双材料界面裂纹应力强度因子计算

建立不同裂纹长度的双材料界面裂纹模型,用有限元软件计算和分析界面裂纹尖端附近的应力场和位移场.利用裂尖前沿应力和裂纹面相对位移分别计算了界面裂纹尖端的应力强度因子K,两种方法计算的K值完全吻合.通过数值分析,给出一种计算双材料界面裂纹应力强度因子K的经验公式.     

电磁复合材料中圆弧形界面导电刚性线尖端应力强度研究

研究无穷远处反平面力载荷和平面电磁载荷作用下,电磁智能材料中圆弧形界面导电刚性线尖端应力强度问题。运用复变函数方法,得到该问题的一般解;并得到界面上只有一条刚性线时的封闭形式解,求解基体及夹杂区域复势函数、刚性线尖端的应力、电位移和磁感应强度因子。对于压电基体和压磁夹杂情况下,详细讨论刚性线长度以及无穷远处载荷对刚性线尖端应力强度因子的影响规律。当同时加载力电磁载荷时,刚性线尖端的应力、电位移和磁感应强度因子依赖于复合材料的有效材料常数。     

纵向剪切问题中圆边界上分叉裂纹的应力强度因子

采用位错配置法,研究弹性纵向剪切情况下圆边界上的分叉裂纹问题.在给出无限大域中点位错复势的基础上引入补充项,以满足圆边界自由的条件,得到圆边界上分叉裂纹问题的基本解.再由裂纹边界条件,建立奇异积分方程.然后利用半开型数值积分公式,把奇异积分方程化为代数方程,通过数值计算,直接得到裂纹端的应力强度因子值.这是一种解析数值相结合求解应力强度因子的方法,充分利用解析方法精度高和数值方法适用性广的特点,各裂纹位置可以是任意的.特例的计算结果和保角变换结果是一致的.文中算例给出远处作用纵向载荷时圆孔边缘上分叉裂纹的若干应力强度因子,以及圆柱边上作用纵向集中力时柱边缘处分叉裂纹的若干应力强度因子,讨论裂纹各分支之间的相互影响,所得的图表可以应用于工程实际.     

物性参数对非均匀界面裂纹应力强度因子的影响

建立了含非均匀界面层的三区双界面裂纹力学模型并使用了一种工程可设计的功能梯度物性参数变化的函数,系统的研究了均匀材料区域的弹性模量比和非均匀参数对界面裂纹尖端应力强度因子的影响规律,并且使用有限单元法计算界面裂纹的应力强度因子,通过计算发现,界面层非均匀参数和均匀材料的弹性模量比对非均匀界面层与均匀材料之间上的界面裂纹尖端的应力强度因子,有着重要的影响。主要规律表现如下:Ⅰ型应力强度因子占主导;弹性模量比大于1时,B1点处Ⅰ型应力强度因子与非均匀参数成非线性关系且存在极值点,该极值点随着弹性模量比的增加而较小,B2点处Ⅰ型应力强度因子随着非均匀参数的增加而增加;弹性模量比小于1时,界面处的Ⅰ型应力强度因子随着非均匀性参数的增大而减小,随弹性模量比的增大而增加,以上规律有利于工程设计来提高界面裂纹的抗断性。     

两种材料的性质对双材料界面裂纹能量释放率及应力强度因子的影响

在实际工程中,结构往往是由多种材料构成,而裂纹经常在两种材料的界面上扩展.针对双材料界面裂纹,建立相应的计算模型.用能量释放率来描述裂纹的扩展情况,并根据界面裂纹能量释放率解析计算方法对不同的材料性质、外荷载、构件厚度,以及裂纹两侧不同的材料宽度对裂纹扩展时的能量释放率和应力强度因子进行仿真分析,得到了能量释放率和两种材料的弹性模量、外荷载及构件厚度之间的关系变化的曲线,以及裂纹两侧不同的材料宽度和应力强度因子之间的关系.并对界面裂纹和单一材料裂纹的情况进行分析、比较.     

管道穿透斜裂纹应力强度因子计算

裂纹是引起管道开裂失效的主要原因,裂纹尖端应力强度因子是表征裂纹应力场强度的主要物理量,也是对管道进行安全评估时的主要依据之一,但管道不同于平板,有曲率影响,因此基于平板推导出来的裂纹尖端应力强度因子公式必须进行修正。为了准确计算管道上斜裂纹应力强度因子,建立了不同管道直径、不同裂纹倾角以及不同裂纹长度下的管道穿透斜裂纹有限元模型,并计算了裂纹尖端应力强度因子,在无限大板中心斜裂纹应力强度因子计算公式基础上,修正得到了管道穿透斜裂纹应力强度因子计算公式,这对于含裂纹管道安全评定有重要参考价值。     

双材料平面斜裂纹问题超奇异积分方程方法

由双材料平面问题的弹性力学基本解,应用互等功定律和坐标变换,得到双材料平面任意斜裂纹问题位移场及应力分量表达式,经代入裂纹岸应力边界条件,获得以裂纹岸位移间断作为基本未知量的超奇异积分方程组;通过适当的积分变换,用有限部积分原理处理超奇异积分,建立该问题的相应数值算法。文中对任意位置的裂纹问题进行计算,并较为系统地分析界面对裂纹应力强度因子的影响,当裂纹垂直或平行于双材料界面时,计算结果与已有结果一致。     

弯曲载荷下管道环焊缝裂纹应力强度因子评价模型及试验验证

裂纹缺陷是众多环焊缝缺陷中危险性最大的缺陷之一。油气管道在经过地质条件较差的区域时，当遭遇自然灾害，管道除内压作用外，还会承受额外的弯曲载荷，由此引起的大跨度管道弯曲变形容易引起环焊缝裂纹扩展，导致管道破裂。基于大量环焊缝裂纹有限元数据，拟合出了裂纹尖端应力强度因子的工程评估公式。按照子模型分析方法可以快速获得有限元结果数据且能保证精度，是一种高效获取全尺寸弯曲管道中裂纹应力强度因子拟合数据的方法。结合API 579中提供的环向裂纹应力强度因子理论公式，对应力强度因子计算公式进行了拟合，裂纹尺寸范围为0.03   

带内表面裂纹的组合厚壁筒装配应力强度因子研究

由于过盈配合组合厚壁筒内会产生装配应力。文中用权函数方法导出组合厚壁筒带半椭圆形表面裂纹的内壁在装配应力下的应力强度因子公式。这些公式可用于计算组合厚壁筒在不同裂纹深度、形状和不同材料、过盈量、尺寸情况下的应力强度因子。研究装配应力强度因子随表面裂纹深度和形状的变化规律。     

压电双材料反平面问题的界面裂纹分析

文中研究了压电双材料在反平面载荷和平面内电载荷共同作用下的电弹场，运用边界配置法求解xoy平面为各向同性面的压电双材料在2种加载情况下的应力强度因子和能量释放率，并根据界面应力强度因子和能量释放率数值计算方法分析了材料尺寸比例、电位移D0、弹性模量、配点数及幂级数项数对应力强度因子和能量释放率的影响，得到了相应的关系变化曲线图。结果表明：在裂尖处应力具有1/2阶的奇异性；材料厚度越小裂纹长度越长，应力强度因子和能量释放率越大；能量释放率随材料弹性模量的增大而减小；配点数和幂级数项数对应力强度因子和能量释放率的影响不大，但随着配点数和幂级数项数增多数值趋于稳定，且更接近真实值。当配点数在35时，应力强度因子和能量释放率都趋于稳定，而幂级数项数分别在35、22时应力强度因子和能量释放率趋于稳定；当应力强度因子和能量释放率与外加电位移在加载情况不同时，有不同的曲线关系；该方法能够方便地计算多种加载情况下压电双材料裂尖的应力强度因子和能量释放率，能反映压电双材料的界面损伤特性，有利于压电智能结构在各行业应用推广。     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.     

Application of Feature Extraction through Convolution Neural Networks and SVM Classifier for Robust Grading of Apples

This paper proposes a novel grading method of apples,in an automated grading device that uses convolutional neural networks to extract the size,color,texture,an...     

分布动态载荷识别的抗噪处理

针对正交多项式频域法在用多种响应对矩形薄板进行载荷识别中抗噪性较差的问题,综合运用平均法、矩阵预处理和奇异值截断法等方法对之进行改善,并引入空间映射的思想,将该方法的应用范围拓展为复杂的模型.利用仿真算例,证实了该方法具有较好的抗噪性.     

Short-Term Relay Quality Prediction Algorithm Based on Long and Short-Term Memory

The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar...     

End-to-End Multiview Gesture Recognition for Autonomous Car Parking System

The use of hand gestures can be the most intuitive human-machine interaction medium.The early approaches for hand gesture recognition used device-based methods....     

基于MELTAC-N平台的核电厂安全级DCS环网研究与测试

针对工程实践中环网通讯相关问题的处理缺乏理论基础及国产化安全级DCS平台的开发缺乏成熟经验借鉴问题,对基于MELTAC-N平台核电厂安全级DCS环网的软硬件实现进行了研究。提出了安全级DCS环网双环网冗余设计、光切换开关设计等硬件设计方法,以及以RPR协议为基础,采用全数据收发策略的软件设计方法。在CPR1000安全级DCS平台上对安全级DCS环网的可靠性及实时性进行了评价,并进行了容错能力、响应时间及响应时间稳定性测试验证实验。结果表明,基于MELTAC-N平台安全级DCS环网软硬件设计具有较好的容错能力及响应时间稳定性。     

The laboratory simulation of abrasive wear

Abrasive wear has long been recognised as one of the most potentially serious tribological problems facing the operators of many types of plant and machinery; several industrial surveys have indicated that wear by abrasion can be responsible for more than 50% of unscheduled machine and plant stoppages. Locating the operating point of a tribological contact in an appropriate operational ‚map’︁ can provide a useful guide to the likely nature and origins of the surface degradation experienced in use, though care must be exercised in choosing the most suitable parameters for the axes of the plot. Laboratory testing of materials and simulations of machine contacts are carried out for a number of purposes; at one level for the very practical aims of ranking candidate materials or surface hardening treatments in order of their wear resistance, or in an attempt to predict wear lives under field conditions. More fundamentally, tests may be aimed at elucidating the essential physical mechanisms of surface damage and loss, with the longer term aim of building an analytical and predictive model of the wear process itself. In many cases, component surface damage is brought about by the ingress of hard, particulate matter into machine bearing or sealing clearances. These may be running dry although, more usually, a lubricant or service fluid is present at the interface. A number of standardised wear test geometries and procedures have been established for both two- and three-body wear situations, and these are briefly described. Although abrasive wear is often modelled as following an ‚Archard’︁ equation (i.e. a linear increase in material loss with both load and time, and an inverse dependence on specimen hardness) both industrial experience and laboratory tests of particularly lubricated contacts show that this is not always the case: increasing the hardness differential in an abrasively contaminated lubricated pair may not always reduce the rate of damage to the harder surface.     

ANGULAR DISTORTION ALLOWABLE VALUE AND ASSESS METHOD OF WELD ON COKE TOWER

A graph as the new engineering method for estimate the safety of bulging deformation of coke tower is proposed. Through stresses analysis of circumferential weld of coke tower and comparing the stresses produced by pressure with heat stress of steady state, residual stress, bending stress produced by both itself weight and wind loads, it showed that the stresses produced by pressure on the angle distortion are the main factor of equivalent stress of the combined stress. After comparing four kinds of stress controlling conditions, the relation to stress with depth of angular distortion, grade of curvature of angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been inferred. Graph of deformation allowable value of coke tower for different condition by angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been plotted. The five steps for its engineering use have been explained. The lighter the grade of curvature is, the larger of bulge allowance, may be, and the bigger of depth of angular distortion may pose too. For the coke tower with a popular structure of Dg 5 400 mm×28 mm, the result by graph is nearly more than the result of two formulas formed by other research, the error is less than 7.0%. But, the graph can be easily applied to different size of angular distortion.