亚麻纤维的改性及染色性能的研究

以亚硫酸氢钠溶液对经高碘酸钠氧化处理的亚麻纤维进行磺化改性,并采用阳离子染料进行染色.考查了氧化条件对织物醛基含量和断裂强力的影响;分析了亚硫酸氢钠质量浓度、处理时间、反应温度等因素对磺化效果的影响;并借助红外光谱对氧化亚麻织物与磺化亚麻纤维进行表征.通过对磺化亚麻织物染色性能的研究,不但确定了亚麻织物氧化和磺化的最佳工艺,而且用阳离子染料对磺化亚麻织物进行染色,上染百分率较高、染色牢度良好、匀染性和染透性好.     

紫外光引发丙烯酰胺接枝亚麻织物的性能

采用紫外光引发的方法在亚麻纤维表面接枝丙烯酰胺,探讨接枝前后亚麻织物的染色性能及物理力学性能的变化.试验结果表明:接枝后的亚麻织物经活性红S-3BF染色后的染色深度明显提高,染色牢度良好,但直接耐晒枣红染色时效果不明显;处理织物的断裂强力和断裂伸长率增加,而刚柔性和透气性有所降低;接枝率在9%以内对刚柔性和透气性影响较小.     

An Economical Dyeing Process for Cotton and Wool Fabrics and Improvement their Antibacterial Properties and UV protection

Environmental, economic concerns, and prolonged human exposure to solar ultraviolet radiation have created an increasing demand for natural dyestuff. A study on the cotton and wool fabrics functionality to achieve UV protection and antibacterial properties was carried out by aqueous extract of barberry roots and red onion skin as the natural dyes. The alkaloid berberine extracted from the fruits of Berberis vulgaris and flavonoids and anthocyanin from red onion skin (Alliumcepa L) are natural dyes with antibacterial activity, UV protection and available as waste materials. The properties of dyed wool and cotton fabrics with these two natural dyes and two dyeing methods (exhaustion and ultrasonic) such as their color fastness, color intensity, and antibacterial efficacy ultraviolet protection factor (UPF) were investigated in this research. The results confirmed that the high level of antibacterial activity and (UPF) values of dyed wool fabrics with barberry roots and red onion skin and they are more than the dyed cotton fabrics in the same condition and has better result with the ultrasonic method. So by combining two dyestuff and ultrasonic method, on cotton dyeing, the level of antibacterial activity and UPF value increased.     

UV protection properties of silk fabric dyed with eucalyptus leaf extract

A natural dye extracted from eucalyptus leaves was applied to a silk fabric using two padding techniques, namely the pad‐batch and pad‐dry techniques, under different conditions. It was observed that with an increase in the dye concentration, the ultraviolet (UV) protection factor (UPF) values ranged between good and excellent for the silk fabric. In addition, a darker colour, such as that provided by a FeSO₄ mordant, gave better protection because of higher UV absorption. A silk fabric dyed in a solution containing the eucalyptus leaf extract showed a shade of pale yellowish‐brown. The exception was when the fabric was dyed with the FeSO₄ mordant, resulting in a shade of dark greyish‐brown. The colour fastness to washing and rubbing of the silk fabrics treated with the mordant after dyeing was investigated and the results showed good fastness, whereas colour fastness to light was at a fair level. The results confirmed that natural dyes from eucalyptus leaf extract with metal mordants have potential applications in fabric dyeing and in producing UV‐protective silk fabrics.     

Eco-Friendly Dyeing of Silk and Cotton Textiles Using Combination of Three Natural Colorants

Silk and cotton fabrics were dyed with combination of three colorants extracted from Acacia catechu (AC), Alkanna tinctoria (AT), and Curcuma Longa (CL) in nine different formulations at 80°C by exhaustion method without mordanting. Dyed samples were evaluated for color value and washing fastness. The biodegradability of dye bath effluent was assessed by measuring the pH, TDS and COD of the residual dye bath liquor. It is inferred that the final color of dyed fabrics from each formulation is governed by the dominant natural dye in the dyeing combination. K/S values inferred that the exhaustion of natural dye is higher in silk fabric than cotton fabric in all formulations. It could be concluded that in the dyeing combination, colorant that have very good affinity towards the functional groups of fibers, itself acts as mordant for other natural colorants.     

棉织物柿漆染色工艺及性能

柿漆作为天然染料,其染色织物具有防水防腐的优点。以赋予棉织物抗菌性和紫外防护性能为目的,采用柿漆对棉织物进行直接染色处理。利用扫描电子显微镜观察棉织物的表观形态,PhabrOmeter织物手感评价测试仪测定织物风格,得到染色棉织物存在硬化问题;探究染色次数和染液浓度对棉织物K/S值、增重率和缩率的影响。通过正交试验设计优化染色工艺,测定染色棉织物的抗菌性能、接触角、紫外线防护性能、色牢度以及风格评价,分析柿漆染色对棉织物性能的影响。结果表明:适宜的染色时间为15 min,柿漆稀释浓度为1∶4,染色次数为8次,染色棉织物色牢度良好,且具有较佳的疏水性能、抗菌性能和抗紫外性能,硬挺度增加。     

染色工艺对亚麻织物染色性能的影响

为了解不同染色工艺对亚麻织物染色性能的影响,探讨了浸染、轧—烘—焙、轧—烘—轧—蒸以及冷轧堆4种染色工艺对活性染料上染亚麻织物时的提升性能、K/S值、牢度以及染透性的影响。3种轧染工艺相比较,用轧—烘—轧—蒸工艺染色后织物的K/S值最大,轧—烘—焙工艺K/S值最小;用轧—烘—焙工艺染色的亚麻织物有明显环染现象,其它染色工艺的染透性良好;不同染色方法对亚麻织物的色牢度影响不大。     

Laccase-catalyzed in-situ dyeing of wool fabric

Compared to the traditional dyeing processes using synthetic dyes, biological dyeing method has a bright future in the textile industry due to their advantages of environmentally-friendly and milder processing conditions. Biological dyeing involves the catalysis of phenolic monomers by oxidoreductases, such as laccase, to form the colorful polymers used for dyeing. In this study, wool fabrics were treated with laccase/phenol via a one- or two-step treatment, and polymers synthesized in-situ were used to dye wool fabrics. The K/S values of the wool fabrics were evaluated under different treatment conditions, including the dosages of laccase and dye precursor, temperature, pH, mediator type, and mechanical agitation. The surface of wool fibers was examined using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results showed that the dyeing effect of the wool fabric samples using the single step processing method of in-situ color synthesis and fabric dyeing was better than those dyed using the two-step methods of color synthesis and fabric dyeing under the same conditions. The color depth of the dyed wool fabrics increased gradually with increasing concentration of laccase, and also depended on other process parameters, such as dosage of catechol, temperature, and pH. Moreover, addition of mediators and adjustment of mechanical agitation also improved the color depth of the wool fabrics which were dyed in-situ.     

Effect of plasma treatment and grafting of β-cyclodextrin on color properties of wool fabric dyed with Shrimp shell extract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of low temperature plasma (LTP) treatment and grafting of beta-cyclodextrin (β-CD) on dyeing and fastness properties of wool fabrics using natural dye extracted from shrimp shell. Aluminum sulfate, iron sulfate, tin chloride, copper sulfate, and sodium dichromate were used as mordant and the dyeing of samples was conducted after the pre-mordanting process. Scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used to study the morphological and chemical changes of the fibers. Also, the antimicrobial properties of fabrics were quantitatively evaluated against Staphylococcus aureus according to AATCC 100-1993 test method. The results showed using of sodium dichromate as mordant could be attained to green shade after dyeing fabrics. The color difference and color strength of samples were improved by increasing the sodium dichromate concentration and β-CD in the after-treatment process. FTIR analysis indicated a significant increase in the absorption peak of hydroxyl group after grafting of β-CD on LTP-treated samples. Antimicrobial results of samples indicated that LTP-treated fabric demonstrated no antimicrobial behavior, while the dyed and β-CD-grafted sample possessed significant reduction in the number of bacteria. Moreover, the β-CD-treated samples showed very good to excellent light and washing fastness properties.     

阳离子染料对阴离子改性的亚麻纤维染色热力学的研究

以亚硫酸氢钠溶液对经高碘酸钠氧化处理的亚麻纤维进行阴离子改性,将改性后的亚麻纤维用阳离子染料进行染色。通过对吸附等温线的绘制、染色饱和值和染色亲和力的计算研究了改性亚麻纤维染色的热力学机理。结果表明：阳离子染料对阴离子改性的亚麻纤维上染的吸附等温线与朗缪尔吸附等温线特征相符,佐证了具有磺酸基的改性亚麻纤维与阳离子染料之间发生了静电吸附,改性后的亚麻纤维上磺酸基的数目的多少也可以通过染色饱和值近似反映出来。与此同时,染色后的改性亚麻织物具有良好的匀染性和染色牢度,从而开辟了亚麻纤维的阳离子染料染色的新工艺,增加了亚麻产品的颜色鲜艳度,具有广阔的发展前景,从实践和理论两方面证明了阳离子染料对改性亚麻纤维染色的可行性。     

Cotton fabric dyeability assessment of floral extracts obtained from binary mixtures of Callistemon citrinus and Tagetes erecta L

Parameters affecting extraction of natural colorants from five binary mixtures of floral parts of Callistemon citrinus and Tagetes erecta L., like ratio of each flower in the binary mixture of powdered floral parts, amount of powdered binary mixture to liquor ratio and extraction time, were optimized for dyeing of cotton fabric. Optimum dyeing was obtained at 60°C with 70 g/L exhausting agent (Na₂SO₄), material to liquor ratio of 1:50 along with dyeing time of 100 min. The dyed fabric revealed good anti-bacterial activity and excellent ultraviolet protection factor (UPF).     

壳聚糖在纺织品染整加工中的应用

介绍了壳聚糖在纺织品染色及防皱、抗静电、抗菌等功能性整理方面的应用与研究情况。棉织物和真丝织物用直接染料染色前、羊毛织物用酸性和活性染料染色前或用媒介染料染色中、涤棉和人棉织物染色前用壳聚糖处理均能提高染料上染率。经壳聚糖处理后 ,涤纶织物抗静电效果显著 ,亚麻织物、棉织物和真丝织物的弹性回复角均有提高 ,各种织物的抗菌效果明显。     

涤纶织物的天然茜草染料染色

采用明矾、硫酸亚铁、硫酸铁三种媒染剂,使用天然茜草染料对涤纶织物进行染色。结果表明,同浴媒染法染得的涤纶织物颜色最深,同时得到最优化的染色工艺为:Al^3+、Fe^2+、Fe^3媒染剂质量分数分别为0.5%(omf).2.5%(omf)、0.5%(omf),染液pH值为3,染色温度为135℃,染色时间为50min。     

Wool and silk dyeing with the stem and leaves extract of anise北大核心

Extracted from the stems and leaves of anise can be used as natural dyes in fabric dyeing and can obtained good results. In this paper, pre-mordant staining, first with 2% (owf), of the metal mordant alum, copper sulfate, ferrous sulfate, potassium dichromate, stannous chloride and tin chloride on wool and silk fabrics were processed, then used 5% (owf) of the extract of stems and leaf stained and evaluate dyed fabrics with K/S value, dyeing rate and color fastness. Experimental results showed that the K/S values of wool fabric was higher than the silk, and the natural dye was more suitable for wool fabric dyeing.     

Use of Viburnum Opulus L.(Caprifoliaceae) in Dyeing and Antibacterial Finishing of Cotton

ABSTRACT

It is known that use of chemicals can cause different problems to human health and environment. Therefore, studies to find alternative chemical free finishing processes in textile are now interesting topics. In the light of this, it was tried to minimize chemical uses for antibacterial finishing of cotton by using plant sources “cranberry fruit” and “cranberry fruit branch extract” in dyeing processes. The dyeing experiments were carried out at two different temperatures for different durations. Then, the samples were analyzed in terms of K/S, CIE L*a*b*C* and h° values, light fastness, washing fastness, and antibacterial efficiencies. Consequently, it was found that the two natural dye sources could color the cotton-knitted fabrics, and in general, the washing fastness of dyed samples with both natural dye sources was good, but light fastness values were limited and in dyeing processes by using cranberry fruit branch extract it was poor. Moreover, it was seen that among the tested plantal sources, good antibacterial efficiency against the tested bacteria were obtained with the use of cranberry fruit juice in dyeing processes at low temperature and for lower durations.     

天然茶叶染料的提取及在真丝织物上的应用

采用提取的天然茶叶染料对真丝绸织物的染色性能进行研究,通过正交试验及单因素分析,探讨了染色温度、pH值、保温时间及不同媒染剂的影响,得出茶叶染真丝织物最佳工艺条件,并对染色的各项牢度指标作了比较。结果表明,在浴比1∶20、沸煮、弱酸（pH=4～5）条件下,采用铜离子后媒法染色60min得到的真丝织物具有良好的得色量和染...     

紫外光接枝丙烯酸亚麻织物的服用性能

为改善亚麻织物的染色性能,采用紫外光接枝丙烯酸对亚麻织物进行改性。研究紫外光接枝丙烯酸对亚麻织物的染色性能、拉伸性能、硬挺度和透气性的影响。采用扫描电镜(SEM)和X射线衍射(XRD)表征手段对紫外光接枝亚麻织物服用性能的变化进行分析。结果表明:紫外光接枝丙烯酸亚麻织物的上染率和染色深度有明显提高,拉伸性能提高,硬挺度增大,透气性降低;接枝率增加,上染率和色差值ΔE逐渐增加,接枝率达8%左右时,可获得良好的染色效果;但接枝率增加,硬挺度增大,透气性降低。SEM照片显示出亚麻织物经紫外光接枝丙烯酸后表面出现覆盖物和纤维间的粘连。XRD分析表明紫外光接枝后的亚麻织物结晶度降低。     

Fungal dyes for textile applications: testing of industrial conditions for wool fabrics dyeing

Natural dyes and pigments have been proposed as an eco-friendly alternative to artificial pigments. Among the diverse organisms able to synthesize natural dyes and pigments, several wood inhabiting fungi produce extracellular compounds which have been tested to dye fabrics at laboratory conditions with good results. However, the dyeing conditions used at laboratory level not necessary meet the real conditions in which dyeing of fabrics is conducted at industrial level. In this work, yellow and red dyes producing fungi, Penicillium murcianum and Talaromyces australis, respectively, were isolated from wood samples and used to dye wool fabrics at conditions of temperature, pH, additives, and equipment similar to those used at industrial level. After dyeing treatments, color fastness to washing, wet and dry rubbing, and tensile strength were tested. Satisfactory results were found when the dyes were used individually and mixed to different proportions. According to the results, natural dyes synthesized by these two wood inhabiting fungi have great potential to be used for dyeing of wool at industrial level.     

防紫外整理对真丝绸染色性能的影响

采用整理剂吸收法对真丝织物进行防紫外整理。通过比较整理前后织物的K／S值、上染率及染色牢度等,探讨防紫外整理对真丝织物染色性能的影响,进而说明自制的紫外吸收剂WZ－1、WZ－2对真丝织物具有良好的防老化效果。     

羊毛织物的京尼平苷酸染色性能

研究了天然环烯醚萜类染料京尼平苷酸在羊毛织物上的染色性能.利用UV-vis分析了整个反应过程,探讨了染色机理,确定了染色的最佳工艺条件,并测试了染色后羊毛织物的色牢度和抗菌性能.其染色机理为京尼平苷酸经酶水解得到的京尼平苷酸苷元与蛋白质纤维中的氨基发生呈色反应,京尼平苷酸苷元对羊毛织物直接染色的效果很好,在pH为7.5...