts show that this is not always the case: increasing the hardness differential in an abrasively contaminated lubricated pair may not always reduce the rate of damage to the harder surface.     

ANGULAR DISTORTION ALLOWABLE VALUE AND ASSESS METHOD OF WELD ON COKE TOWER

A graph as the new engineering method for estimate the safety of bulging deformation of coke tower is proposed. Through stresses analysis of circumferential weld of coke tower and comparing the stresses produced by pressure with heat stress of steady state, residual stress, bending stress produced by both itself weight and wind loads, it showed that the stresses produced by pressure on the angle distortion are the main factor of equivalent stress of the combined stress. After comparing four kinds of stress controlling conditions, the relation to stress with depth of angular distortion, grade of curvature of angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been inferred. Graph of deformation allowable value of coke tower for different condition by angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been plotted. The five steps for its engineering use have been explained. The lighter the grade of curvature is, the larger of bulge allowance, may be, and the bigger of depth of angular distortion may pose too. For the coke tower with a popular structure of Dg 5 400 mm×28 mm, the result by graph is nearly more than the result of two formulas formed by other research, the error is less than 7.0%. But, the graph can be easily applied to different size of angular distortion.