一种纵横窗口关联的多级中值滤波算法

针对传统中值滤波算法不能很好保护图像细节以及受较严重噪声污染时性能急剧下降的情况,提出了一种纵横窗口关联的多级中值滤波算法。算法采用开关策略,判断N×N窗口内像素点。对于噪声点,先求出以该点为中心的纵横2 N个窗口中每个窗口像素点的中值,再计算出这些中值点的中值,以替换噪声点像素值。对于非噪声点,保持原值不变,从而实现了噪声的去除。仿真结果表明,纵横窗口关联的多级中值滤波算法具有较好的细节保护能力和较强的去噪声能力。     

基于System Generator的快速中值滤波算法设计与实现

针对传统中值滤波算法比较运算量大、处理效率低、无法满足实时性的问题,以中值滤波原理为基础,对滤波排序算法和实现方案进行了研究,提出了一种基于System Generator的快速中值滤波算法。该算法通过两次行、列排序将3×3窗口中9个像素取中值简化为3个像素的排序运算,使得单窗口查找中值的比较次数由传统排序算法的36次最少降到了14次。结合System Generator系统建模工具,将处理速度提升到传统方法的近6倍,达到了快速抑制噪声的目的,满足了图像实时处理的要求。     

一种有效的自适应加权中值滤波算法

针对传统中值滤波算法的优缺点,提出了一种基于相似度函数的自适应加权中值滤波算法。该算法首先通过噪声检测确定图像中的噪声点,然后根据窗口内噪声点的个数自适应地调整滤波窗口的尺寸,再根据相似度大小,巧妙地将滤波窗口内各个像素点按一定的规律自适应地分组并赋予每组像素点相应的权重,最后采用加权中值滤波算法对检测出的噪声点进行滤波处理。计算机模拟实验结果表明：该算法既能有效地滤除噪声,又能较好地保护图像细节,滤波性能比传统中值滤波算法更理想。     

一种低资源消耗的中值滤波硬件架构设计

针对传统的中值滤波算法在硬件实现时,在窗口较大的情况下会消耗较多资源的问题,根据位级运算的中值滤波比较算法,设计了一种低硬件资源消耗的基于5×5窗口大小的位级中值滤波硬件架构,并在Xilinx Vivado 2017. 1硬件平台上进行了仿真验证。相比较传统的中值滤波算法的硬件设计,本次硬件架构设计大大减少了硬件资源,且运算速度较快,满足实时性的要求。     

基于ARM架构的中值滤波算法优化

中值滤波是图像处理中降低椒盐噪声的一种有效手段,其核心是计算当前滤波窗口内所有像素的中值。中值滤波具有稳定性,当一幅图像的像素点被改变时,即使改变的值很大,也不会影响中值滤波的计算结果。滤波窗口遍历整幅图像后,就完成了整幅图像的中值滤波计算。中值滤波算法的关键是定义最优中值算法,以在最短的时间内获取中值。对此,提出并实现了自适应中值算法,能够根据滤波窗口半径和数据类型,自动选择性能最佳的中值算法,并使用ARM NEON指令集进行优化加速。实验结果表明,提出的自适应中值滤波算法较OpenCV的中值滤波算法性能有显著提升,平均性能提升了20%。     

一种新型的自适应模糊中值滤波算法

针对传统中值滤波算法不能很好地保护图像细节以及受严重噪声污染时性能急剧下降的情况,提出了一种新型的自适应模糊中值滤波算法。通过比较滤波窗口内像素点的灰度值与像素点灰度值的均值定义了模糊滤波系数,利用此模糊滤波系数对滤波方法进行加权,得到一种加权中值滤波器。通过对小窗口内的灰度值不等于最大灰度值和最小灰度值的像素点的检测自适应调整窗口大小,对超过设定的最大窗口的情况,噪声点的灰度值用四个相邻的已处理的像素点灰度值的均值进行替换。仿真结果表明,新算法具有较好的细节保护能力和较强的去除噪声能力。     

用于图像处理的加权中值滤波算法

提出了一种基于相似度函数的自适应加权中值滤波算法.该方法首先通过噪声检测确定图像中的噪声点,然后根据窗口内噪声点的个数自适应地调整滤波窗口的尺寸,并根据相似度大小,巧妙地将滤波窗口内各个像素点自适应分组并赋予相应的权重,最后对检测出的噪声点进行加权中值滤波.计算机模拟实验结果表明:该算法既能有效地滤除噪声,又能较好地保护图像细节,比标准中值滤波具有更优良的滤波性能.     

改进椒盐去噪方法在井下图像中的应用

为了提高井下图像采集的质量,针对目前改进中值滤波算法的优缺点,提出了一种新的去除井下图像椒盐噪声的算法。该算法首先判断出图像中的噪声点和非噪声点,然后根据窗口内噪声点的密度大小自适应地确定滤波窗口的大小,并按照一定的规律赋予窗口内像素点不同的权重,最后采用加权中值方法处理图像中的噪声点。计算机模拟实验证明该方法不仅能有效地去除不同密度的椒盐噪声,而且能很好地保持图像的细节,滤波效果比已提出的中值滤波算法更好。     

基于DSP Builder的并行中值滤波算法的设计与实现

研究了一种适合采用现场可编程逻辑(FPGA)消除图像随机噪声的算法以及用DSP Builder实现该算法的硬件电路设计.结合FPGA并行计算的特点,采用滑动窗口和模块化设计思想,对常规中值滤波算法的结构进行改进,提高了算法的运算速度,简化硬件结构.通过仿真和FPGA验证结果表明,该算法可以有效消除图像随机噪声,同时处理延时短,可以满足嵌入式系统的实时性要求.     

中子集型自适应中值滤波器

消除脉冲噪声通常采用中值滤波算法。尽管有许多中值滤波方法做了很大改进,但是,在噪声密度较高的情况下,图像滤波的结果仍然不能令人满意,因此,提出了一种新型中值算法。首先对滤波窗口中的像素进行分类,然后确定其中多元素子集的中子集,并且根据多元素子集的个数来决定是进行滤波还是扩大滤波窗口。最后,在仿真中,将该算法分别和几种中值滤波算法在数值和视觉上进行比较,实验结果显示,该算法能够有效地降低脉冲噪声并且保留了原始图像的更多细节。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.