共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 88 毫秒
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气隙式膜蒸馏传递过程的研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
本文用气隙式膜蒸馏装置测定了膜两侧流体的温度、流量及料液浓度对膜蒸馏通量的影响,并从理论上描述了传热、传质过程,建立了可以预测膜蒸馏过程渗透通量的数学模型.实验结果与模型预测吻合较好. 相似文献
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利用自制中空纤维气隙式多效膜蒸馏组件进行了多效膜蒸馏过程浓缩稀硫酸和磷酸溶液的研究, 考察了膜入口温度、料液进口浓度和料液流量对渗透通量和造水比的影响。结果表明,膜入口温度升高时渗透通量和造水比增加;料液流量增加,渗透通量增加,而造水比随之降低;料液酸浓度增加,渗透通量和造水比均随之下降,且硫酸的影响更为显著。实验过程中渗透通量和造水比最高可达5.3 L/(m2·h)和11.5。在适当的操作条件下,该过程可将质量分数(下同)为2%的稀硫酸或稀磷酸溶液浓缩至40%以上,且渗透液最大的电导率仍小于200 μS/cm。以10%的硫酸溶液为料液,利用2个不同的膜组件进行了持续30 d的多效膜蒸馏过程稳定性实验研究,实验期间所用膜组件操作性能没有明显下降,没有观察到膜渗漏现象。 相似文献
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在室温下,葡萄糖溶液的水分活度与果汁的水分活度相当,本研究以葡萄糖溶液为果汁模拟液进行了OD浓缩的试验研究,分析了盐溶液的浓度、进料液的浓度、流速等条件对OD膜通量的影响,并在此基础上进行了OD浓缩澄清橙汁的可行性研究,证明OD可在室温下将8.8°Brix的澄清橙汁浓缩至63°Brix。 相似文献
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渗透蒸馏的传质过程及应用 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
采用聚丙烯微孔滤膜,研究了渗透蒸馏的质量传递机理。改变盐浓度、盐的种类及操作条件,结果表明,纯水渗透通量与盐溶液浓度成线性关系,但不同种类的盐具有不同的渗透蒸馏性能。本文还用该技术对黑米液进行浓缩处理,浓缩液比重能上升到1.2g/cm^3,完全能满足浓缩要求,只是膜的使用学有待进一步提高。 相似文献
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渗透蒸馏的特点及其工业应用 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
渗透蒸馏是建立在渗透与蒸馏基础之上的一种新型膜分离技术 ,本文对渗透蒸馏过程 ,渗透蒸馏的特点 ,渗透蒸馏在食品、医药、生化中的应用作以综述。 相似文献
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This paper presents the results of studies of mass and heat transfer mechanisms in the osmotic distillation process. These results have allowed the establishment of a transfer model to predict production data (water flux and juice concentration) using various operating parameters. Also, the similarities and the differences between the osmotic distillation and the membrane distillation processes are discussed. 相似文献
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由于吸收膜蒸馏系统的进料液和吸收液的温度非常接近甚至相同,其传热过程无相变热损失,有可能实现能耗较低的膜蒸馏过程,本文尝试开展吸收膜蒸馏法海水淡化研究。首先分别以葡萄糖水溶液和氯化钙水溶液为吸收液进行吸收膜蒸馏海水淡化实验,结果表明氯化钙吸收液时的膜通量明显高于葡萄糖吸收液时的膜通量。其次建立了吸收膜蒸馏过程的质量和热量传递模型,并对模型进行了计算,模型计算值与实验值非常接近。最后对葡萄糖水溶液和氯化钙水溶液分别作吸收液时对传质系数和极化现象的影响进行了计算分析,结果显示,氯化钙水溶液作吸收液时传质系数约为葡萄糖水溶液的1.7倍;且极化现象造成的蒸气压力差减小的值为后者的1/4左右。 相似文献
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Membranes prepared from polymeric alloys of polyphosphonates and acetyl cellulose are highly permeable to benzene and the cyclohexene, but practically impermeable to the aliphatic hydrocarbons cyclohexane and decalin. Pervaporation and osmotic distillation techniques were used in order to achieve separation of the benzene–cyclohexane mixtures. The flux of the permeate increases sharply with increasing temperature, concentration of benzene in the feed solution, and fraction of polyphosphonate in the membrane. The increase of permeate flux is accompanied by a slight decrease of the separation factors. The permeation characteristics of the membranes were compared with those predicted from the results of sorption experiments. The agreement between the observed and the predicted fluxes and separation factors indicates that the permeation mechanism can be described in terms of molecular diffusion. The high selectivity of the membranes makes possible the development of a novel “osmotic distillation” technique. Such a technique, which combines osmotic permeation of organic liquids with conventional distillation, may be advantageous in the separations of azeotropic mixtures. 相似文献
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《分离科学与技术》2012,47(15):3813-3825
Abstract Suppression of osmotic distillation of water is important for the commercial scale application of gas membranes. We have equalized the water vapor pressure on either side of the membrane by increasing the temperature of the stream with the lower water vapor pressure. The experimentally determined temperature gradient is many times larger than predicted from water vapor pressure–temperature data. The larger temperature gradient may be explained by considering the heat flux across the membrane. The economic viability of adjusting the temperature of the feed and strip streams to suppresses water vapor transport depends on the additional energy costs involved. 相似文献