Reuniting the psychic couple in analytic training and practice: Theoretical reflections.

The author discusses the problematic dichotomy that has evolved between "paternal" and "maternal" approaches enacted in psychoanalytic training and practice. He argues that this dichotomy stems not only from reasoned theoretical debate, but also from the need for analysts to do further emotional work in reuniting the 'primal psychic couple' and integrating the "law of the father" with the 'love of the mother.' Because much of this work is done unconsciously, it is further discussed in terms of a collaboration between the conscious ego and the 'Unconscious Other,' and contextualized by examining how the concept of the "unconscious" has evolved from a 'seething cauldron of impulses' that must be tamed, to an "organ of perception" from which much can be learned. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

New age,new steel

Baosteel,which has just recovered from the global economic downturn,is deeply aware of the need for reforms,even revolutions,in the development of the steel industry."Green"steel is an ultimate goal for Baosteel to fulfill its social responsibilities.Learning from its long-term business operation and market competition,Baosteel has chosen technological innovation and built a low-carbon road to achieve"green"steel.It has also raised three tasks of"environmental operation"and endeavors to incorporate"environmental operation"into normal business operation,reestablishing its value system based on costs and lifecycles,reducing pressure on the environment and butiding a brand new role for iron and steel.     

Pulse stream VLSI circuits and systems: the EPSILON neural network chipset

An analogue CMOS VLSI neural processing chip has been designed and fabricated. The device employs "pulse-stream" neural state signalling and is capable of computing some 360 million synaptic connections per second. In addition to basic characterisation results, the performance of the chip in solving "real-world" problems is also demonstrated. The experience gained from the development of this device has resulted in the design of a second "pulse-stream" chip with improved performance and features. It is anticipated that this second device will be integrated into a standard bus-based system and find early application in robotic control.     

New age,new steel

Baosteel,which has just recovered from the global economic downturn,is deeply aware of the need for reforms,even revolutions,in the development of the steel industry."Green" steel is an ultimate goal for Baosteel to fulfill its social responsibilities.Learning from its long-term business operation and market competition,Baosteel has chosen technological innovation and built a low-carbon road to achieve "green" steel.It has also raised three tasks of "environmental operation" and endeavors to incorporate "environmental operation" into normal business operation,reestablishing its value system based on costs and lifecycles,reducing pressure on the environment and building a brand new role for iron and steel.     

A process conception of psychotherapy.

"Individuals move… not from a fixity or homeostasis through change to a new fixity, though such a process is indeed possible. But much the more significant continuum is from fixity to changingness, from rigid structure to flow, from stasis to process." The intent of the paper is to consider "the process of psychotherapy, or the process by which personality change takes place." 7 stages of the process are outlined. "The process involves a loosening of feelings. From feelings which are unrecognized, unowned, unexpressed, the client moves toward a flow in which ever-changing feelings are experienced in the moment, knowingly and acceptingly, and may be accurately expressed." Many aspects of the process are discussed. In the course of psychotherapy the individual "has changed; but, what seems more significant, he has become an integrated process of changingness." (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Theories of vigilance.

The inhibition hypothesis of vigilance, derived from the classical conditioning model, has too many weaknesses for an adequate theory. The "attention" hypothesis is too loosely stated to provide an acceptable model of vigilance behavior. Similarly the "expectancy" hypothesis lacks precision, but it has served to stimulate a number of experiments. A physiological model, labeled the activationist hypothesis, has so far only been useful in after-the-fact explanation. This hypothesis does offer some potentially important clues, but there is a need to coordinate the physiological components with the molar concepts. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Position of the operative team during laparotomy cholecystectomy. Looking for the optimal perspective

BACKGROUND: Surgeon's position during open cholecystectomy operation has been standardized since more than 100 years, being traditionally fixed at the right side of the patient. Only a few French authors adopted the "left location" just for the time requested for the common bile duct exploration. METHODS: In this paper a critical evaluation of the optimal visual angle of the Calot's triangle elements is carried out. Laparoscopic experience has taught to those who practice it to forcefully adopt the "left position" thus approaching the anatomic structures from an internal-external point of view (opposite to the usual one). The authors have compared, on the basis of videotaped material, the "right" approach (adopted in conventional open surgery) and the "left" approach (coming from the laparoscopic experience). RESULTS: From the comparative evaluation performed, a conclusion comes out that the left position allows a more accurate observation of the triangle of Calot and a more precise estimate of the "safe limit" from the hepatic artery and the common bile duct. Moreover it is observed that from this point of view the gallbladder infundibulum does not obstruct the vision of the hylus which is best evaluated in his third dimension thus attributing to each structure the right plane. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion from the data obtained in this paper the authors suggest to adopt the "left position" to approach the gallbladder surgery, particularly in the hylar dissecting phase.     

Phosphoglycerate kinase from young and old Turbatrix aceti

Phosphoglycerate kinase (ATP:3-phospho-D-glycerate-1-phosphotransferase, EC 2.7.2.3) from young and old Turbatrix aceti has been purified to homogeneity. The "old" enzyme exhibits a marked reduction in specific activity both in crude homogenates and in pure form when compared to preparations from young nematodes. The specific activities for pure "young" and "old" enzymes are 650-750 and 300-400 units/mg, respectively. All other properties of "young" and "old" enzymes were nearly identical, including molecular weight (43 000), Km, behavior on columns, thermal stability and mobility during gel electrophoresis at three pH values. The results are discussed in terms of the possible mechanism of formation of "altered" enzymes. In addition, certain properteis of the nematode phosphoglycerate kinase are compared with those of the enzyme from yeast and rabbit muscle.     

Public relations—for what?

There is "increasing evidence of hostility to psychology that has appeared in the last few years. This hostility has cropped up often enough now so that it cannot be ignored." Some of this hostility has come from medical groups, some from labor unions, some from people in the commercial field, some from "our humanistic colleagues." Courses of the aroused hostility are discussed. The author is "not convinced that a little knowledge of psychology spread widely will alter very much the important forces influencing social change… . Psychology as an institution, as exemplified by our state and national associations, ought to confine itself to public relations at the level of the policy makers, and not try to become a large-scale educational enterprise." (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Retention of raw data: A problem revisited.

Requested raw data from a sample of authors in 1 issue of 4 psychological journals which vary from "hard" to "soft" scientific methodology in the articles published. Despite differences between the authors in the "hard" and "soft" journals, replies indicate that at present there is a greater tendency toward sharing data than has been reported previously. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

The process of mental health consultation: A systematic look within the context of community psychology.

The process of mental health consultation has been generally defined in terms of the techniques which the psychologist uses, "the how" of the consultant's role. The content, "the what" of this process is now being considered. The issues raised are partly based on the analysis of all consultation - contacts (N-56) collected during the first nine operational months of a project serving a sample population previously not reached by traditional clinical settings. Specifically this paper discusses the way in which a record-keeping method, devised specifically to account for "what" happens during a consultation, yields findings clarifying, complementing and at times diverging from what has been impressionistically reported to be content of the consultation process: a focus on psychopathology and intrapsychic conflicts of the consultee's charges. This pilot project in its attempt to systematically record all consultant's activities, has methodological implications for valid functional definitions of the mental health consultant within the context of community psychology. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

The morphological mechanism of the development of myosatellitocytes from the structural elements of the muscle fiber during increased functional activity of the skeletal muscles

Under increased muscular activity in some muscular fibers disintegration areas of myofibrillar apparatus has been revealed. Migration of myonuclei into these microregions starts the mechanism of their segregation due to plasmolemma produced from the reticulum sarcoplasmaticum and triad systems surface. After plasmolemma production in "sarcocytes" intensive development and differentiation of organellae occur. As a result of differentiation "sarcocytes" transform in to myosatellitocytes of type-2 and migrate under lamina externa muscular fibers. So, a hypothesis about formation of myogenic tissue's cellular phase from the myosymplastic one has been confirmed.     

Philosophical embarrassments of psychology.

Philosophers "can fulfill a useful auxiliary role… in collaborating with productive scientists… as critics and catalysts." Theories "so conceived as to be irrefutable by any sort of evidence" constitute a methodological embarrassment for psychology. "The quest for certainty, the craving for infallibility, has produced the embarrassments of emptiness and circularity." The "most painful philosophical embarrassment of psychology" is "the definition of its very subject matter… . The embarrassment of unanswerable questions can be avoided if we do not introduce absolutely unconfirmable entities into our theories." In theory construction psychology's embarrassment is a methodological one. "The time has come to emancipate ourselves from the radical empiricism of the operationists and the behaviorists. A more liberal view of the nature of scientific theory will help us more adequately and clearly to assign to psychology its proper place in the uniting sciences and to remove many of the philosophical embarrassments that have stood in the way of scientific progress." (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Modeling fracture in a restricted impact I. Individual fracture of particles

Conclusions Experiments have demonstrated that the characteristic fracture time for a planetarycentrifugal mill is 1–3 sec. It is noteworthy that this time has been found to depend on the nature of the material and that therefore the effectiveness of impacts in a mill varies. The form of the fracture function has been determined for model substances and found to be fairly narrow, with its center at m/m' 0.5. The number of fragments forming as a result of milling has been examined from the point of view of the theory of brittle fracture. There exists a critical size below which particles split into halves.Translated from Poroshkovaya Metallurgiya, No. 7(331), pp. 1–5, July, 1990.     

The hospitalized child with asthma

The recent cloning of receptors for calcitonin (CT) and parathyroid hormone (PTH)/parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP) has enabled very rapid progress in understanding the molecular and cell biology of these receptors. In particular, much has been learnt about the tissue distribution of these receptors, as well as their mode of interaction with ligands, signal transduction and regulation of expression. The conventional view of these hormone-receptors systems as "calciotropic" has been broadened by recent work showing important developmental roles. Isoforms of the CT receptor (CTR), with interesting functional differences, have been identified and a new form of the PTH receptor, highly specific for PTH, has been cloned. Investigation of the homologous regulation of the CTR in osteoclasts by CT treatment of mouse marrow cultures, has shown that continuous exposure to CT results in formation of resorption competent, CTR-deficient osteoclasts. Treatment of mature osteoclasts causes a rapid and prolonged decrease in CTR mRNA levels, reflected in a loss of cell surface CTR. Since these cells regain resorption competence, the data support the concept that the clinical phenomenon of "escape" from the hypocalcemic action of CT results from a loss of CT sensitivity by osteoclasts to the hormone.     

Closure of cleft palate in adult patients, using a forearm flap with microvascular radial artery II

A clinical report on the utilization of the so called "Chinese Flap" first published in 1981 is presented by the authors. The basic principle of this method is the following: After closing the soft palate in three layers, a mucoperiosteal flap has been prepared from the palatal mucosa and rotated into the nasal cavity so to close nasally the defect in one layer. Than a pediculated fasciocutaneous flap containing both the radial artery and the two comitantes veins prepared from the forearm was sutured to the defect. The a radialis and the v. comitantes running forward and downward between the two layers of the soft palate passing the mandibular ramus and descending through a tunnel leading to the submandibular region were joined to the facial artery and veins and an anastomosis was established. The clinical experience with the "Chinese Flap" procedure showed good results. This method has been used in 12 cases so far and only one out of the 12 failed due to blood vessel developmental abnormalities.     

Maximizing aesthetics of debilitated maxillary central incisors: a clinical case

With the advent of true "adhesive dentistry," practitioners have at their disposal new multi-purpose adhesive agents which bond to most dental substrates. These new adhesives have a high affinity for roughened or "microetched" surfaces, penetrating and wetting the surfaces to increase the bonding strength. The improved adhesion has altered treatment plans from previous years and has enabled clinicians to practice more constructive dentistry and replace only defective or missing tooth structure. The objective of this article is to present a case report to illustrate the utilization of one of the new bonding agents in an especially difficult clinical situation.     

The distirubtion of active genes (globin) and inactive genes (keratin) in fractionated chicken erythroid chromatin

Repeatable fractionation of sheared chromatin from purified populations of chicken erythroid cells has been achieved, based on the Bio-Gel procedure of Janowski et al. ((1972) Karolinska Symp. 5, 112). For reticulocytes, 3-5% of chromatin DNA is excluded from Bio-Gel A-50 m (peak I) and over 90% elutes in the included volume of the column(peak II). Peak I material has a higher protein/DNA ratio than peak II chromatin and the two fractions have melting profiles characteristic of "active" and "inactive" chromatin, respectively. In cells prelabeled with [3H]uridine or [3H]leucine there was very pronounced preferential association of radioactivity with the "active" peak I chromatin. The distribution of "active" (globin) and "inactive" (keratin) gene sequences in the DNA of fractions from peak I and peak II chromatin was determined with complimentary DNA (cDNA) probes to chicken globin mRNA and chicken feather keratin mRNA. While slight enrichment for globin gene sequences was found in peak I (relative to DNA in these fractions), some 80% of the total globin hybrid formed was found in peak II fractions. Experiments with the keratin cDNA probe showed that these genes were equally distributed in both chromatin fractions rather than being confined to the "inactive" peak II material. The hybridization data in particular question the validity of claims for fractionation of chromatin into "active" and "inactive" material.     

Review of Therapist.

[Correction Notice: An erratum for this article was reported in Vol 23(4) of Psychotherapy: Theory, Research, Practice, Training (see record 2007-12251-001). There was a comment in this book review that requires clarification. The reviewers stated, "The code of ethics of the American Psychological Association explicitly disallows only 'unwanted' therapist-patient sexual contact" (p. 487). However, the reviewers failed to take note of Principle 6(a) which reads, "Sexual intimacies with clients are unethical" (p. 29). The two phrases "physical contacts of a sexual nature" (from Principle 7) and "sexual intimacies" (from Principle 6) suggest a difference in behavior, which may be misleading and confusing to a reader of the code. The reviewers may have pointed out an ambiguity in the code which should be corrected by the APA Ethics committee.] Reviews the book, Therapist by Ellen Plasil (1985). The problem of therapist-patient sex has always plagued the mental health professions. In recent years the issue has been the topic of increasing numbers of mental health field panels, seminars and papers, producing innumerable calls for professional, and sometimes legal, sanctions against offenders. Author Ellen Plasil's revelations of sexual involvement with her therapist will shock few, since periodic stories about such behavior seem to come out in the popular press with increasing regularity. The value of Ms. Plasil's autobiographical tale, however, is that it educates the reader as to how the process of mystification works to mold that relationship; that is, the reader learns from her incredibly detailed accounting of her thoughts how patients can be persuaded to become unquestioning "true believers." (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)