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为得到高断裂强度的聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)纤维,在后处理过程中利用拉伸产生的残余应力对其进行定长处理实验。探究了该处理过程中最优的工艺条件参数,并利用热分析法、红外光谱法、X射线衍射法和应力拉伸实验等测试手段对纤维的晶体结构、晶区取向、晶粒尺寸、结晶度和力学性能进行测试与分析。结果表明:在残余应力作用的后处理过程中,PVDF发生了α晶型向β晶型的进一步转变,β晶型的含量从74.6%增加到88.7%;结晶度从49.4%增加到52.3%;晶区的取向程度提高,取向因子从0.793 2增加到0.833 4;纤维的断裂强度提升明显,特别在60 °C的水浴下处理3h 时,断裂强度可达到最大值633 MPa,相比未处理前提高了70 MPa。 相似文献
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为织造在特殊环境中具有耐久性的纺织品,以聚全氟乙丙烯(FEP)纤维为原料,经加捻、合股工艺制备FEP纱线,通过半自动织布机织造出幅宽为250 mm、厚度为0.51 mm的FEP平纹织物。借助电子拉力试验机、动态接触角测定仪、织物透气量仪、织物透湿量仪、织物耐磨仪、紫外冷凝老化试验箱、差示扫描量热分析仪、X射线衍射仪、傅里叶红外光谱仪等对FEP纱线及其织物性能进行分析表征。结果表明:FEP纱线力学性能优良且具有疏水性;FEP织物具有较好力学性能,耐高温且耐化学试剂、耐老化性能优异,经酸碱、有机溶剂处理后织物的热性能、结晶结构、化学结构及力学性能均未发生明显变化;经紫外光辐照处理,织物力学性能未发生明显变化,表明FEP织物可适用于特殊环境。 相似文献
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为提高碳基复合材料的力学性能,采用高硅氧玻璃纤维改性酚醛泡沫,通过发泡法制备碳基复合材料前驱体,并对其进行碳化得到多孔碳基复合材料.利用悬臂梁冲击试验机、微机控制电子万能试验机对该多孔碳基复合材料的力学性能进行表征,研究高硅氧玻璃纤维的质量分数、长度及纤维直径对多孔碳基复合材料力学性能的影响.结果表明,纤维直径为6.5μm的玻璃纤维增强效果最明显,且当玻璃纤维质量分数为6%,纤维长度为6mm时,碳基复合材料的力学性能最优,此时复合材料压缩强度为0.36MPa,冲击强度为1.43kJ/m~2,弯曲强度为0.47MPa. 相似文献
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牛奶纤维拉伸性能理论模型的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
文章探讨了牛奶纤维拉伸性能的理论数学模型,对牛奶纤维的力学性能进行了模拟,利用4元件非线性粘弹模型对其应力应变关系进行了分析和计算,结果表明,理论和实测结果符合得很好.该模型对于预测纤维的拉伸性能具有理论指导意义.另外,文章还对牛奶纤维干湿条件下的断裂强力和断裂伸长率进行了对比,其在干态下的力学性能优于湿态下的力学性能. 相似文献
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聚苯硫醚纤维表面的空气等离子体改性探讨 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
采用空气辉光等离子体技术对聚苯硫醚(PPS)纤维进行表面改性,利用SEM探讨了改性前后纤维表面形态的变化。实验发现通过等离子体处理后,纤维表面摩擦系数、断裂强度、断裂伸长率以及润湿性等性能都有了明显变化。 相似文献
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Multiwalled carbon nanotubes were grafted to ramie fiber through a silane coupling agent, and its effect on the mechanical and interfacial properties of ramie/epoxy composite was studied. The properties of the grafted fiber were compared with untreated, alkali-treated, and silane-treated fibers. The scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analyses revealed the grafted multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) particles on the ramie fiber. The mechanical and thermo-mechanical properties of the composite prepared by vacuum-assisted resin infusion process were significantly enhanced. The observed results suggest the interface was successfully modified by MWCNT, and the bonding between the fiber and epoxy matrix was enhanced significantly. 相似文献
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采用DSC、WAXD 和声速等方法对物质的量比约为90∶10 的乙交酯2L2丙交酯共聚物(PGLA910) 纤维非晶区取向函数的表征进行了研究。纤维经拉伸和充分的热定型,其DSC 和WAXD 的结果表明,PGLA910 中只有PGA 部分发生了结晶。通过测定结晶度为5 %~30 %的纤维声速,计算出声模量,按照聚合物纤维两相模型得出PGLA910的晶区和非晶区特征横向模量分别为E0t , c = 9135 GPa , E0t , am = 3. 21 GPa。根据此特征值,计算出不同样品的非晶区取向函数。对不同拉伸工艺条件下7 种样品的热收缩测定发现,纤维的非晶区取向函数与热收缩率之间有较好的线性关系,证实了该方法是可靠的。 相似文献
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本文对聚醚醚酮(PEEK)纤维及其织物的应用性能进行了广泛研究。结果表明,所得PEEK纤维的断裂强度为6.6 cN/dtex,断裂伸长率为12.6 %,回潮率为2.19 %,其织物平均耐磨次数为6785次;经过270 ℃下50天的热老化,PEEK纤维变黄发硬,尺寸变化率为-9.9 %,但纤维和织物的断裂强力能保持80 %左右;通过IR、XRD和DSC等仪器分析发现,PEEK纤维老化前后力学性能、颜色等的改变,主要是由链段的解取向及少量的断裂、支化、交联引起的,结晶度大幅增加和结晶更加完善是其强力仍能保持在较高水平的原因。 相似文献
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用3种不同的化学处理剂,碱、KMnO4和A-151硅烷偶联剂分别对黄麻纤维针刺毡表面进行处理,采用真空辅助树脂传递模塑法制备黄麻纤维毡增强乙烯基酯树脂复合材料。借助动态接触角分析了黄麻纤维的表面能变化,并通过SEM观察了纤维表面和复合材料的拉伸断裂面。研究结果表明:经表面处理后,黄麻纤维表面能有所降低,纤维表面的微观结构发生变化,纤维与树脂的界面相容性得到改善,综合力学性能提高。经A-151硅烷偶联剂处理后,复合材料的力学性能提高最为显著,拉伸强度和弯曲强度分别提高了51.38%和77.46%。 相似文献
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The addition of nanofillers in high-performance reinforcement results in the formation of hybrid composites. The objective of this research is to determine the effect of silica nanofillers loading on the mechanical properties of Kevlar/epoxy composites for ballistic use. Produced hybrid composite laminates were tested for flexural properties, tensile Properties and impact energy absorption. DMA analyses were performed to investigate composite properties at elevated temperatures. It was observed that introduction of silica nanofillers enhanced flexural properties, tensile strength, and storage modulus of composites. Impact energy absorption was increased up to a specific extent of nanofiller addition. The findings of this study indicate that introduction of silica nanofillers on Kevlar fabrics is a promising method for enhancing mechanical properties of hybrid composite laminates. 相似文献
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ABSTRACTBanana short fiber/Al(OH)3/epoxy composite laminates were prepared by dispersing short banana fiber and Al(OH)3 particulates in an epoxy matrix and investigated for their specific wear rate, water intake, flammability and mechanical properties. The sliding wear results showed that due to the synergistic effect of both fiber and filler in epoxy matrix enhanced the wear resistant in the composites. Similarly, the tensile stress and hardness improved significantly due to the addition of banana fiber in the composite material. Also, it is found that the composite becomes more fire resistant due to the addition of Al(OH)3. However, the higher percentage of fiber and filler increases the water absorption rate due to voids in the composite. The results of this study provide the insights of solid–solid interface leading to different bulk properties. 相似文献
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The effect of alkali treatment on the jute fabrics and its influence on jute composites properties has been studied. The plain woven jute fabrics were manufactured using handloom. The alkali treatment was optimized using Box and Benkhen experimental design using time, temperature and concentration as independent variables and water absorbency, weight loss percentage as dependent variables. The fabric treated with optimized condition of 5% NaOH for 4 h at 30 °C was made into a composite of [0°]4 lay-up sequence by means of compression moulding technique using vinyl ester resin. The composites were characterized for various mechanical properties such as tensile, flexural and impact strength. It is observed from the results that the alkali-treated samples show increased mechanical properties of the composites which may be due to the better adhesion between the fabric and the resin because of the removal of lignin and hemicellulose. 相似文献
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为了改善涤纶纤维分子缺乏亲水基团亲水性能差的问题,文章采用等离子体和硅烷偶联剂对其进行复合改性,并对涤纶试样的表面微观形貌、表面接触角、质量变化、单丝强度、官能团等进行测试和分析。结果表明:等离子体处理可以显著改善涤纶的表面亲水性,表面接触角相比无处理之前降低58.5°,但在存放过程中涤纶纤维表面的极性基团变少,表面接触角逐渐增大;经等离子体和硅烷偶联剂复合改性后,表面接触角降低46.3°,维持在85.7°左右。这些改性方式均使涤纶表面亲和作用提升,浸润性得到改善,同时对涤纶纤维质量和单丝强度的影响都很小。 相似文献