最大奇异值移位的鲁棒图像信息隐藏

为了提高图像信息隐藏的鲁棒性和不可感知性,提出了一种基于图像块最大奇异值移位的鲁棒信息隐藏算法.算法首先对图像分块并对每个图像块进行奇异值分解,根据图像块最大奇异值的大小选择合适的阈值,并对图像块的最大奇异值进行区间划分,通过将最大奇异值移位到与秘密信息比特相对应的区间实现秘密信息的嵌入.实验结果表明,该算法具有较大的嵌入容量,且在嵌入相同大小的秘密信息时与其他同类算法相比,具有更好的图像视觉质量和鲁棒性.该算法更能适应噪声环境下的信息隐藏.     

平衡多小波视觉密码零水印算法

传统零水印算法构造的水印通常是没有实际意义的二值序列,致使版权辨别不够直观快捷。借鉴视觉密码原理,结合平衡多小波、奇异值分解等技术,提出平衡多小波视觉密码零水印算法。将客户水印作为零水印嵌入到版权图像中,对版权图像进行平衡多小波变换得到实际载体;根据实际载体图像进行块奇异值分解并计算平衡因子得到差值矩阵,由差值矩阵生成过渡矩阵;将过渡矩阵结合2×2视觉秘密图份算法生成图像特征信息;结合图像特征信息和客户水印信息产生零水印。实验结果表明,该算法具有良好的安全性和鲁棒性,是一种可靠的图像版权认证零水印算法。     

基于SVD和EMD-S编码的隐藏算法

数字图像信息隐藏算法要求高的鲁棒性和透明性,通过分析矩阵运算的特征,提出改进的EMD-S算法。将秘密信息通过S盒的压缩变换,嵌入到分解图像的最大奇异值当中。通过实验表明,本文算法能够较好地抵抗JPEG压缩,具有较大的数据嵌入率和较好的鲁棒性。     

基于方向编码的离散余弦变换域图像隐写算法

提出一种基于方向编码的离散余弦变换(DCT)域图像隐写算法。将秘密图像进行8×8块的离散余弦变换后,采用JPEG标准量化表进行量化,将得到的DCT系数做行程编码,间接提高嵌入容量。同时对载体图像进行8×8块的离散余弦变换,采用改进的量化表进行量化,由此提高嵌入容量和含密图像的质量。通过基于方向编码的嵌入算法将秘密信息嵌入载体图像DCT系数的中低频部分。实验结果证明,该隐写算法嵌入容量大,得到的含密图像视觉质量好,可抵抗 分析攻击。     

基于混沌映射和矩阵奇异分解的公开数字水印技术

该文提出了一种基于混沌映射和矩阵奇异分解的公开数字水印技术．利用混沌映射将水印进行预处理,并按水印的大小把原始图像分成若干个子块,每个子块对应于水印的一比特,利用矩阵的奇异分解方法分解每个子块,将水印比特嵌入到子块的某一奇异值位置。修改该奇异值,然后利用矩阵的奇异分解反向变换得到嵌入水印的图像．利用混沌映射结合矩阵奇异分解,将水印信息分散在原始图像的不同位置,提高了水印的视觉效果,保证了水印的安全性。实验结果表明,本方法具有较好的不可见性以及对一般图像处理具有一定程度的鲁棒性。     

基于视觉感知与菱形编码的图像隐写算法

为提供较大的隐写容量和保持良好的载密图像质量,提出一种基于视觉感知和菱形编码的图像隐写算法。根据人类视觉系统,针对人眼对图像的高中低灰度区、纹理区及平滑区的敏感度的不同,在不同区域选择嵌入不同数量的秘密信息;同时为了尽可能减少对图像像素值的改变,采用改进的菱形编码来嵌入秘密信息。实验结果表明,与HVS-OPAP算法相比,该算法图像的嵌入容量提高了4.09%,获取的隐写图像具有更好的不可感知性,同时峰值信噪比平均提高了1.5dB,而且该算法具有抗RS隐写分析能力,安全性更高。     

基于行程编码的二值图像数字隐写算法

针对二值图像仅有两种颜色,对像素修改敏感的特点,提出了一种基于行程编码的二值图像数字隐写算法.将原始图像划分成子块,并以zigzag扫描的顺序对块内像素进行行程编码,通过修改较大的行程来嵌入信息.修改行程时采用行程拆分与合并策略.并考虑对应像素的"可翻转度".同时.秘密信息嵌入时利用纠错码数字隐写的原理,通过使用共享密钥来进一步增强算法的安全性.实验结果表明,该算法不仅具有一定的隐藏容量,而且保证了我密图像质量,并能够较好地保持行程统计特性,从而说明该算法具有较高的安全性.     

结合奇异值分解的小波包图像隐藏

图像隐藏技术的发展为军事隐蔽通信提供了新的实施途径。提出基于奇异值分解和小波包变换的图像隐藏算法,利用小波包变换低频子带抗干扰性强和图像矩阵奇异值的稳定性,对秘密图像做位平面分解并对载体图像做小波包分解,将包含重要信息的位平面隐藏在小波包分解低频系数矩阵的奇异值矩阵中,将包含次要信息的位平面隐藏在熵能量较大的其他剩余子带图像系数矩阵中,次要位平面的隐藏位置根据载体图像的内容自适应确定。实验表明,该算法可实现图像信息的安全隐藏,不仅具有较强的抗几何攻击的能力,且对高斯、剪切和滤波等攻击的鲁棒性也较好,同时具有较好的不可见性,隐藏容量大。     

基于压缩感知和GHM多小波变换的信息隐藏算法

针对基于秘密信息置乱方法等类型的信息隐藏算法不可见性低和抗攻击性弱这一问题,提出了一种基于压缩感知和GHM多小波变换的信息隐藏算法。首先,将载体图像进行一次GHM多小波变换,再对所得到的中间能量区域进行一次小波变换得到HH分量,将HH分量进行奇异值分解;其次,将秘密图像进行小波变换,将得到的小波系数进行压缩感知得到观测矩阵,再对观测矩阵元素进行奇异值分解;最后,利用秘密图像的奇异值替换掉载体图像的奇异值来完成秘密信息的嵌入。实验结果表明,相比两种加密算法,算法不可见性（PSNR值）分别提高5.99%和22.11%;对低通滤波、椒盐噪声、高斯噪声、JPEG压缩等常见攻击具有良好的鲁棒性,相关系数（NC）平均增强了4.11%和11.53%。     

一种基于Slant变换和SVD的稳健性数字水印算法

针对奇异值分解(SVD)存在的虚警错误和水印隐蔽性与鲁棒性的矛盾问题,提出了一种基于Slant变换和SVD的稳健性数字水印算法。对二值水印图像进行Arnold置乱和Logistic映射双因子加密预处理,增强水印信息安全性;将原始载体图像分成8×8不重叠子块分别对其进行Slant变换和块奇异值分解;然后将水印图像SVD后的左奇异矩阵和奇异值矩阵相乘作为水印主成分嵌入到每个子块的最大奇异值中。仿真实验结果表明,该算法不仅有效解决了传统SVD水印算法的虚警问题,提升了运行速度和水印安全性,在具有较好隐蔽性的同时,对JPEG压缩、噪声、滤波、几何攻击等也有较好的稳健性。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

基于QTE的蒙古文显示机制研究与实现

蒙古语言是中国蒙古族使用的通用语言,由于蒙古文区别于其他文字的书写方式和其自身变形机制等特点,在很多通用的文字处理引擎中都不被支持。在嵌入式产品开发与应用领域中Linux加QTE已经成为流行方式。该文给出了一种在QTE环境上实现基于标准Unicode的蒙古文点阵显示和变形算法, 并自定义了支持蒙古文的QTE组件,扩展了QTE功能,为在Linux加QTE方式的嵌入式体系结构中处理蒙古文提供了一种解决方法。