脉冲电沉积WC-Co-Ni镀层的制备及性能的研究

目的采用脉冲电沉积的方法制备碳化钨-钴-镍(WC-Co-Ni)纳米晶复合镀层。方法通过XRD,SEM,EDS和硬度分析等手段对镀层的结构、表面形貌、元素成分、显微硬度进行测试,最后采用浸泡实验的方法对WC-Co-Ni纳米晶复合镀层和304不锈钢在5% H₂SO₄溶液进行腐蚀速率计算。结果结果表明：当脉冲参数为阴极电流密度5A/dm₂,脉冲占空比50%,脉冲频率2000Hz时,施镀时间2h,制备的WC-Co-Ni复合镀层为纳米晶结构,WC-Co纳米颗粒起到了促进形核作用,晶粒尺寸大多分布在20nm左右;WC-Co纳米颗对镀层起到弥散强化作用,使复合镀层的显微硬度为600HV,高于传统的不锈钢材料(210HV);浸泡试验结果表明,WC-Co-Ni复合镀层的耐蚀性优于304不锈钢,温度由20℃～80℃,复合镀层腐蚀速率变化缓慢,20℃腐蚀速率仅为0.4192mm/a,80℃也低于20mm/a。镀层表面平整、光亮无裂纹.结论镀层由立方晶型的Ni,六方结构的WC和立方晶型的Co组成,WC-Co颗粒均匀弥散在纳米晶Ni镀层内并且镍、钨、碳与钴的原子重量百分比为6:2:1:1。     

文摘辑要

高频脉冲复合电镀（Ni-Co）-SiC复合镀层的耐蚀性研究 用高频脉冲复合电镀方法制备了（Ni-Co）-SiC复合镀层。研究了脉冲频率对镀层硬度及耐蚀性的影响。结果表明：随着脉冲频率的增加,复合镀层表面更加致密、均匀,硬度提高。在3.5%NaCl溶液和15%H2SO4溶液中,（Ni—Co）-SiC复合镀层的自腐蚀电位均发生正移,腐蚀失重速率变慢。与Ni-Co合金镀层相比,复合镀层具有较高的硬度和耐蚀性。     

脉冲电沉积纳米晶Ni-Co合金镀层腐蚀特性研究

采用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱分析(EDS)等方法研究了脉冲电沉积法制各纳米晶Ni和纳米晶Ni-Co合金镀层的组织结构、表面形貌和成分.用浸泡法和电化学极化法研究了纳米晶Ni和不同Co含量的纳米晶Ni-C0合金镀层在3.5%NaCl(质量分数,下同)和5%HCl溶液中的腐蚀行为.结果表明:通过脉冲电沉积法制各的Ni和Ni-Co合金镀层具有典型的纳米晶结构; 随着含Co量的增加,镀层的晶粒尺寸减小,硬度增加;所制备的纳米晶Ni-Co合金镀层组织结构均匀致密,其在3.5%NaCl溶液和5%HCl溶液中的耐蚀性均优于纳米晶Ni镀层;纳米晶Ni-Co合金镀层在3.5%NaCl溶液的浸泡腐蚀中腐蚀极少,表现出优异的耐腐蚀性能,而在5%HCl溶液中的腐蚀形态则为均匀腐蚀.     

电沉积Ni/WC-Co纳米复合镀层制备及腐蚀性能研究

利用直流电沉积方法将WC-Co双纳米颗粒和Ni复合镀于黄铜基体,采用XRD和SEM表征复合镀层相组成和表面形貌,用显微硬度计测定其硬度并用电化学方法评估镀层的耐蚀性.结果表明,与纯Ni镀层相比,纳米复合镀层中Ni平均晶粒尺寸略有降低,约为18 nm;显微硬度提高58%,约为HV 500.在3.5%NaCl溶液中纯Ni镀层自腐蚀电流密度和自腐蚀电位分别为1.467μA/cm2和-0.179 V,纳米复合镀层则分别为8.369μA/cm2和-0.265 V.Ni/WC-Co纳米复合镀层的硬度显著提高,但其耐蚀性降低.     

占空比对高频脉冲电沉积( Ni-Co) / 纳米 Al2O3复合镀层的影响

采用高频脉冲电沉积法制备(Ni-Co)/纳米Al2O3复合镀层,研究了占空比对复合镀层沉积速率、成分、形貌及表面显微硬度的影响。结果表明:随着占空比由0.3提高至0.5,复合镀层的沉积速率增加,晶粒尺寸变大,表面变粗糙,并且Co含量降低,Ni含量增加,纳米Al2O3颗粒含量变化不明显,Co含量的降低导致硬度降低。     

纳米晶Co-Ni-Fe合金镀层在3.5%NaCl溶液中的腐蚀特性

利用脉冲电沉积技术制备纳米晶Co-Ni-Fe合金镀层。用EDS、XRD、TEM和SEM等手段分析纳米晶镀层的成分、微观组织结构和表面形貌。用电化学极化方法研究镀层中Co含量和退火温度对纳米晶Co-Ni-Fe合金镀层在3.5%(质量分数,下同)NaCl溶液中腐蚀行为的影响。结果表明,纳米晶Co-Ni-Fe合金镀层的晶体结构为单一面心立方结构,其晶粒尺寸随镀层Co含量的增加而减小。镀层的晶粒尺寸随退火温度的升高而增大,并呈现强的(111)织构。纳米晶镀层的腐蚀速率随Co含量的增加先下降而后上升。退火可明显降低纳米晶镀层的腐蚀速率。纳米晶与粗晶Co-Ni-Fe合金镀层经电化学腐蚀后呈现出完全不同的腐蚀形貌。     

纳米晶Co-Ni-Fe合金镀层在3.5%NaCl溶液中的腐蚀特性

利用脉冲电沉积技术制备纳米晶Co-Ni-Fe合金镀层。用EDS、XRD、TEM和SEM等手段分析纳米晶镀层的成分、微观组织结构和表面形貌。用电化学极化方法研究镀层中Co含量和退火温度对纳米晶Co-Ni-Fe合金镀层在3.5%（质量分数,下同）NaCl溶液中腐蚀行为的影响。结果表明,纳米晶Co-Ni-Fe合金镀层的晶体结构为单一面心立方结构,其晶粒尺寸随镀层Co含量的增加而减小。镀层的晶粒尺寸随退火温度的升高而增大,并呈现强的（111）织构。纳米晶镀层的腐蚀速率随Co含量的增加先下降而后上升。退火可明显降低纳米晶镀层的腐蚀速率。纳米晶与粗晶Co-Ni-Fe合金镀层经电化学腐蚀后呈现出完全不同的腐蚀形貌。     

稀土-Ni-W-P-SiC脉冲复合镀层的耐蚀性研究

采用腐蚀溶液浸泡、绘制阳极极化曲线和中性盐雾试验三种方法研究了稀土(RE)-Ni-W-P-SiC脉冲复合镀层的耐蚀性.结果表明:无论是在镀态条件下还是在400℃热处理条件下,脉冲RE-Ni-W-P-SiC镀层在各腐蚀溶液中的耐蚀性均优于相应的直流镀层,更优于不锈钢(1Cr18Ni9Ti);镀层在HCl、H2SO4、H3PO4溶液中的腐蚀速率都比较低,而镀层在FeCl3溶液中的腐蚀速率远大于前三者;脉冲频率f=33Hz,占空比r=0.6时获得的镀层具有较好的耐腐蚀性.表面形貌分析表明稀土-Ni-W-P-SiC脉冲镀层比其直流镀层平整细腻;相结构分析表明脉冲镀层经400℃热处理后非晶态减少并产生Ni3P新相.     

电沉积纳米晶Ni-Co-Fe合金镀层的热稳定性

用脉冲电沉积方法制备表面平整光亮的纳米晶Ni-Co-Fe合金镀层.采用XRD、TEM、EDS、DSC和显微硬度计分别研究纳米晶Ni-Co-Fe合金镀层的微观结构、化学成分、热稳定性及其硬度.结果表明:纳米晶Ni-Co-Fe合金镀层的晶体结构为单相的面心立方结构,其晶粒尺寸随镀层Co含量的增加而减小;合金镀层的显微硬度随退火温度的升高而提高,在300～375℃时达最大值,存在明显的退火再强化,之后,随着退火温度的继续升高明显下降;当镀层在低于375℃退火时,晶粒长大速度较慢;而当镀层在高于450℃退火时,晶粒迅速长大,并呈现较强的(111)织构.升温速率为20℃/min时,纳米晶Ni-Co-Fe合金镀层的DSC结果显示,晶粒长大的峰值温度随镀层Co含量的增加而升高.由Kissinger方程求得纳米晶Ni-Co-Fe合金的晶粒长大激活能随镀层Co含量的增加而增大.     

电刷镀Ni／n-SiO2复合镀层的形貌及摩擦学性能研究

利用脉冲换向电刷镀方法制得了Ni／n—SiO2复合镀层，并对镀层进行了表面形貌观察和分析，测试了镀层的摩擦学性能，与直流工艺条件下的快镍镀层和Ni／n—SiO2复合镀层相比，采用脉冲换向电刷镀工艺得到的Ni／n—SiO2复合镀层，由于脉冲换向电流的细晶强化作用和纳米颗粒的弥散强化作用，镀层致密、晶粒团尺寸细小、硬度高、摩擦系数低，因此耐磨性能更好。     

Electrodeposition and corrosion resistance of Ni–P–TiN composite coating on AZ91D magnesium alloy

In order to improve the corrosion resistance and microhardness of AZ91D magnesium alloy, TiN nanoparticles were added to fabricate Ni–P–TiN composite coating by electrodeposition. The surface, cross-section morphology and composition were examined using SEM, EDS and XRD, and the corrosion resistance was checked by electrochemical technology. The results indicate that TiN nanoparticles were doped successfully in the Ni–P matrix after a series of complex pretreatments including activation, zinc immersion and pre-electroplating, which enhances the stability of magnesium alloy in electrolyte and the adhesion between magnesium alloy and composite coating. The microhardness of the Ni–P coating increases dramatically by adding TiN nanoparticles and subsequent heat treatment. The corrosion experimental results indicate that the corrosion resistance of Ni–P–TiN composite coating is much higher than that of uncoated AZ91D magnesium alloy and similar with Ni–P coating in short immersion time. However, TiN nanoparticles play a significant role in long-term corrosion resistance of composite coatings.     

Microstructure and Corrosion Behavior of Electrodeposited Ni-Co-ZrC Coatings

In this present work, ZrC particles incorporated Ni-Co composite coatings were electrodeposited. The objective of this article is to study the influence of Co content on the microstructure and properties of Ni-Co-ZrC coatings. Pure Ni and Ni-ZrC coatings have also been electrodeposited for comparison. Surface morphology, chemical composition, microstructure, and microhardness of Ni-Co-ZrC coatings were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectrometer, x-ray diffractometer, and Vicker microhardness tester. The potentiodynamic polarization technique was applied to measure the corrosion behavior of the coatings. By increasing Co concentration in electrolyte, Co content of the coatings was modified from 0 to 80 wt.% and ZrC particles content of the coatings was reduced. As the Co content increased, the dominant phase structure was changed from face centered cubic to hexagonal close packed crystal structure. Surface morphology of the Ni-Co-ZrC coatings was changed from nodular to sharp corner structure, and finally branched morphology with increasing Co content of the coating. Among the electrodeposited coatings, Ni-Co-ZrC coating with 42 wt.% Co content exhibited the highest microhardness. The corrosion potential of the coating was shifted to more positive with increasing the Co content from 0 to 64 wt.%. The lowest corrosion rate of 4.507 × 10^?7 g·h^?1·cm^?2 was found for Ni-Co-ZrC coating at the Co content of 75 wt.%.     

纳米TiN粒子在Ni-TiN复合镀层中的作用研究

通过对超声-电沉积Ni-TiN复合镀层的研究,探讨了纳米TiN粒子对Ni-TiN复合镀层的表面形貌、成分、硬度、耐磨性能以及耐腐蚀性能的影响.结果表明,含有纳米TiN粒子的Ni-TiN复合镀层,不仅具有细密的显微结构,而且表现出优良的性能,如较高的硬度以及良好的耐磨性能和耐腐蚀性能.Ni-TiN复合镀层的磨损量大约为纯镍镀层的1/5,其平均腐蚀速率为纯镍镀层的1/3左右,20钢的1/5.     

Microstructure,tribological behavior and magnetic properties of Fe−Ni−TiO2 composite coatings synthesized via pulse frequency variation

The Fe−Ni−TiO₂ nanocomposite coatings were electrodeposited by pulse frequency variation. The results showed that the nanocomposite with a very dense coating surface and a nanocrystalline structure was produced at higher frequencies. By increasing the pulse frequency from 10 to 500 Hz, the iron and TiO₂ nanoparticles contentswere increased in expense of nickel content. XRD patterns showed that by increasing the frequency to 500 Hz, an enhancement ofBCC phase was observed and the grain size of deposits was reduced to 35 nm. The microhardness and the surface roughness were increased to 647 HV and 125 nm at 500 Hz due to the grain size reduction and higher incorporation of TiO₂ nanoparticles into the Fe−Ni matrix (5.13 wt.%). Moreover, the friction coefficient and wear rate values were decreased by increasing the pulse frequency;while the saturation magnetization and coercivity values of the composite deposits were increased.     

Microstructure and properties of nanocrystalline nickel coatings prepared by pulse jet electrodeposition

The fabrication of nanocrystalline nickel coatings was conducted by pulse jet electrodeposition on the substrate of 45# carbon steel. The effects of average current density on the surface morphology, microstructure, average grain size and microhardness of nickel coatings were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and microhardness measurement. In addition, the corrosion resistances of coating and substrate were compared. It is revealed that the nickel coatings prepared by pulse jet electrodeposition exhibit a fine-grained structure with a smooth surface and a high density, although some pores and defects are still present in coatings. With the increase of average current density, the average grain size of nickel coatings is reduced at first and then increased. The coating with the optimum compactness, the smallest average grain size (13.7 nm) and the highest microhardness are obtained at current density of 39.8 A/dm2. The corrosion resistance is obviously increased for the coatings prepared by pulse jet electrodeposition; however, the corrosion rate is increased after a certain period due to the penetration of the corrosive media.     

304不锈钢TIG熔覆钴合金涂层的耐空蚀性能

采用TIG（钨极惰性气体保护焊）熔覆方法,在304不锈钢表面制成了钴合金涂层,以目前水轮机过流部件常用材料304不锈钢作为对比材料,对涂层和304不锈钢基体进行了空蚀试验.通过光学显微镜（OM）、X射线衍射仪（XRD）、扫描电镜（SEM）及显微硬度测量等手段研究了涂层的组织形态和耐空蚀性能并分析了原因.结果表明,显微硬...     

Friction and wear behavior of laser cladded WC-Co and Ni/WC-Co deposits at high temperature

This research investigates the wear performance of WC-12Co and electroless Ni/WC-Co deposits at high temperature. Dry sliding wear experiments were carried out for coated and uncoated steel substrate against alumina pin. The microstructure and wear performance of laser-cladded WC-Co and Ni/WC-Co were characterized by X-ray diffraction pattern (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) techniques. The mass reduction, friction coefficient, and wear rate of Ni/WC-Co deposits were measured and found to be significantly lower than WC-Co coatings. Due to the presence of Ni coating around the particle of the Ni/WC-Co coating, it showed a lower microhardness, more homogeneous microstructure, and a higher wear performance compared to WC-Co coating. The results of this paper indicated that the dominant mechanisms in wearing distance were adhesive, abrasive, and pulling out from the particles.     

超声波-双脉冲电沉积法制备Ni-CeO2纳米复合镀层

利用超声波高频振荡效应与双脉冲电源特性电沉积法制备Ni-CeO2稀土纳米复合镀层。利用环境扫描电镜(E-SEM)及透射电子显微镜(TEM),分别对镀层的微观形貌与晶粒结构进行分析表征。分析时效热处理和纳米稀土CeO2掺杂对晶体结构转变、显微硬度、热裂纹产生与扩展机理的影响。研究表明:由于纳米尺度稀土颗粒"抢占"Ni晶粒长大的空间,限制其粗大,生成组织致密且具有非晶态结构的合金镀层;复合沉积的稀土能钉扎愈合开裂的大晶界;纳米稀土颗粒填充晶界间隙等并有效地阻止裂纹源的萌生与扩展;经过500℃×2 h效热处理后,形成NiCexO1-x(0相似文献   

热镀锌沉没辊的耐锌腐蚀失效过程

采用超音速火焰喷涂技术在316L不锈钢基体上制备WC-12Co涂层,并测试其在430℃锌液中的耐腐蚀性,分析沉没辊的腐蚀机理以及失效过程。采用SEM、EDS和XRD分析了腐蚀前、后涂层表面显微结构、化学成分及其相组成的变化。结果表明,WC-12Co粒子之间通过高速碰撞发生强烈的塑性变形而结合在一起,涂层内部致密性很好,喷涂过程中没发生明显氧化现象;涂层的显微硬度平均为1 215HV0.2,结合强度达到85MPa;无涂层试样在腐蚀59h后直径减少20%;经过10天的浸锌试验后,涂层开始产生均匀性腐蚀,涂层中的Co基体受液锌腐蚀生成Co5Zn21化合物,涂层开始遭到破坏;经过15天浸锌试验后,部分锌液穿过涂层与基体中的Fe化合生成FeZn13(即锌渣),涂层局部开始脱落,涂层失效开始。     

添加不同稀土元素对固体包埋法在 304 不锈钢表面制备 Ti / Cr-RE 双层涂层电化学性能的影响

目的选择合适的稀土制备Ti/Cr-RE双层涂层,提高不锈钢的耐腐蚀性能。方法采用两步粉末包埋法,先在304不锈钢表面渗Ti,再制备稀土改性Cr涂层,获得Ti/Cr-RE双层涂层。通过添加不同的稀土氧化物Y2O3和Ce O2,获得两种双层涂层,对比分析涂层的表面形貌、断面形貌及物相组成,利用电化学测试方法测定304不锈钢基体及两种Ti/Cr-RE双层涂层在3.5%(质量分数)Na Cl溶液中的电化学腐蚀性能。结果添加不同稀土元素钇、铈,都能在渗Ti不锈钢表面形成一层致密、连续的稀土改性渗铬层。在两种稀土元素改性的Cr涂层中,稀土元素分别与Cr,Fe,Ni,Ti形成了金属间化合物。304不锈钢基体的自腐蚀电位为-0.324 V,腐蚀电流密度为0.1363μA/cm2;钇改性铬涂层的自腐蚀电位为-0.341 V,腐蚀电流密度为0.2058μA/cm2;铈改性铬涂层则具有更高的自腐蚀电位(-0.263 V)及更低的腐蚀电流密度(0.030 86μA/cm2)。结论钇改性铬涂层不能提高304不锈钢基体的耐腐蚀性能,铈改性铬涂层可以明显提高基体的耐腐蚀性能。